{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T16:58:31Z","timestamp":1775667511827,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":29,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3511808.3557207","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]],"date-time":"2022-10-16T01:22:22Z","timestamp":1665883342000},"page":"4808-4812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["ranx.fuse: A Python Library for Metasearch"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Elias","family":"Bassani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorzio per il Trasferimento Tecnologico - C2T & University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Romelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","volume-title":"Models for Metasearch. In SIGIR 2001: Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, September 9--13","author":"Javed","year":"2001","unstructured":"Javed A. Aslam and Mark H. Montague. 2001 . Models for Metasearch. In SIGIR 2001: Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, September 9--13 , 2001 , New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, W. Bruce Croft, David J. Harper, Donald H. Kraft, and Justin Zobel (Eds.). ACM, 275--284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/383952.384007 10.1145\/383952.384007 Javed A. Aslam and Mark H. Montague. 2001. Models for Metasearch. In SIGIR 2001: Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, September 9--13, 2001, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, W. Bruce Croft, David J. Harper, Donald H. Kraft, and Justin Zobel (Eds.). ACM, 275--284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/383952.384007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/857076.857077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3077136.3080839"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","volume-title":"ECIR 2022, Stavanger, Norway, April 10--14, 2022, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume":"264","author":"Bassani Elias","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elias Bassani . 2022 . ranx: A Blazing-Fast Python Library for Ranking Evaluation and Comparison. In Advances in Information Retrieval - 44th European Conference on IR Research , ECIR 2022, Stavanger, Norway, April 10--14, 2022, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science , Vol. 13186), Matthias Hagen, Suzan Verberne, Craig Macdonald, Christin Seifert, Krisztian Balog, Kjetil N\u00f8rv\u00e5g, and Vinay Setty (Eds.). Springer, 259-- 264 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3-030--99739--7_30 10.1007\/978--3-030--99739--7_30 Elias Bassani. 2022. ranx: A Blazing-Fast Python Library for Ranking Evaluation and Comparison. In Advances in Information Retrieval - 44th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2022, Stavanger, Norway, April 10--14, 2022, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 13186), Matthias Hagen, Suzan Verberne, Craig Macdonald, Christin Seifert, Krisztian Balog, Kjetil N\u00f8rv\u00e5g, and Vinay Setty (Eds.). Springer, 259--264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3-030--99739--7_30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordon V. Cormack Charles L. A. Clarke and Stefan B\u00fc ttcher. 2009. Reciprocal rank fusion outperforms condorcet and individual rank learning methods. In SIGIR. ACM 758--759.  Gordon V. Cormack Charles L. A. Clarke and Stefan B\u00fc ttcher. 2009. Reciprocal rank fusion outperforms condorcet and individual rank learning methods. In SIGIR. ACM 758--759.","DOI":"10.1145\/1571941.1572114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","volume-title":"Advances in information retrieval","author":"Croft W Bruce","unstructured":"W Bruce Croft . 2002. Combining approaches to information retrieval . In Advances in information retrieval . Springer , 1--36. W Bruce Croft. 2002. Combining approaches to information retrieval. In Advances in information retrieval. Springer, 1--36."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Shaw","author":"Fox Edward A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Edward A. Fox and Joseph A . Shaw . 1993 . Combination of Multiple Searches. In TREC (NIST Special Publication , Vol. 500--215). National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 243-- 252 . Edward A. Fox and Joseph A. Shaw. 1993. Combination of Multiple Searches. In TREC (NIST Special Publication, Vol. 500--215). National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 243--252."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"Complementing Lexical Retrieval with Semantic Residual Embedding. CoRR","author":"Gao Luyu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luyu Gao , Zhuyun Dai , Zhen Fan , and Jamie Callan . 2020. Complementing Lexical Retrieval with Semantic Residual Embedding. CoRR , Vol. abs\/ 2004 .13969 ( 2020 ). showeprint[arXiv]2004.13969 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.13969 Luyu Gao, Zhuyun Dai, Zhen Fan, and Jamie Callan. 2020. Complementing Lexical Retrieval with Semantic Residual Embedding. CoRR, Vol. abs\/2004.13969 (2020). showeprint[arXiv]2004.13969 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.13969"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-005-6994-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","volume-title":"ACM Trans. Inf. Syst.","volume":"20","author":"Jaana Kalervo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kalervo J\"a rvelin and Jaana Kek\"a l\"a inen. 2002 . Cumulated gain-based evaluation of IR techniques . ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. , Vol. 20 , 4 (2002), 422--446. Kalervo J\"a rvelin and Jaana Kek\"a l\"a inen. 2002. Cumulated gain-based evaluation of IR techniques. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst., Vol. 20, 4 (2002), 422--446."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","volume-title":"Fusion in Information Retrieval: SIGIR 2018 Half-Day Tutorial. In The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2018","author":"Kurland Oren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oren Kurland and J. Shane Culpepper . 2018 . Fusion in Information Retrieval: SIGIR 2018 Half-Day Tutorial. In The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2018 , Ann Arbor, MI, USA, July 08--12 , 2019 ,, Kevyn Collins-Thompson, Qiaozhu Mei, Brian D. Davison, Yiqun Liu, and Emine Yilmaz (Eds.). ACM, 1383--1386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3209978.3210186 10.1145\/3209978.3210186 Oren Kurland and J. Shane Culpepper. 2018. Fusion in Information Retrieval: SIGIR 2018 Half-Day Tutorial. In The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2018, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, July 08--12, 2019,, Kevyn Collins-Thompson, Qiaozhu Mei, Brian D. Davison, Yiqun Liu, and Emine Yilmaz (Eds.). ACM, 1383--1386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3209978.3210186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Numba: a LLVM-based Python JIT compiler. In LLVM@SC","volume":"7","author":"Lam Siu Kwan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Siu Kwan Lam , Antoine Pitrou , and Stanley Seibert . 2015 . Numba: a LLVM-based Python JIT compiler. In LLVM@SC . ACM , 7 : 1 -- 7 :6. Siu Kwan Lam, Antoine Pitrou, and Stanley Seibert. 2015. Numba: a LLVM-based Python JIT compiler. In LLVM@SC. ACM, 7:1--7:6.","journal-title":"ACM"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joon Ho Lee. 1997. Analyses of Multiple Evidence Combination. In SIGIR. ACM 267--276.  Joon Ho Lee. 1997. Analyses of Multiple Evidence Combination. In SIGIR. ACM 267--276.","DOI":"10.1145\/278459.258587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1148170.1148197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","volume-title":"30th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2008, Glasgow, UK, March 30-April 3, 2008. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume":"369","author":"Lillis David","year":"2008","unstructured":"David Lillis , Fergus Toolan , Rem W. Collier , and John Dunnion . 2008 . Extending Probabilistic Data Fusion Using Sliding Windows. In Advances in Information Retrieval , 30th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2008, Glasgow, UK, March 30-April 3, 2008. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science , Vol. 4956),, Craig Macdonald, Iadh Ounis, Vassilis Plachouras, Ian Ruthven, and Ryen W. White (Eds.). Springer, 358-- 369 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--540--78646--7_33 10.1007\/978--3--540--78646--7_33 David Lillis, Fergus Toolan, Rem W. Collier, and John Dunnion. 2008. Extending Probabilistic Data Fusion Using Sliding Windows. In Advances in Information Retrieval, 30th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2008, Glasgow, UK, March 30-April 3, 2008. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4956),, Craig Macdonald, Iadh Ounis, Vassilis Plachouras, Ian Ruthven, and Ryen W. White (Eds.). Springer, 358--369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--540--78646--7_33"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1835449.1835508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","volume-title":"Pretrained Transformers for Text Ranking: BERT and Beyond","author":"Lin Jimmy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jimmy Lin , Rodrigo Nogueira , and Andrew Yates . 2021. Pretrained Transformers for Text Ranking: BERT and Beyond . Morgan & Claypool Publishers . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2200\/S01123ED1V01Y 2021 08HLT053 10.2200\/S01123ED1V01Y202108HLT053 Jimmy Lin, Rodrigo Nogueira, and Andrew Yates. 2021. Pretrained Transformers for Text Ranking: BERT and Beyond. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2200\/S01123ED1V01Y202108HLT053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3404835.3463254"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","unstructured":"Wes McKinney etal 2011. pandas: a foundational Python library for data analysis and statistics. Python for high performance and scientific computing Vol. 14 9 (2011) 1--9.  Wes McKinney et al. 2011. pandas: a foundational Python library for data analysis and statistics. Python for high performance and scientific computing Vol. 14 9 (2011) 1--9."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2001 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","author":"Mark","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mark H. Montague and Javed A. Aslam. 2001. Relevance Score Normalization for Metasearch . In Proceedings of the 2001 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management , Atlanta, Georgia, USA, November 5--10 , 2001 . ACM, 427--433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/502585.502657 10.1145\/502585.502657 Mark H. Montague and Javed A. Aslam. 2001. Relevance Score Normalization for Metasearch. In Proceedings of the 2001 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, November 5--10, 2001. ACM, 427--433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/502585.502657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2002 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, McLean, VA, USA, November 4--9","author":"Mark","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mark H. Montague and Javed A. Aslam. 2002. Condorcet fusion for improved retrieval . In Proceedings of the 2002 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, McLean, VA, USA, November 4--9 , 2002 . ACM, 538--548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/584792.584881 10.1145\/584792.584881 Mark H. Montague and Javed A. Aslam. 2002. Condorcet fusion for improved retrieval. In Proceedings of the 2002 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, McLean, VA, USA, November 4--9, 2002. ACM, 538--548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/584792.584881"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2014.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3331184.3331399"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/952532.952698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 17th Annual International ACM-SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Stephen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stephen E. Robertson and Steve Walker. 1994. Some Simple Effective Approximations to the 2-Poisson Model for Probabilistic Weighted Retrieval . In Proceedings of the 17th Annual International ACM-SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval . Dublin, Ireland, 3- -6 July 1994 (Special Issue of the SIGIR Forum),, W. Bruce Croft and C. J. van Rijsbergen (Eds.). ACM\/Springer, 232--241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--1--4471--2099--5_24 10.1007\/978--1--4471--2099--5_24 Stephen E. Robertson and Steve Walker. 1994. Some Simple Effective Approximations to the 2-Poisson Model for Probabilistic Weighted Retrieval. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual International ACM-SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Dublin, Ireland, 3--6 July 1994 (Special Issue of the SIGIR Forum),, W. Bruce Croft and C. J. van Rijsbergen (Eds.). ACM\/Springer, 232--241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--1--4471--2099--5_24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"29th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2007, Rome, Italy, April 2--5, 2007, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume":"197","author":"Shokouhi Milad","year":"2007","unstructured":"Milad Shokouhi . 2007 . Segmentation of Search Engine Results for Effective Data-Fusion. In Advances in Information Retrieval , 29th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2007, Rome, Italy, April 2--5, 2007, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science , Vol. 4425),, Giambattista Amati, Claudio Carpineto, and Giovanni Romano (Eds.). Springer, 185-- 197 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--540--71496--5_19 10.1007\/978--3--540--71496--5_19 Milad Shokouhi. 2007. Segmentation of Search Engine Results for Effective Data-Fusion. In Advances in Information Retrieval, 29th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2007, Rome, Italy, April 2--5, 2007, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4425),, Giambattista Amati, Claudio Carpineto, and Giovanni Romano (Eds.). Springer, 185--197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--540--71496--5_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3471158.3472233"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/584792.584908"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","volume-title":"Optimizing Dense Retrieval Model Training with Hard Negatives. In SIGIR '21: The 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Zhan Jingtao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jingtao Zhan , Jiaxin Mao , Yiqun Liu , Jiafeng Guo , Min Zhang , and Shaoping Ma . 2021 . Optimizing Dense Retrieval Model Training with Hard Negatives. In SIGIR '21: The 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval , Virtual Event, Canada, July 11--15 , 2021,, Fernando Diaz, Chirag Shah, Torsten Suel, Pablo Castells, Rosie Jones, and Tetsuya Sakai (Eds.). ACM, 1503--1512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3404835.3462880 10.1145\/3404835.3462880 Jingtao Zhan, Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, Jiafeng Guo, Min Zhang, and Shaoping Ma. 2021. Optimizing Dense Retrieval Model Training with Hard Negatives. In SIGIR '21: The 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Virtual Event, Canada, July 11--15, 2021,, Fernando Diaz, Chirag Shah, Torsten Suel, Pablo Castells, Rosie Jones, and Tetsuya Sakai (Eds.). ACM, 1503--1512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3404835.3462880"}],"event":{"name":"CIKM '22: The 31st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","location":"Atlanta GA USA","acronym":"CIKM '22","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web","SIGIR ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3511808.3557207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3511808.3557207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T17:49:07Z","timestamp":1750182547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3511808.3557207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3511808.3557207","10.1145\/3511808"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3511808.3557207","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}