{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:41:20Z","timestamp":1777520480900,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":39,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","award":["01|S20043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01|S20043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3517031.3529633","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T04:18:15Z","timestamp":1653625095000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fairness in Oculomotoric Biometric Identification"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Prasse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Robert","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Makowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena A.","family":"J\u00e4ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich, Switzerland and University of Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Scheffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gary Bargary Jenny\u00a0M. Bosten Patrick\u00a0T. Goodbourn Adam\u00a0J. Lawrance-Owen Ruth\u00a0E. Hogg and J.D. Mollon. 2017. Individual differences in human eye movements: An oculomotor signature?Vision Research 141 (Dec. 2017) 157\u2013169.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2017.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2_1","unstructured":"Solon Barocas Moritz Hardt and Arvind Narayanan. 2019. Fairness and Machine Learning. fairmlbook.org. http:\/\/www.fairmlbook.org."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Big data\u2019s disparate impact","volume":"104","author":"Barocas Solon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Solon Barocas and Andrew\u00a0D. Selbst. 2016. Big data\u2019s disparate impact. California Law Review 104, 3 (June 2016), 671\u2013732.","journal-title":"California Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11499145_79"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-013-0343-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_6_1","volume-title":"Gender shades: Intersectional phenotypic and demographic evaluation of face datasets and gender classifiers. Ph.\u00a0D. Dissertation","author":"Buolamwini Joy\u00a0Adowaa","unstructured":"Joy\u00a0Adowaa Buolamwini. 2017. Gender shades: Intersectional phenotypic and demographic evaluation of face datasets and gender classifiers. Ph.\u00a0D. Dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_7_1","unstructured":"Fran\u00e7ois Chollet 2015. Keras. https:\/\/keras.io"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/big.2016.0047"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_9_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"ACM U.S. Public\u00a0Policy Committee","year":"2020","unstructured":"ACM U.S. Public\u00a0Policy Committee. 2020. Statement on principles and perequisites for the development, evalutation and use of unbiased facial recognition technologies. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2021 from https:\/\/www.acm.org\/binaries\/content\/assets\/public-policy\/ustpc-facial-recognition-tech-statement.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBIOM.2021.3102862"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_11_1","unstructured":"Jeffrey Dean Rajat Monga 2015. TensorFlow: Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous systems. https:\/\/www.tensorflow.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TTS.2020.2992344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2021-1857"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3393822.3432325"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-020-00650-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_16_1","volume-title":"A score level fusion method for eye movement biometrics. Pattern Recognition Letters 82 (Oct","author":"George Anjith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anjith George and Aurobinda Routray. 2016. A score level fusion method for eye movement biometrics. Pattern Recognition Letters 82 (Oct. 2016), 207\u2013215."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_17_1","volume-title":"Article 184 (July","author":"Griffith Henry","year":"2021","unstructured":"Henry Griffith, Dillon Lohr, Evgeny Abdulin, and Oleg Komogortsev. 2021. GazeBase, a large-scale, multi-stimulus, longitudinal eye movement dataset. Scientific Data 8, Article 184 (July 2021), 9\u00a0pages."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3157382.3157469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_19_1","volume-title":"2013 International Conference on Biometrics(ICB \u201913)","author":"D.","unstructured":"Corey\u00a0D. Holland and Oleg\u00a0V. Komogortsev. 2013. Complex eye movement pattern biometrics: Analyzing fixations and saccades. In 2013 International Conference on Biometrics(ICB \u201913). IEEE, 1\u20138."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_20_1","volume-title":"Deep Eyedentification: Biometric identification using micro-movements of the eye. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. ECML PKDD","author":"J\u00e4ger A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lena\u00a0A J\u00e4ger, Silvia Makowski, Paul Prasse, Sascha Liehr, Maximilian Seidler, and Tobias Scheffer. 2020. Deep Eyedentification: Biometric identification using micro-movements of the eye. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. ECML PKDD 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Cham, 299\u2013314."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV48630.2021.00159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-25976-3_23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_23_1","volume-title":"Gender bias in voice recognition: An i- and x-vector-based gender-specific automatic speaker recognition study. ASIV","author":"Kathiresan Thayabaran","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thayabaran Kathiresan. 2022. Gender bias in voice recognition: An i- and x-vector-based gender-specific automatic speaker recognition study. ASIV (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0376-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCB48548.2020.9304859"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_26_1","volume-title":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. ECML PKDD","author":"Makowski Silvia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Silvia Makowski, Lena\u00a0A. J\u00e4ger, Ahmed Abdelwahab, Niels Landwehr, and Tobias Scheffer. 2019. A discriminative model for identifying readers and assessing text comprehension from eye movements. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. ECML PKDD 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Cham, 209\u2013225."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCB48548.2020.9304900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBIOM.2021.3116875"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_29_1","volume-title":"Scanpaths in eye movements during pattern perception. Science 171, 3968","author":"Noton David","year":"1971","unstructured":"David Noton and Lawrence Stark. 1971. Scanpaths in eye movements during pattern perception. Science 171, 3968 (1971), 308\u2013311."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1953048.2078195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.09.245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_32_1","unstructured":"Christian Rathgeb Pawel Drozdowski Naser Damer Dinusha\u00a0C. Frings and Christoph Busch. 2021. Demographic fairness in biometric systems: What do the experts say?arxiv:2105.14844\u00a0[cs.CV]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.11.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2842614"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB45273.2019.8987307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298682"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_37_1","volume-title":"Amazon\u2019s Face Recognition Falsely Matched 28 Members of Congress With Mugshots. https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/blog\/privacy-technology\/surveillance-technologies\/amazons-face-recognition-falsely-matched-28","author":"Snow Jacob","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jacob Snow. 2018. Amazon\u2019s Face Recognition Falsely Matched 28 Members of Congress With Mugshots. https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/blog\/privacy-technology\/surveillance-technologies\/amazons-face-recognition-falsely-matched-28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_38_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Machine Learning. 325\u2013333","author":"Zemel Rich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rich Zemel, Yu Wu, Kevin Swersky, Toni Pitassi, and Cynthia Dwork. 2013. Learning fair representations. In International Conference on Machine Learning. 325\u2013333."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3278721.3278779"}],"event":{"name":"ETRA '22: 2022 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","location":"Seattle WA USA","acronym":"ETRA '22","sponsor":["SIGGRAPH ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["2022 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3517031.3529633","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3517031.3529633","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T18:09:00Z","timestamp":1750183740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3517031.3529633"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3517031.3529633","10.1145\/3517031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3517031.3529633","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}