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Sen. Netw."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The inevitable aging trend of the world\u2019s population brings a lot of challenges to the health care for the elderly. For example, it is difficult to guarantee timely rescue for single-resided elders who fall at home. Under this circumstance, a reliable automatic fall detection machine is in great need for emergent rescue. However, the state-of-the-art fall detection systems are suffering from serious privacy concerns, having a high false alarm, or being cumbersome for users. In this article, we propose a device-free fall detection system, namely G-Fall, based on floor vibration collected by geophone sensors. We first decompose the falling mode and characterize it with time-dependent floor vibration features. By leveraging Hidden Markov Model (HMM), our system is able to detect the fall event precisely and achieve user-independent detection. It requires no training from the elderly but only an HMM template learned in advance through a small number of training samples. To reduce the false alarm rate, we propose a novel reconfirmation mechanism using Energy-of-Arrival (EoA) positioning to assist in detecting the human fall. Extensive experiments have been conducted on 24 human subjects. On average, G-Fall achieves a 95.74% detection precision on the anti-static floor and 97.36% on the concrete floor. Furthermore, with the assistance of EoA, the false alarm rate is reduced to nearly 0%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3519302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T11:43:04Z","timestamp":1658317384000},"page":"1-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Toward Device-free and User-independent Fall Detection Using Floor Vibration"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2216-0737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaishun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7547-3038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yandao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8632-8282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghui","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4182-0075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenkan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6345-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI\u201915)","author":"Adib Fadel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fadel Adib, Zachary Kabelac, and Dina Katabi. 2015. 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