{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:12:02Z","timestamp":1758708722322,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NASA nasa123 Space Technology Research Institute","award":["80NSSC19K1052 nasa123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC19K1052 nasa123"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Hum.-Robot Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Effective human-multiagent teams will incorporate the cognitive skills of the human with the autonomous capabilities of the multiagent group to maximize task performance. However, producing a seamless fusion requires a greater understanding of the human\u2019s cognitive state as it reacts to uncertainties in both the task environment and agent dynamics. This study examines external behaviors in concert with neurophysiological measures acquired via electroencephalography (EEG) to probe the interactions between cognitive processes, behaviors, and performance in a human-multiagent team task. We show that changes in the \u03b1 (8\u201312 Hz) and \u03b8 (4\u20138 Hz) bands of EEG indicate a higher burden on the cognitive resources associated with visual-spatial reasoning required to estimate a more complex kinematic state of robotic agents. These results are reinforced by complementary behavioral shifts in gaze and pilot inputs. Additionally, higher-performing participants tend to engage more actively in the task by utilizing greater amounts of visual-spatial reasoning. Finally, we show that features based on EEG dynamic-network-metrics provide discriminative information that distinguishes gaze behaviors associated with the attention process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3527928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T17:50:26Z","timestamp":1649958626000},"page":"1-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Neurophysiological and Behavioral Differences in Human-Multiagent Tasks: An EEG Network Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7081-5155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory","family":"Bales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2493-1366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaodan","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132743"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Adaptive autonomy for future spacecraft habitats","author":"Anderson Allison P.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Allison P. Anderson, Torin K. Clark, and Zhaodan Kong. 2020. Adaptive autonomy for future spacecraft habitats. Human Robot Interaction for Space Robotics (2020), 4.","journal-title":"Human Robot Interaction for Space Robotics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-120710-100422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2017.8122684"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3277593.3277613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIS.2008.4668287"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2015.00175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1422487112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1463922X.2017.1315751"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20010296"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2013.2293535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.38"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3470"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1555343419868917"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJADS.2010.036098"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","volume-title":"Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice (2nd ed.)","author":"Duchowski Andrew","year":"2007","unstructured":"Andrew Duchowski. 2007. Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice (2nd ed.). Springer, London."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/70.976029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCS.2012.2195411"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2003.814768"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.05.060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.761722"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2016.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2019.8717025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195168648.003.0002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17682-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-0173(98)00056-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2015.2480801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:4<194::AID-HBM4>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcontrol.2017.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.21439"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s120201211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195050387.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00204"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-73008-0_37"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","volume-title":"Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention","author":"Posner Michael I.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Michael I. Posner. 2011. Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention. Guilford Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogsys.2017.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122414-033634"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1121241.1121249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.","author":"Sycara Katia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Katia Sycara, Christian Lebiere, Yulong Pei, Donald Morrison, and Michael Lewis. 2015. Abstraction of analytical models from cognitive models of human control of robotic swarms. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.13\u201318. DOI:http:\/\/d-scholarship.pitt.edu\/id\/eprint\/25320"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2013.00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00648"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAMD.2015.2441960"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/12\/6\/066028"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3527928","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3527928","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T19:00:03Z","timestamp":1750186803000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3527928"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3527928"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3527928","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-9522","2573-9522"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2573-9522"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2573-9522"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}