{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:13:39Z","timestamp":1750220019672,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2018YFB1800804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB1800804"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U1936217, 61971267, 61972223, 61941117, 61861136003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1936217, 61971267, 61972223, 61941117, 61861136003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["L182038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L182038"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017582","name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20031887521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20031887521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017582","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Tsinghua University - Tencent Joint Laboratory for Internet Innovation Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Individual trajectory generation plays an important role in simulation tasks, reconstructing fine-grained mobility behaviors that can be used to evaluate epidemic risks, congestion risks, or commercial profit. Previous research works adopt the Newton\u2019s mechanic-based particle model as their core algorithm, such as the Social Force model. However, real-world human mobility behaviors hardly follow the particle models, especially in the interior scenes where interactions between pedestrians and environments matter. In this article, we propose a Social Force-based trajectory simulator for interior scenarios that improve both trajectory quality and generation speed for interior scenarios. First, we introduce prior scene knowledge to guide the generation process, where pedestrians are armed with exploration behaviors that follow the group-level distribution. It provides more flexibility to simulate complicated human behaviors rather than straight-line movements, generating high-quality individual trajectories. Experiments show that the correlation between the aggregated population distribution of generated trajectories and ground-truth distribution is improved by 11.84% by our method. Second, we optimize the algorithm procedure by introducing a caching mechanism for tenderized intermediate values, along with graph-processing-unit-based implementation. Compared with the baseline Social Force model, we reduced the time consumption by 95%. More importantly, based on our simulation paradigm, we quantitatively evaluate several common mobility interventions in our simulation scenario, which can shed light on better policy designs in public spaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3529108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T12:35:15Z","timestamp":1660653315000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interior Individual Trajectory Simulation with Population Distribution Constraint"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2440-271X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erzhuo","family":"Shao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9634-7962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0764-6579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulai","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Technology Research Department, Hitachi (China) Research &amp; Development Corporation, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0523-8478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Technology Research Department, Hitachi (China) Research &amp; Development Corporation, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2379-2103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Technology Research Department, Hitachi (China) Research &amp; Development Corporation, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5617-1659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.110"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2018.8593758"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(01)00141-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba9757"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/b240247"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169734"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394486.3412862"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","volume-title":"Pedestrian Planning and Design","author":"Fruin John J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"John J. 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