{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T23:56:36Z","timestamp":1781913396876,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":66,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["2022R1A2C2011536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A2C2011536"]}]},{"name":"Hankook Tire and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581457","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T04:27:55Z","timestamp":1681964875000},"page":"1-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Charlie and the Semi-Automated Factory: Data-Driven Operator Behavior and Performance Modeling for Human-Machine Collaborative Systems"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3464-5838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunji","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, KAIST, Korea, Republic of"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4154-9214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yugyeong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, KAIST, Korea, Republic of"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4223-7420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inyeop","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAIST, Korea, Republic of"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1888-1569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uichin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, KAIST, Korea, Republic of"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Algorithms at work: productivity monitoring applications and wearable technology as the new data-centric research agenda for employment and labor law","volume":"63","author":"Ajunwa Ifeoma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ifeoma Ajunwa. 2018. Algorithms at work: productivity monitoring applications and wearable technology as the new data-centric research agenda for employment and labor law. . Louis ULJ 63(2018), 21.","journal-title":"Louis ULJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309816819899410"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_1","volume-title":"Performance analysis of manufacturing systems","author":"Altiok Tayfur","unstructured":"Tayfur Altiok. 2012. Performance analysis of manufacturing systems. Springer Science & Business Media, Piscataway, NJ, USA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_1","volume-title":"Enterprise Control System Integration - pt. 1. Standard","unstructured":"ANSI\/ISA-95.00.01-2010 2010. Enterprise Control System Integration - pt. 1. Standard. International Society of Automation."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSM.2006.873400"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_1","volume-title":"Analysis, Design and Evaluation of Man\u2013Machine Systems","author":"Bainbridge L.","unstructured":"L. Bainbridge. 1983. Ironies of Automation. In Analysis, Design and Evaluation of Man\u2013Machine Systems. Pergamon, 129\u2013135."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_1","volume-title":"Towards a theoretical framework for human performance modelling within manufacturing systems design. Simulation modelling practice and theory 13, 6","author":"Baines S","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tim\u00a0S Baines, R Asch, Linda Hadfield, JP Mason, Sarah Fletcher, and John\u00a0M Kay. 2005. Towards a theoretical framework for human performance modelling within manufacturing systems design. Simulation modelling practice and theory 13, 6 (2005), 486\u2013504."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_1","volume-title":"Electronic Monitoring and Surveillance in the Workplace","author":"Ball Kirstie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kirstie Ball. 2021. Electronic Monitoring and Surveillance in the Workplace. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi 10 (2021), 5137."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025571"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1089911.1089914"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_1","volume-title":"1999 International Conference on Human Interfaces in Control Rooms, Cockpits and Command Centres. Institution of Engineering and Technology","author":"Bunting A.J.","unstructured":"A.J. Bunting and A.J. Belyavin. 1999. Modelling human performance in semi-automated systems. In 1999 International Conference on Human Interfaces in Control Rooms, Cockpits and Command Centres. Institution of Engineering and Technology, Bath, UK, 21\u201325."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2830565"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2015.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_1","volume-title":"The Inmates are Running the Asylum. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag","author":"Cooper Alan","unstructured":"Alan Cooper. 1999. The Inmates are Running the Asylum. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden, 17\u201317."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_1","volume-title":"What we talk about when we talk about context. Personal and ubiquitous computing 8, 1","author":"Dourish Paul","year":"2004","unstructured":"Paul Dourish. 2004. What we talk about when we talk about context. Personal and ubiquitous computing 8, 1 (2004), 19\u201330."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720816681350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_1","volume-title":"Designing for situation awareness: An approach to user-centered design","author":"Endsley R","unstructured":"Mica\u00a0R Endsley, Betty Bolt\u00e9, and Debra\u00a0G Jones. 2003. Designing for situation awareness: An approach to user-centered design. CRC press, London, UK."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_1","volume-title":"Motion study: A method for increasing the efficiency of the workman","author":"Gilbreth Frank\u00a0Bunker","unstructured":"Frank\u00a0Bunker Gilbreth and Robert\u00a0Thurston Kent. 1911. Motion study: A method for increasing the efficiency of the workman. D. Van Nostrand Company."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_1","volume-title":"Advances in Production Management Systems","author":"Gogineni Sonika","unstructured":"Sonika Gogineni, Kai Lindow, Jonas Nickel, and Rainer Stark. 2020. Applying Contextualization for Data-Driven Transformation in Manufacturing. In Advances in Production Management Systems. Towards Smart and Digital Manufacturing, Bojan Lalic, Vidosav Majstorovic, Ugljesa Marjanovic, Gregor von Cieminski, and David Romero (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 154\u2013161."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2856767.2856779"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2378023119870041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_1","volume-title":"Augmented Cognition: Intelligent Technologies, Dylan\u00a0D","author":"Grigsby S.","unstructured":"Scott\u00a0S. Grigsby. 2018. Artificial Intelligence for Advanced Human-Machine Symbiosis. In Augmented Cognition: Intelligent Technologies, Dylan\u00a0D. Schmorrow and Cali\u00a0M. Fidopiastis (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 255\u2013266."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10111-019-00559-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2637248.2637271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23429"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernard Jansen Joni Salminen Soon-gyo Jung and Kathleen Guan. 2021. Data-driven personas. Synthesis Lectures on Human-Centered Informatics 14 1(2021) i\u2013317.","DOI":"10.2200\/S01072ED1V01Y202101HCI048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2019.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_1","volume-title":"A review on machinery diagnostics and prognostics implementing condition-based maintenance. Mechanical systems and signal processing 20, 7","author":"Jardine KS","year":"2006","unstructured":"Andrew\u00a0KS Jardine, Daming Lin, and Dragan Banjevic. 2006. A review on machinery diagnostics and prognostics implementing condition-based maintenance. Mechanical systems and signal processing 20, 7 (2006), 1483\u20131510."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2441776.2441923"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.121284"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AEECT.2011.6132501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_1","volume-title":"239\u2013242","author":"Lasi Heiner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heiner Lasi, Peter Fettke, Hans-Georg Kemper, Thomas Feld, and Michael Hoffmann. 2014. Industry 4.0. Business & information systems engineering 6, 4 (2014), 239\u2013242."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jay Lee Hung-An Kao and Shanhu Yang. 2014. Service innovation and smart analytics for industry 4.0 and big data environment. Procedia cirp 16(2014) 3\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2014.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ECAM-06-2016-0155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3453155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2971648.2971721"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Nalini Kotamraju McGinn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jennifer\u00a0(Jen) McGinn and Nalini Kotamraju. 2008. Data-Driven Persona Development. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Florence, Italy) (CHI \u201908). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1521\u20131524."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_1","unstructured":"Dwight\u00a0P Miller. 1987. Human error and human reliability. Handbook of human factors(1987)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2005.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ijcns.2017.103003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_1","volume-title":"A general and simple method for obtaining R2 from generalized linear mixed-effects models. Methods in ecology and evolution 4, 2","author":"Nakagawa Shinichi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shinichi Nakagawa and Holger Schielzeth. 2013. A general and simple method for obtaining R2 from generalized linear mixed-effects models. Methods in ecology and evolution 4, 2 (2013), 133\u2013142."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Big data challenges","volume":"4","author":"Nasser T","year":"2015","unstructured":"T Nasser and RS Tariq. 2015. Big data challenges. J Comput Eng Inf Technol 4: 3. doi: http:\/\/dx. doi. org\/10.4172\/2324 9307, 2 (2015), 1\u201310.","journal-title":"J Comput Eng Inf Technol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_1","unstructured":"Jos\u00e9 Luis V\u00e1zquez-Garc\u00eda\u00a0Mar\u00eda Purificaci\u00f3n. [n. d.]. From taylorism to neo-taylorism: a 100 year journey in human resource management. ([n. d.])."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3328931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_1","volume-title":"Advances in Production Management Systems. Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0, Ilkyeong Moon, Gyu\u00a0M","author":"Rabelo J.","unstructured":"Ricardo\u00a0J. Rabelo, David Romero, and Saulo\u00a0Popov Zambiasi. 2018. Softbots Supporting the Operator 4.0 at Smart Factory Environments. In Advances in Production Management Systems. Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0, Ilkyeong Moon, Gyu\u00a0M. Lee, Jinwoo Park, Dimitris Kiritsis, and Gregor von Cieminski (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 456\u2013464."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Romero Peter Bernus Ovidiu Noran Johan Stahre and \u00c5sa Fast-Berglund. 2016. The Operator 4.0: Human Cyber-Physical Systems & Adaptive Automation Towards Human-Automation Symbiosis Work Systems. In Advances in Production Management Systems. Initiatives for a Sustainable World Irenilza N\u00e4\u00e4s Oduvaldo Vendrametto Jo\u00e3o Mendes\u00a0Reis Rodrigo\u00a0Franco Gon\u00e7alves M\u00e1rcia\u00a0Terra Silva Gregor von Cieminski and Dimitris Kiritsis (Eds.). Springer International Publishing Cham 677\u2013686.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-51133-7_80"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECACE.2019.8679314"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327043HUP1301_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2016.7840777"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_53_1","volume-title":"Scientific management","author":"Taylor Frederick\u00a0Winslow","unstructured":"Frederick\u00a0Winslow Taylor. 2004. Scientific management. Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_54_1","volume-title":"Performance modeling of automated systems. PHI Learning Pvt","author":"Viswanadham N","unstructured":"N Viswanadham and Y Narahari. 2015. Performance modeling of automated systems. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, India."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3381069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2018.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_58_1","volume-title":"Contextualization of survey data: What do we gain and does it matter?Research in human development 14, 3","author":"Wilkinson R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lindsay\u00a0R Wilkinson, Kenneth\u00a0F Ferraro, and Blakelee\u00a0R Kemp. 2017. Contextualization of survey data: What do we gain and does it matter?Research in human development 14, 3 (2017), 234\u2013252."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_59_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Collaborative intelligence: Humans and AI are joining forces","volume":"96","author":"Wilson H\u00a0James","year":"2018","unstructured":"H\u00a0James Wilson and Paul\u00a0R Daugherty. 2018. Collaborative intelligence: Humans and AI are joining forces. Harvard Business Review 96, 4 (2018), 114\u2013123.","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aimag.v6i4.511"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rego.12158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2388958"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2022.104096"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_64_1","volume-title":"Towards Automated Safety Vetting of PLC Code in Real-World Plants. In 2019 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE","author":"Zhang Mu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mu Zhang, Chien-Ying Chen, Bin-Chou Kao, Yassine Qamsane, Yuru Shao, Yikai Lin, Elaine Shi, Sibin Mohan, Kira Barton, James Moyne, and Z.\u00a0Morley Mao. 2019. Towards Automated Safety Vetting of PLC Code in Real-World Plants. In 2019 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE, San Francisco, CA, USA, 522\u2013538."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2019.07.015"}],"event":{"name":"CHI '23: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Hamburg Germany","acronym":"CHI '23","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3544548.3581457","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3544548.3581457","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T16:46:55Z","timestamp":1750178815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3544548.3581457"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3544548.3581457","10.1145\/3544548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3544548.3581457","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}