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Providing real-time biofeedback can greatly improve the user experience in doing the right exercises in the right ways. In this paper, we present methods to passively track breathing biomarkers in real-time using wireless commodity earbuds and generate feedback on users' breathing performance. We use the earbud's low-power accelerometer to generate a comprehensive set of breathing biomarkers including breathing phase, breathing rate, depth of breathing, and breathing symmetry. We have conducted studies where the subjects performed different types of guided breathing exercises while wearing the earbuds. Our algorithms detect breathing phases with 90.91% F1-score and estimate breathing rate with 95.05% accuracy. We further show that our algorithms can be used to generate biofeedback towards designing engaging smartphone's user interactions that facilitate users to accurately perform various breathing exercises.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3546748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T23:14:30Z","timestamp":1663715670000},"page":"1-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["BreatheBuddy"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Md Mahbubur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Tousif","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research America, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Mohsin Yusuf","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Minh","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung, San Francisco, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Nemati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Jilong","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Jun Alex","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-11-87"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashfaaq Ahmed R Gayatri Devi and A Jothi Priya. 2021. 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