{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T22:17:14Z","timestamp":1784585834958,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":57,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"NSFC","award":["U1836211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1836211"]}]},{"name":"NSF","award":["CNS-1801432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1801432"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559351","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T11:41:28Z","timestamp":1667821288000},"page":"2751-2764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Clues in Tweets"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianghang","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XiaoFeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Cyber Security, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"The Best SMS Providers of","year":"2020","unstructured":"2020. The Best SMS Providers of 2020 . https:\/\/blog.telebu.com\/top-10-bulk-sms- service-providers-in-the-market. 2020. The Best SMS Providers of 2020. https:\/\/blog.telebu.com\/top-10-bulk-sms- service-providers-in-the-market."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2021. https:\/\/www.spamhaus.com\/product\/passive-dns\/.  2021. https:\/\/www.spamhaus.com\/product\/passive-dns\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2021. https:\/\/www.textmagic.com.  2021. https:\/\/www.textmagic.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2021. 2021 United State Spam Text insights. https:\/\/www.robokiller.com\/spam- text-insights\/.  2021. 2021 United State Spam Text insights. https:\/\/www.robokiller.com\/spam- text-insights\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"2021. Bulk SMS Gateway & Email Marketing Platform. https:\/\/www.clicksend. com.  2021. Bulk SMS Gateway & Email Marketing Platform. https:\/\/www.clicksend. com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"2021. Complaints about spam texts were up 146% last year. Now the FCC wants to take action. https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/10\/19\/1047303425\/complaints-about-spam-texts-fcc-robocalls.  2021. Complaints about spam texts were up 146% last year. Now the FCC wants to take action. https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/10\/19\/1047303425\/complaints-about-spam-texts-fcc-robocalls."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"2021. Dense document text detection tutorial. https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/vision\/ docs\/fulltext-annotations.  2021. Dense document text detection tutorial. https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/vision\/ docs\/fulltext-annotations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"2021. Google Translation API. https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/translate.  2021. Google Translation API. https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/translate."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"2021. howcaller - Caller ID even working offline. https:\/\/www.show-caller.com\/.  2021. howcaller - Caller ID even working offline. https:\/\/www.show-caller.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"2021. IPinfo. https:\/\/ipinfo.io\/developers.  2021. IPinfo. https:\/\/ipinfo.io\/developers."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"2021. ngrok - secure introspectable tunnels to local host. https:\/\/ngrok.com\/.  2021. ngrok - secure introspectable tunnels to local host. https:\/\/ngrok.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"2021. OOPSpam Anti-Spam API. https:\/\/www.oopspam.com\/.  2021. OOPSpam Anti-Spam API. https:\/\/www.oopspam.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"2021. Oversampling and undersampling in data analysis. https:\/\/en.wikipedia. org\/wiki\/Oversampling_and_undersampling_in_data_analysis.  2021. Oversampling and undersampling in data analysis. https:\/\/en.wikipedia. org\/wiki\/Oversampling_and_undersampling_in_data_analysis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"2021. Perspective API. https:\/\/www.perspectiveapi.com\/.  2021. Perspective API. https:\/\/www.perspectiveapi.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"2021. Plino-An Intelligent spam filtering System. https:\/\/plino.herokuapp.com\/.  2021. Plino-An Intelligent spam filtering System. https:\/\/plino.herokuapp.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"7.4 Billion Spam Texts Surpass Total Robocalls By More Than 1 Billion Messages In","author":"Record Robocall","year":"2021","unstructured":"2021. Robocall Record : 7.4 Billion Spam Texts Surpass Total Robocalls By More Than 1 Billion Messages In March 2021 . https:\/\/ipinfo.io\/developers. 2021. Robocall Record: 7.4 Billion Spam Texts Surpass Total Robocalls By More Than 1 Billion Messages In March 2021. https:\/\/ipinfo.io\/developers."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"2021. RoboKiller: The Text & Spam Call Blocker App That Actually Works. https:\/\/www.robokiller.com\/.  2021. RoboKiller: The Text & Spam Call Blocker App That Actually Works. https:\/\/www.robokiller.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"2021. SMS Filtering & Privacy - Apple Support. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/legal\/ privacy\/data\/en\/sms-filtering\/.  2021. SMS Filtering & Privacy - Apple Support. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/legal\/ privacy\/data\/en\/sms-filtering\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"2021. Spam reports on Twitter. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/twitterspamsms.  2021. Spam reports on Twitter. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/twitterspamsms."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"2021. Twilio - Communication APIs for SMS Voice Video and ... https:\/\/www. twilio.com.  2021. Twilio - Communication APIs for SMS Voice Video and ... https:\/\/www. twilio.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"2021. VirusTotal API Reference. https:\/\/developers.virustotal.com\/reference.  2021. VirusTotal API Reference. https:\/\/developers.virustotal.com\/reference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards sms spam filtering: Results under a new dataset","volume":"2","author":"Almeida Tiago","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tiago Almeida , Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda G\u00f3mez Hidalgo , and Tiago Pasqualini Silva . 2013 . Towards sms spam filtering: Results under a new dataset . International Journal of Information Security Science 2 , 1 (2013), 1 -- 18 . Tiago Almeida, Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda G\u00f3mez Hidalgo, and Tiago Pasqualini Silva. 2013. Towards sms spam filtering: Results under a new dataset. International Journal of Information Security Science 2, 1 (2013), 1--18.","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Security Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2034691.2034742"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"An evaluation of naive bayesian anti-spam filtering. arXiv preprint cs\/0006013","author":"Androutsopoulos Ion","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ion Androutsopoulos , John Koutsias , Konstantinos V Chandrinos , George Paliouras , and Constantine D Spyropoulos . 2000. An evaluation of naive bayesian anti-spam filtering. arXiv preprint cs\/0006013 ( 2000 ). Ion Androutsopoulos, John Koutsias, Konstantinos V Chandrinos, George Paliouras, and Constantine D Spyropoulos. 2000. An evaluation of naive bayesian anti-spam filtering. arXiv preprint cs\/0006013 (2000)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2007.905853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Boosting trees for anti-spam email filtering. arXiv preprint cs\/0109015","author":"Carreras Xavier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Xavier Carreras and Lluis Marquez . 2001. Boosting trees for anti-spam email filtering. arXiv preprint cs\/0109015 ( 2001 ). Xavier Carreras and Lluis Marquez. 2001. Boosting trees for anti-spam email filtering. arXiv preprint cs\/0109015 (2001)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2014.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/280324.280336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.02.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1879141.1879147"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Zettlemoyer","author":"Gardner Matt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matt Gardner , Joel Grus , Mark Neumann , Oyvind Tafjord , Pradeep Dasigi , Nelson F. Liu , Matthew Peters , Michael Schmitz , and Luke S . Zettlemoyer . 2017 . AllenNLP: A Deep Semantic Natural Language Processing Platform . arXiv:arXiv:1803.07640 Matt Gardner, Joel Grus, Mark Neumann, Oyvind Tafjord, Pradeep Dasigi, Nelson F. Liu, Matthew Peters, Michael Schmitz, and Luke S. Zettlemoyer. 2017. AllenNLP: A Deep Semantic Natural Language Processing Platform. arXiv:arXiv:1803.07640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 13). 33--48.","author":"Golde Nico","unstructured":"Nico Golde , K\u00e9vin Redon , and Jean-Pierre Seifert . 2013. Let me answer that for you: Exploiting broadcast information in cellular networks . In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 13). 33--48. Nico Golde, K\u00e9vin Redon, and Jean-Pierre Seifert. 2013. Let me answer that for you: Exploiting broadcast information in cellular networks. In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 13). 33--48."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1166160.1166191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1866307.1866311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3196494.3196516"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Greystar: Fast and Accurate Detection of {SMS} Spam Numbers in Large Cellular Networks Using Gray Phone Space. In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security. 1--16.","author":"Jiang Nan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nan Jiang , Yu Jin , Ann Skudlark , and Zhi-Li Zhang . 2013 . Greystar: Fast and Accurate Detection of {SMS} Spam Numbers in Large Cellular Networks Using Gray Phone Space. In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security. 1--16. Nan Jiang, Yu Jin, Ann Skudlark, and Zhi-Li Zhang. 2013. Greystar: Fast and Accurate Detection of {SMS} Spam Numbers in Large Cellular Networks Using Gray Phone Space. In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security. 1--16."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","unstructured":"Amir Karami and Lina Zhou. 2014. Improving static SMS spam detection by using new content-based features. (2014).  Amir Karami and Lina Zhou. 2014. Improving static SMS spam detection by using new content-based features. (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Textbugger: Generating adversarial text against real-world applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1812.05271","author":"Li Jinfeng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jinfeng Li , Shouling Ji , Tianyu Du , Bo Li , and Ting Wang . 2018 . Textbugger: Generating adversarial text against real-world applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1812.05271 (2018). Jinfeng Li, Shouling Ji, Tianyu Du, Bo Li, and Ting Wang. 2018. Textbugger: Generating adversarial text against real-world applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1812.05271 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3133956.3134049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","unstructured":"Xianghang Mi Siyuan Tang Zhengyi Li Xiaojing Liao Feng Qian and XiaoFeng Wang. 2021. Your Phone is My Proxy: Detecting and Understanding Mobile Proxy Networks. (2021).  Xianghang Mi Siyuan Tang Zhengyi Li Xiaojing Liao Feng Qian and XiaoFeng Wang. 2021. Your Phone is My Proxy: Detecting and Understanding Mobile Proxy Networks. (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2516760.2516772"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2016.28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Yolov3: An incremental improvement. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.02767","author":"Redmon Joseph","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joseph Redmon and Ali Farhadi . 2018. Yolov3: An incremental improvement. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.02767 ( 2018 ). Joseph Redmon and Ali Farhadi. 2018. Yolov3: An incremental improvement. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.02767 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Information and Communication Technology for Sustainable Development","author":"Sahay Sanjay K","unstructured":"Sanjay K Sahay , Ashu Sharma , and Hemant Rathore . 2020. Evolution of malware and its detection techniques . In Information and Communication Technology for Sustainable Development . Springer , 139--150. Sanjay K Sahay, Ashu Sharma, and Hemant Rathore. 2020. Evolution of malware and its detection techniques. In Information and Communication Technology for Sustainable Development. Springer, 139--150."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2666785"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Practical attacks against privacy and availability in 4G\/LTE mobile communication systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1510.07563","author":"Shaik Altaf","year":"2015","unstructured":"Altaf Shaik , Ravishankar Borgaonkar , N Asokan , Valtteri Niemi , and Jean-Pierre Seifert . 2015. Practical attacks against privacy and availability in 4G\/LTE mobile communication systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1510.07563 ( 2015 ). Altaf Shaik, Ravishankar Borgaonkar, N Asokan, Valtteri Niemi, and Jean-Pierre Seifert. 2015. Practical attacks against privacy and availability in 4G\/LTE mobile communication systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1510.07563 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-45744-4_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2068816.2068840"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 13). 195--210.","author":"Thomas Kurt","unstructured":"Kurt Thomas , Damon McCoy , Chris Grier , Alek Kolcz , and Vern Paxson . 2013. Trafficking fraudulent accounts: The role of the underground market in Twitter spam and abuse . In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 13). 195--210. Kurt Thomas, Damon McCoy, Chris Grier, Alek Kolcz, and Vern Paxson. 2013. Trafficking fraudulent accounts: The role of the underground market in Twitter spam and abuse. In 22nd {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 13). 195--210."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-4858(16)30008-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2005.62"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4108\/icst.collaboratecom.2013.254082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2184489.2184491"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417257"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13059-5_6"}],"event":{"name":"CCS '22: 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","location":"Los Angeles CA USA","acronym":"CCS '22","sponsor":["SIGSAC ACM Special Interest Group on Security, Audit, and Control"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3548606.3559351","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3548606.3559351","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3548606.3559351","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T17:50:56Z","timestamp":1750182656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3548606.3559351"}},"subtitle":["Twitter-Guided Discovery and Analysis of SMS Spam"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3548606.3559351","10.1145\/3548606"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3548606.3559351","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}