{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T19:35:15Z","timestamp":1776108915478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":371,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007569","name":"Carl Zeiss Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JuBot"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JuBot"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Earables have emerged as a unique platform for ubiquitous computing by augmenting ear-worn devices with state-of-the-art sensing. This new platform has spurred a wealth of new research exploring what can be detected on a wearable, small form factor. As a sensing platform, the ears are less susceptible to motion artifacts and are located in close proximity to a number of important anatomical structures including the brain, blood vessels, and facial muscles which reveal a wealth of information. They can be easily reached by the hands and the ear canal itself is affected by mouth, face, and head movements. We have conducted a systematic literature review of 271 earable publications from the ACM and IEEE libraries. These were synthesized into an open-ended taxonomy of 47 different phenomena that can be sensed in, on, or around the ear. Through analysis, we identify 13 fundamental phenomena from which all other phenomena can be derived, and discuss the different sensors and sensing principles used to detect them. We comprehensively review the phenomena in four main areas of (i) physiological monitoring and health, (ii) movement and activity, (iii) interaction, and (iv) authentication and identification. This breadth highlights the potential that earables have to offer as a ubiquitous, general-purpose platform.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3550314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T14:54:27Z","timestamp":1662562467000},"page":"1-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Sensing with Earables"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"R\u00f6ddiger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bath, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Breitling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Schneegans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"}]},{"given":"Haibin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Gellersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancaster University, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Beigl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3062086"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","volume-title":"Mohsin Yusuf Ahmed, Ebrahim Nemati, Minh Dinh, Nathan Folkman, Jilong Kuang, and Alex Gao.","author":"Ahmed Tousif","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tousif Ahmed, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Mohsin Yusuf Ahmed, Ebrahim Nemati, Minh Dinh, Nathan Folkman, Jilong Kuang, and Alex Gao. 2021. RRMonitor: A Resource-Aware End-to-End System for Continuous Monitoring of Respiration Rate Using Earbuds. In 2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2463--2467."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2017.3970"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashwin Ahuja Andrea Ferlini and Cecilia Mascolo. 2021. PilotEar: Enabling In-ear Inertial Navigation. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. 139--145.","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479326"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","volume-title":"David R Bassett, Kathryn H Schmitz, Patricia O Emplaincourt, et al.","author":"Ainsworth Barbara E","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barbara E Ainsworth, William L Haskell, Melicia C Whitt, Melinda L Irwin, Ann M Swartz, Scott J Strath, WILLIAM L O Brien, David R Bassett, Kathryn H Schmitz, Patricia O Emplaincourt, et al. 2000. Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 32, 9; SUPP\/1 (2000), S498-S504."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2493988.2494326"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AUTOID.2005.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"A novel in-ear sensor to determine sleep latency during the Multiple Sleep Latency Test in healthy adults with and without sleep restriction. Nature and science of sleep 10","author":"Alqurashi Yousef D","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yousef D Alqurashi, Takashi Nakamura, Valentin Goverdovsky, James Moss, Michael I Polkey, Danilo P Mandic, and Mary J Morrell. 2018. A novel in-ear sensor to determine sleep latency during the Multiple Sleep Latency Test in healthy adults with and without sleep restriction. Nature and science of sleep 10 (2018), 385."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECCT.2019.8869450"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341163.3347747"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENS.2010.5690449"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2009.2015873"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-15.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3126594.3126649"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","unstructured":"Apple. 2017. About touch ID advanced security technology. https:\/\/support.apple.com\/en-us\/HT204587"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSIPA.2016.7820886"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2935334.2935389"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","unstructured":"Consumer Technology Association. 2018. Physical Activity Monitoring for Heart Rate ANSI\/CTA-2065. https:\/\/standards.cta.tech\/kwspub\/published_docs\/CTA-2065-Preview.pdf [2018-12-02]."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","volume-title":"An ear-worn sensor for the detection of gait impairment after abdominal surgery. Surgical innovation 20, 1","author":"Atallah Louis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Louis Atallah, Omer Aziz, Edward Gray, Benny Lo, and Guang-Zhong Yang. 2013. An ear-worn sensor for the detection of gait impairment after abdominal surgery. Surgical innovation 20, 1 (2013), 86--94."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2009.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2018.8329661"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2011.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","volume-title":"Energy expenditure prediction using a miniaturized ear-worn sensor. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 43, 7","author":"Atallah Louis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Louis Atallah, JJ Leong, Benny Lo, and Guang-Zhong Yang. 2011. Energy expenditure prediction using a miniaturized ear-worn sensor. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 43, 7 (2011), 1369--1377."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2009.2028575"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2011.2160540"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"Validation of an ear-worn sensor for gait monitoring using a force-plate instrumented treadmill. Gait & posture 35, 4","author":"Atallah Louis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Louis Atallah, Anatole Wiik, Gareth G Jones, Benny Lo, Justin P Cobb, Andrew Amis, and Guang-Zhong Yang. 2012. Validation of an ear-worn sensor for gait monitoring using a force-plate instrumented treadmill. Gait & posture 35, 4 (2012), 674--676."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","volume-title":"Gait asymmetry detection in older adults using a light ear-worn sensor. Physiological measurement 35, 5","author":"Atallah L","year":"2014","unstructured":"L Atallah, A Wiik, B Lo, JP Cobb, AA Amis, and GZ Yang. 2014. Gait asymmetry detection in older adults using a light ear-worn sensor. Physiological measurement 35, 5 (2014), N29."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JCSSE.2018.8457324"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19184014"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2020.102962"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","volume-title":"Nicole Merkle, and Stephanie Schwarz.","author":"Barralon Pierre","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pierre Barralon, Ivo Ramos Maia Martins, Nicole Merkle, and Stephanie Schwarz. 2015. Augmented Hearing Assistance for Elderly People. (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-200509000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0663-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_1","volume-title":"Toward EEG-assisted hearing aids: Objective threshold estimation based on ear-EEG in subjects with sensorineural hearing loss. Trends in hearing 22","author":"Christensen Christian Bech","year":"2018","unstructured":"Christian Bech Christensen, Renskje K Hietkamp, James M Harte, Thomas Lunner, and Preben Kidmose. 2018. Toward EEG-assisted hearing aids: Objective threshold estimation based on ear-EEG in subjects with sensorineural hearing loss. Trends in hearing 22 (2018), 2331216518816203."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2800835.2807933"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130902"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2818346.2820767"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2802083.2808411"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3332166"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2019.8857351"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SAIBMEC.2018.8363196"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3063479"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3089351.3089355"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3264902"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_46_1","volume-title":"unobtrusive ear-centered EEG acquisition: cEEGrids for transparent EEG. Frontiers in human neuroscience 11","author":"Bleichner Martin G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martin G Bleichner and Stefan Debener. 2017. Concealed, unobtrusive ear-centered EEG acquisition: cEEGrids for transparent EEG. Frontiers in human neuroscience 11 (2017), 163."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12362"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/13\/6\/066004"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_49_1","volume-title":"Wiley encyclopedia of biomedical engineering","author":"Blinowska Katarzyna","year":"2006","unstructured":"Katarzyna Blinowska and Piotr Durka. 2006. Electroencephalography (eeg). Wiley encyclopedia of biomedical engineering (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2013.6575484"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03021609"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479327"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2284069"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.2976925"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_55_1","volume-title":"Electrodermal activity","author":"Boucsein Wolfram","unstructured":"Wolfram Boucsein. 2012. Electrodermal activity. Springer Science & Business Media."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3098861"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_57_1","volume-title":"Improving the quality of in-ear microphone speech via adaptive filtering and artificial bandwidth extension. MANUSCRIPT-BASED THESIS PRESENTED TO","author":"Bouserhal Rachel E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rachel E Bouserhal, Tiago H Falk, and Jeremie Voix. 2016. Improving the quality of in-ear microphone speech via adaptive filtering and artificial bandwidth extension. MANUSCRIPT-BASED THESIS PRESENTED TO (2016), 25."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios10040034"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_59_1","volume-title":"Acute care surgery","author":"Britt LD","unstructured":"LD Britt, Andrew B Peitzman, Philip S Barie, and Gregory J Jurkovich. 2012. Acute care surgery. Springer."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_60_1","volume-title":"Biomedical engineering fundamentals","author":"Bronzino Joseph D","unstructured":"Joseph D Bronzino and Donald R Peterson. 2014. Biomedical engineering fundamentals. CRC press."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300792"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3300061.3345454"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2005.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1085777.1085877"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.3002589"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3384419.3430730"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM42981.2021.9488852"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2017.2783299"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. Celik W. Balachandran N. Manivannan E. Winter B. Schnalzer and H. Burgsteiner. 2017. Wearable mobile ear-based ECG monitoring device using graphene-coated sensors. In 2017 IEEE SENSORS. 1--3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSENS.2017.8233911","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENS.2017.8233911"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_70_1","volume-title":"Motion resistant earphone located infrared based heart rate measurement device. Biomedical Engineering","author":"Celka P","year":"2004","unstructured":"P Celka, C Verjus, R Vetter, P Renevey, and V Neuman. 2004. Motion resistant earphone located infrared based heart rate measurement device. Biomedical Engineering (2004)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103315"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3379337.3415879"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_73_1","volume-title":"Understanding the Design Space of Mouth Microgestures. In Designing Interactive Systems Conference","author":"Chen Victor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Victor Chen, Xuhai Xu, Richard Li, Yuanchun Shi, Shwetak Patel, and Yuntao Wang. 2021. Understanding the Design Space of Mouth Microgestures. In Designing Interactive Systems Conference 2021. 1068--1081."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3427314"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3374920.3374983"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_76_1","volume-title":"Quantifying attentional modulation of auditory-evoked cortical responses from single-trial electroencephalography. Frontiers in human neuroscience 7","author":"Choi Inyong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Inyong Choi, Siddharth Rajaram, Lenny A Varghese, and Barbara G Shinn-Cunningham. 2013. Quantifying attentional modulation of auditory-evoked cortical responses from single-trial electroencephalography. Frontiers in human neuroscience 7 (2013), 115."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3446382.3450216"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_78_1","volume-title":"Motion Coupling of Earable Devices in Camera View. In 19th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia. 13--17","author":"Clarke Christopher","year":"2020","unstructured":"Christopher Clarke, Peter Ehrich, and Hans Gellersen. 2020. Motion Coupling of Earable Devices in Camera View. In 19th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia. 13--17."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSMDBS.2008.4575019"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01825.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_81_1","volume-title":"Bodily posture as an indicator of fitness. Research Quarterly","author":"Cureton Thomas K","year":"1941","unstructured":"Thomas K Cureton Jr. 1941. Bodily posture as an indicator of fitness. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation 12, sup2 (1941), 348--367."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3123024.3123087"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591112"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2019.2930312"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_85_1","volume-title":"Maarten De Vos, and Martin Bleichner","author":"Debener Stefan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stefan Debener, Reiner Emkes, Maarten De Vos, and Martin Bleichner. 2015. Unobtrusive ambulatory EEG using a smartphone and flexible printed electrodes around the ear. Scientific reports 5, 1 (2015), 1--11."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/23\/11\/114001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOSMART.2016.7835597"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2016.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3494984","article-title":"Leakage or Identification: Behavior-irrelevant User Identification Leveraging Leakage Current on Laptops","volume":"5","author":"Ding Dian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dian Ding, Lanqing Yang, Yi-Chao Chen, and Guangtao Xue. 2021. Leakage or Identification: Behavior-irrelevant User Identification Leveraging Leakage Current on Laptops. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 4 (2021), 1--23.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/LSENS.2021.3107240","article-title":"Spectral summation with machine learning analysis of tri-axial acceleration from multiple wearable points on human body for better cough detection","volume":"5","author":"Doddabasappla Kruthi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kruthi Doddabasappla and Rushi Vyas. 2021. Spectral summation with machine learning analysis of tri-axial acceleration from multiple wearable points on human body for better cough detection. IEEE Sensors Letters 5, 9 (2021), 1--4.","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_91_1","volume-title":"Statistical and Machine-learning based Recognition of Coughing Events using Tri-axial Accelerometer Sensor data from Multiple Wearable points","author":"Doddabasappla Kruthi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kruthi Doddabasappla and Rushi Vyas. 2021. Statistical and Machine-learning based Recognition of Coughing Events using Tri-axial Accelerometer Sensor data from Multiple Wearable points. IEEE Sensors Letters (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7592023"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiaoran Fan Longfei Shangguan Siddharth Rupavatharam Yanyong Zhang Jie Xiong Yunfei Ma and Richard E Howard. 2021. HeadFi: bringing intelligence to all headphones.. In MobiCom. 147--159.","DOI":"10.1145\/3447993.3448624"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_94_1","volume-title":"Improving speech intelligibility by hearing aid eye-gaze steering: Conditions with head fixated in a multitalker environment. Trends in hearing 22","author":"Favre-Felix Antoine","year":"2018","unstructured":"Antoine Favre-Felix, Carina Graversen, Renskje K Hietkamp, Torsten Dau, and Thomas Lunner. 2018. Improving speech intelligibility by hearing aid eye-gaze steering: Conditions with head fixated in a multitalker environment. Trends in hearing 22 (2018), 2331216518814388."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447993.3483240"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_96_1","volume-title":"Enabling In-Ear Magnetic Sensing: Automatic and User Transparent Magnetometer Calibration. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom). IEEE, 1--8.","author":"Ferlini Andrea","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andrea Ferlini, Alessandro Montanari, Andreas Grammenos, Robert Harle, and Cecilia Mascolo. 2021. Enabling In-Ear Magnetic Sensing: Automatic and User Transparent Magnetometer Calibration. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom). IEEE, 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361131"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2021.3121171"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_99_1","volume-title":"Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010 E-Book: 5 Books in 1","author":"Ferri Fred F","unstructured":"Fred F Ferri. 2009. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7592020"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2306773"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_102_1","unstructured":"]cdrh2021 Center for Devices U.S. Food Radiological Health and Drug Administration. [n. d.]. Pulse Oximeter Accuracy and Limitations. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\/safety-communications\/pulse-oximeter-accuracy-and-limitations-fda-safety-communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479324"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_104_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey on common practice in designing audio in the user interface. In Proceedings of HCI 2007 The 21st British HCI Group Annual Conference University of Lancaster","volume":"21","author":"Frauenberger Christopher","year":"2007","unstructured":"Christopher Frauenberger, Tony Stockman, and Marie-Luce Bourguet. 2007. A survey on common practice in designing audio in the user interface. In Proceedings of HCI 2007 The 21st British HCI Group Annual Conference University of Lancaster, UK 21. 1--9.","journal-title":"UK"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_105_1","volume-title":"Metabolic regulation: a human perspective","author":"Frayn Keith N","unstructured":"Keith N Frayn. 2009. Metabolic regulation: a human perspective. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3410531.3414292"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hfm.20832"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_108_1","volume-title":"Audio Engineering Society Convention 131","author":"Gamper Hannes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hannes Gamper, Sakari Tervo, and Tapio Lokki. 2011. Head orientation tracking using binaural headset microphones. In Audio Engineering Society Convention 131. Audio Engineering Society."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_109_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Voice In Ear: Spoofing-Resistant and Passphrase-Independent Body Sound Authentication","volume":"5","author":"Gao Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Gao, Yincheng Jin, Jagmohan Chauhan, Seokmin Choi, Jiyang Li, and Zhanpeng Jin. 2021. Voice In Ear: Spoofing-Resistant and Passphrase-Independent Body Sound Authentication. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 1 (2021), 1--25.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3351239"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CHASE.2016.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3462244.3479921"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02367308"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3463517"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_115_1","volume-title":"The predictive value of influenza symptomatology in elderly people. Family practice 15, 1","author":"Govaert M","year":"1998","unstructured":"ThM Govaert, GJ Dinant, K Aretz, and JA Knottnerus. 1998. The predictive value of influenza symptomatology in elderly people. Family practice 15, 1 (1998), 16--22."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2471183"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_117_1","volume-title":"Takashi Nakamura, David Looney, David J Sharp, Christos Papavassiliou, Mary J Morrell, and Danilo P Mandic.","author":"Goverdovsky Valentin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valentin Goverdovsky, Wilhelm Von Rosenberg, Takashi Nakamura, David Looney, David J Sharp, Christos Papavassiliou, Mary J Morrell, and Danilo P Mandic. 2017. Hearables: Multimodal physiological in-ear sensing. Scientific reports 7, 1 (2017), 1--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2012.2228854"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1430682"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025808"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_121_1","volume-title":"Frequency and velocity of rotational head perturbations during locomotion. Experimental brain research 70, 3","author":"Grossman Gerard E","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gerard E Grossman, R John Leigh, Larry A Abel, Douglas J Lanska, and SE Thurston. 1988. Frequency and velocity of rotational head perturbations during locomotion. Experimental brain research 70, 3 (1988), 470--476."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010029"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2018.8584814"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2021.3098968"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSD.2008.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2015.2504959"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2019.8857547"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC46164.2021.9629886"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_129_1","first-page":"300","volume-title":"The","author":"Hansenne M","year":"2000","unstructured":"M Hansenne. 2000. The p300 cognitive event-related potential. II. Individual variability and clinical application in psychopathology. Neurophysiologie clinique= Clinical neurophysiology 30, 4 (2000), 211--231."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2750858.2805832"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_131_1","volume-title":"Is sitting-while-at-work associated with low back pain? A systematic, critical literature review. Scandinavian journal of public health 28, 3","author":"Hartvigsen Jan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jan Hartvigsen, Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde, Svend Lings, and Elisabeth H Corder. 2000. Is sitting-while-at-work associated with low back pain? A systematic, critical literature review. Scandinavian journal of public health 28, 3 (2000), 230--239."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_132_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. 92--98","author":"Hashem Omar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Omar Hashem, Khaled Alkiek, Moustafa Youssef, and Khaled A Harras. 2021. Leveraging Earables for Natural Calibration-Free Multi-Device Identiication in Smart Environments. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. 92--98."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2010.5627309"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2459061"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460421.3478820"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6091133"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp20x710381"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361136"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2185677.2185727"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_140_1","volume-title":"Spatial audio for soundscape design: recording and reproduction. Applied sciences 7, 6","author":"Hong Joo Young","year":"2017","unstructured":"Joo Young Hong, Jianjun He, Bhan Lam, Rishabh Gupta, and Woon-Seng Gan. 2017. Spatial audio for soundscape design: recording and reproduction. Applied sciences 7, 6 (2017), 627."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.2968009"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-32322"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3242587.3242629"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7590669"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2018.8512538"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2014.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2477720"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2299772"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2299772"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWW-BCI.2017.7858176"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3494992"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CI-IBBI54220.2021.9626123"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3478129"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWW-BCI.2018.8311519"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7592018"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2015.7319063"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2017.8037338"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2018.8513532"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_159_1","volume-title":"Physiological artifacts in scalp EEG and ear-EEG. Biomedical engineering online 16, 1","author":"Kappel Simon L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Simon L Kappel, David Looney, Danilo P Mandic, and Preben Kidmose. 2017. Physiological artifacts in scalp EEG and ear-EEG. Biomedical engineering online 16, 1 (2017), 1--16."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2018.2835778"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2019.8925449"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_162_1","volume-title":"The role of the neck and trunk in facilitating head stability during walking. Experimental brain research 172, 4","author":"Kavanagh Justin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Justin Kavanagh, Rod Barrett, and Steven Morrison. 2006. The role of the neck and trunk in facilitating head stability during walking. Experimental brain research 172, 4 (2006), 454."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2019.8918700"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2020.3001265"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2018.03367740"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3274783.3275188"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_167_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. 44--49","author":"Khanna Prerna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Prerna Khanna, Tanmay Srivastava, Shijia Pan, Shubham Jain, and Phuc Nguyen. 2021. JawSense: recognizing unvoiced sound using a low-cost ear-worn system. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. 44--49."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2013.6609557"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2012.6345999"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2264956"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3098279.3098538"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479323"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2010.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376162"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2013.6610460"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_176_1","unstructured":"Gregory Kramer Bruce Walker Terri Bonebright Perry Cook John H Flowers Nadine Miner and John Neuhoff. 2010. Sonification report: Status of the field and research agenda. (2010)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/204748730000700209"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-3-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_179_1","volume-title":"The Complete Guide to Hearable Technology","author":"Lambden Duncan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duncan Lambden. 2020. The Complete Guide to Hearable Technology in 2020. https:\/\/www.clearliving.com\/hearing\/technology\/hearables\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_180_1","volume-title":"Looking and acting: vision and eye movements in natural behaviour","author":"Land Michael","unstructured":"Michael Land and Benjamin Tatler. 2009. Looking and acting: vision and eye movements in natural behaviour. Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matias Laporte Preety Baglat Shkurta Gashi Martin Gjoreski Silvia Santini and Marc Langheinrich. 2021. Detecting Verbal and Non-Verbal Gestures Using Earables. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. 165--170.","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479322"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2856767.2856812"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_183_1","volume-title":"Earbud-based sensor for the assessment of energy expenditure, heart rate, and VO2max. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 46, 5","author":"LeBoeuf Steven F","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steven F LeBoeuf, Michael E Aumer, William E Kraus, Johanna L Johnson, and Brian Duscha. 2014. Earbud-based sensor for the assessment of energy expenditure, heart rate, and VO2max. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 46, 5 (2014), 1046."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3242587.3242642"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/11\/4\/046014"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2019.2925799"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3311823.3311869"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NANO.2015.7388829"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2018.1493150"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2017.8325198"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_191_1","volume-title":"Thora-3Di Model T-01 510(k) Premarket Notification. Retrieved","author":"PneumaCare LIMITED.","year":"2021","unstructured":"PneumaCare LIMITED. 2016. Thora-3Di Model T-01 510(k) Premarket Notification. Retrieved October 1, 2021 from https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K151940"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2686612.2686655"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2012.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS51616.2021.00070"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2014.2361205"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_196_1","volume-title":"Brain-Computer Interface Research","author":"Looney David","unstructured":"David Looney, Preben Kidmose, and Danilo P Mandic. 2014. Ear-EEG: user-centered and wearable BCI. In Brain-Computer Interface Research. Springer, 41--50."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPUL.2012.2216717"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6091733"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2530944"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3396339.3396362"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2017.7936013"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2916823"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_203_1","volume-title":"The quantified self","author":"Lupton Deborah","unstructured":"Deborah Lupton. 2016. The quantified self. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"G. Ma W. Zhu J. Zhong T. Tong J. Zhang and L. Wang. 2018. Wearable Ear Blood Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Measurement System Based on PPG. In 2018 IEEE SmartWorld Ubiquitous Intelligence Computing Advanced Trusted Computing Scalable Computing Communications Cloud Big Data Computing Internet of People and Smart City Innovation (SmartWorld\/SCALCOM\/UIC\/ATC\/CBDCom\/IOP\/SCI). 111--116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SmartWorld.2018.00054","DOI":"10.1109\/SmartWorld.2018.00054"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPADS.2017.00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2018.8553015"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_207_1","volume-title":"Advances in physiological computing","author":"Majaranta P\u00e4ivi","unstructured":"P\u00e4ivi Majaranta and Andreas Bulling. 2014. Eye tracking and eye-based human-computer interaction. In Advances in physiological computing. Springer, 39--65."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1125451.1125655"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2047196.2047236"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2493988.2494329"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479328"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_212_1","unstructured":"N Manivannan N Celik and Wamadeva Balachandran. 2016. Evaluation of a behind-the-ear ECG device for smartphone based integrated multiple smart sensor system in health applications. (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FLEPS49123.2020.9239488"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3340293"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2017.2720463"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.568886"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2019.8856821"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361135"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2166966.2167025"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2003.1241409"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025692"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2010.5650512"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2007.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_224_1","volume-title":"How the circulatory system works","author":"Mehler Robert E","unstructured":"Robert E Mehler. 2014. How the circulatory system works. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_225_1","unstructured":"Christopher A Merck Christina Maher Mark Mirtchouk Min Zheng Yuxiao Huang and Samantha Kleinberg. 2016. Multimodality sensing for eating recognition.. In PervasiveHealth. 130--137."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2016.7516246"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2004.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_228_1","volume-title":"Discrimination of Sleep Spindles in Ear-EEG. In 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 6697--6700","author":"Mikkelsen Kaare B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaare B Mikkelsen, Simon L Kappel, Martin C Hemmsen, Mike L Rank, and Preben Kidmose. 2019. Discrimination of Sleep Spindles in Ear-EEG. In 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 6697--6700."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_229_1","volume-title":"EEG recorded from the ear: characterizing the ear-EEG method. Frontiers in neuroscience 9","author":"Mikkelsen Kaare B","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaare B Mikkelsen, Simon L Kappel, Danilo P Mandic, and Preben Kidmose. 2015. EEG recorded from the ear: characterizing the ear-EEG method. Frontiers in neuroscience 9 (2015), 438."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_230_1","volume-title":"Accurate whole-night sleep monitoring with dry-contact ear-EEG. Scientific reports 9, 1","author":"Mikkelsen Kaare B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaare B Mikkelsen, Yousef R Tabar, Simon L Kappel, Christian B Christensen, Hans O Toft, Martin C Hemmsen, Mike L Rank, Marit Otto, and Preben Kidmose. 2019. Accurate whole-night sleep monitoring with dry-contact ear-EEG. Scientific reports 9, 1 (2019), 1--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_231_1","volume-title":"Marit Otto, and Preben Kidmose.","author":"Mikkelsen Kaare B","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaare B Mikkelsen, David Bov\u00e9 Villadsen, Marit Otto, and Preben Kidmose. 2017. Automatic sleep staging using ear-EEG. Biomedical engineering online 16, 1 (2017), 1--15."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3211960.3211970"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341163.3347716"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_234_1","volume-title":"Understanding the impact of symptoms on the burden of COPD. Respiratory research 18, 1","author":"Miravitlles Marc","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marc Miravitlles and Anna Ribera. 2017. Understanding the impact of symptoms on the burden of COPD. Respiratory research 18, 1 (2017), 1--11."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479325"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_236_1","volume-title":"Central nervous system control of metabolism. Nature 491, 7424","author":"Myers Martin G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martin G Myers and David P Olson. 2012. Central nervous system control of metabolism. Nature 491, 7424 (2012), 357--363."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_237_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8760(03)00053-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_238_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2018.8489723"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_239_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2911423"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_240_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2017.2763124"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_241_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3462244.3479922"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_242_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308561.3354636"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_243_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2021.2014321arXiv:https:\/\/10.1080\/17434440.2021.2014321"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_244_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN51625.2021.9507017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_245_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2994551.2994562"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_246_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData52589.2021.9671796"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_247_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3210240.3210322"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_248_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2426656.2426662"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_249_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWPC.2008.4556181"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_250_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424875112"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_251_1","volume-title":"Gavin RH Sandercock, and David A Brodie","author":"Nunan David","year":"2010","unstructured":"David Nunan, Gavin RH Sandercock, and David A Brodie. 2010. A quantitative systematic review of normal values for short-term heart rate variability in healthy adults. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 33, 11 (2010), 1407--1417."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_252_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361138"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_253_1","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Cardiovascular risks of hypertension: lessons from observational studies","volume":"16","author":"O'Donnell Christopher J","year":"1998","unstructured":"Christopher J O'Donnell and William B Kannel. 1998. Cardiovascular risks of hypertension: lessons from observational studies. Journal of hypertension. Supplement: Official Journal of the International Society of Hypertension 16, 6 (1998), S3-7.","journal-title":"Journal of hypertension. Supplement: Official Journal of the International Society of Hypertension"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_254_1","volume-title":"Research (CDER) Food, and Drug Administration.","author":"US Department of Health, Human Services. Food, Drug Administration.","year":"2006","unstructured":"US Department of Health, Human Services. Food, Drug Administration. Center for Drug Evaluation, Research (CDER) Food, and Drug Administration. 2006. Guidance for Industry, Investigating Out-of-Specification (OOS), Test Results for Pharmaceutical Production. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/drugs\/guidances\/ucm070287.pdf [2018-12-02]."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_255_1","volume-title":"Seminars in hearing","author":"Oliveira Robert J","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robert J Oliveira and Gregory Hoeker. 2003. Ear canal anatomy and activity. In Seminars in hearing, Vol. 24. Copyright\u00a9 2003 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New ..., 265--276."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_256_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2015.7318600"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_257_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8255017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_258_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bmt-2019-0306"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_259_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSMDBS.2008.4575009"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_260_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2016.2625271"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_261_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2017.8036949"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_262_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s150923402"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_263_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IE.2011.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_264_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IE.2011.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_265_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19173641"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_266_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/33\/6\/1073"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_267_1","volume-title":"sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Patel Aakash K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aakash K Patel, Vamsi Reddy, and John F Araujo. 2021. Physiology, sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet] (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_268_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Paul S. R. Deiss D. Tourtelotte M. Kleffner T. Zhang and G. Cauwenberghs. 2019. Electrode-Skin Impedance Characterization of In-Ear Electrophysiology Accounting for Cerumen and Electrodermal Response. In 2019 9th International IEEE\/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER). 855--858. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/NER.2019.8716918","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2019.8716918"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_269_1","volume-title":"Attention State Classification with In-Ear EEG. In 2021 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). IEEE, 1--5.","author":"Paul Akshay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akshay Paul, Gopabandhu Hota, Behnam Khaleghi, Yuchen Xu, Tajana Rosing, and Gert Cauwenberghs. 2021. Attention State Classification with In-Ear EEG. In 2021 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). IEEE, 1--5."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_270_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.3008479"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_271_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP39728.2021.9414356"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_272_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3389032"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_273_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBB.2015.7344944"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_274_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073914565517"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_275_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HJ.0000285785.83490.6c"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_276_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/inventions3030048"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_277_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robert Plutchik. 2000. Emotions in the practice of psychotherapy-clinical implications of affect theories. (2000).","DOI":"10.1037\/10366-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_278_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2009.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_279_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2010.2042607"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_280_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361133"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_281_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372224.3419197"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_282_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3032970.3032977"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_283_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PerComWorkshops51409.2021.9430988"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_284_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3384419.3430732"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_285_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3654019"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_286_1","unstructured":"Grand Review Research. 2020. https:\/\/www.grandviewresearch.com\/industry-analysis\/earphone-and-headphone-market"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_287_1","volume-title":"The importance of good hydration for day-to-day health. Nutrition reviews 63, suppl_1","author":"Ritz Patrick","year":"2005","unstructured":"Patrick Ritz and Gilles Berrut. 2005. The importance of good hydration for day-to-day health. Nutrition reviews 63, suppl_1 (2005), S6-S13."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_288_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3410531.3414302"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_289_1","volume-title":"Detecting Episodes of Increased Cough Using Kinetic Earables. In Augmented Humans Conference","author":"R\u00f6ddiger Tobias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tobias R\u00f6ddiger, Michael Beigl, Michael Hefenbrock, Daniel Wolffram, and Erik Pescara. 2021. Detecting Episodes of Increased Cough Using Kinetic Earables. In Augmented Humans Conference 2021. 111--115."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_290_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445205"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_291_1","volume-title":"Wearability and Comfort of Earables During Sleep. In 2021 International Symposium on Wearable Computers. 150--152","author":"R\u00f6ddiger Tobias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tobias R\u00f6ddiger, Christian Dinse, and Michael Beigl. 2021. Wearability and Comfort of Earables During Sleep. In 2021 International Symposium on Wearable Computers. 150--152."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_292_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361130"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_293_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3448121"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_294_1","volume-title":"The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS): from joint injury to osteoarthritis. Health and quality of life outcomes 1, 1","author":"Roos Ewa M","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ewa M Roos and L Stefan Lohmander. 2003. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS): from joint injury to osteoarthritis. Health and quality of life outcomes 1, 1 (2003), 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_295_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345615.3361134"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_296_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077714"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_297_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2634317.2634322"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_298_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/2008-01-2978"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_299_1","volume-title":"Tony Wader, and Harald Hovdal.","author":"Sand Trond","year":"2013","unstructured":"Trond Sand, Marie Bu Kvaloy, Tony Wader, and Harald Hovdal. 2013. Evoked potential tests in clinical diagnosis. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_300_1","volume-title":"Human Interface Society Meeting","volume":"12","author":"Sano Akane","year":"2010","unstructured":"Akane Sano, Takashi Tomita, and Haruo Oba. 2010. Applications using earphone with biosignal sensors. In Human Interface Society Meeting, Vol. 12. Citeseer, 1--6."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_301_1","volume-title":"INTERACT'99: IFIP TC. 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, 30th August-3rd","volume":"1","author":"Angela Sasse M","year":"1999","unstructured":"M Angela Sasse and Chris Johnson. 1999. The perceptual window: Head motion as a new input stream. In Human-computer Interaction, INTERACT'99: IFIP TC. 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, 30th August-3rd September 1999, Edinburgh, UK, Vol. 1. IOS Press, 238."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_302_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/29\/5\/001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_303_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2011.2172411"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_304_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11752967_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_305_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HIC.2016.7797731"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_306_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TENCON.2008.4766645"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_307_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13191-011-0041-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_308_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01124.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_309_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92841-6_127"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_310_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341163.3347725"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_311_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1299\/jamdsm.4.158"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_312_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3361218"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_313_1","volume-title":"Body mapping of sweating patterns in male athletes in mild exercise-induced hyperthermia. European journal of applied physiology 111, 7","author":"Smith Caroline J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Caroline J Smith and George Havenith. 2011. Body mapping of sweating patterns in male athletes in mild exercise-induced hyperthermia. European journal of applied physiology 111, 7 (2011), 1391--1404."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_314_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2008-539"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_315_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02678379508256574"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_316_1","volume-title":"Gray's anatomy e-book: the anatomical basis of clinical practice","author":"Standring Susan","unstructured":"Susan Standring. 2015. Gray's anatomy e-book: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_317_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591789"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_318_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3432701"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_319_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSensT.2011.6137028"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_320_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3397481.3450645"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_321_1","volume-title":"Event-related potential: An overview. Industrial psychiatry journal 18, 1","author":"Sur Shravani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shravani Sur and Vinod Kumar Sinha. 2009. Event-related potential: An overview. Industrial psychiatry journal 18, 1 (2009), 70."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_322_1","volume-title":"Chou's Electrocardiography in Clinical Practice E-Book: Adult and Pediatric","author":"Surawicz Borys","unstructured":"Borys Surawicz and Timothy Knilans. 2008. Chou's Electrocardiography in Clinical Practice E-Book: Adult and Pediatric. Elsevier Health Sciences."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_323_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASCC.2015.7244504"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_324_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOM.2016.7456521"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_325_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89208-3_324"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_326_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479321"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_327_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1520340.1520649"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_328_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18030733"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_329_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2003.1280811"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_330_1","unstructured":"Michal Teplan et al. 2002. Fundamentals of EEG measurement. Measurement science review 2 2 (2002) 1--11."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_331_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2012.6346464"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_332_1","volume-title":"The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Biological psychology 74, 2","author":"Thayer Julian F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Julian F Thayer and Richard D Lane. 2007. The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Biological psychology 74, 2 (2007), 224--242."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_333_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.09.543"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_334_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-9038-7_54"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_335_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SICE.2008.4655049"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_336_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1541\/ieejeiss.137.236"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_337_1","volume-title":"Izard, Levenson, and Panksepp and Watt. Emotion review 3, 4","author":"Tracy Jessica L","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jessica L Tracy and Daniel Randles. 2011. Four models of basic emotions: a review of Ekman and Cordaro, Izard, Levenson, and Panksepp and Watt. Emotion review 3, 4 (2011), 397--405."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_338_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21092953"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_339_1","volume-title":"Variables influencing heart rate. Progress in cardiovascular diseases 52, 1","author":"Valentini Mariaconsuelo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mariaconsuelo Valentini and Gianfranco Parati. 2009. Variables influencing heart rate. Progress in cardiovascular diseases 52, 1 (2009), 11--19."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_340_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"Gait, balance, and fall prevention","volume":"3","author":"Vaught Susan L","year":"2001","unstructured":"Susan L Vaught. 2001. Gait, balance, and fall prevention. Ochsner Journal 3, 2 (2001), 94--97.","journal-title":"Ochsner Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_341_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2015.7299367"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_342_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2316\/P.2017.852-044"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_343_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JTEHM.2013.2277870"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_344_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3478085"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_345_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2009.2033268"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_346_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2007.4352554"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_347_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4649202"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_348_1","volume-title":"Hearables: Feasibility of recording cardiac rhythms from head and in-ear locations","author":"von Rosenberg Wilhelm","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wilhelm von Rosenberg, Theerasak Chanwimalueang, Valentin Goverdovsky, Nicholas S Peters, Christos Papavassiliou, and Danilo P Mandic. 2017. Hearables: Feasibility of recording cardiac rhythms from head and in-ear locations. Royal Society open science 4, 11 (2017), 171214."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_349_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBBE.2008.669"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_350_1","volume-title":"Ben Brumpton, Bendik S Winsvold, Katri Kantoj\u00e4rvi, et al.","author":"Wang Heming","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heming Wang, Jacqueline M Lane, Samuel E Jones, Hassan S Dashti, Hanna M Ollila, Andrew R Wood, Vincent T Van Hees, Ben Brumpton, Bendik S Winsvold, Katri Kantoj\u00e4rvi, et al. 2019. Genome-wide association analysis of self-reported daytime sleepiness identiies 42 loci that suggest biological subtypes. Nature communications 10, 1 (2019), 1--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_351_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WEROB.2017.8383845"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_352_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2007.910900"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_353_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2015.7318845"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_354_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3448098","article-title":"EarDynamic: An Ear Canal Deformation Based Continuous User Authentication Using In-Ear Wearables","volume":"5","author":"Wang Zi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zi Wang, Sheng Tan, Linghan Zhang, Yili Ren, Zhi Wang, and Jie Yang. 2021. EarDynamic: An Ear Canal Deformation Based Continuous User Authentication Using In-Ear Wearables. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 1 (2021), 1--27.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_355_1","volume-title":"Design of pulse oximeters","author":"Webster John G","unstructured":"John G Webster. 1997. Design of pulse oximeters. CRC Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_356_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702391"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_357_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Development and preliminary evaluation of an earmold sound-to-tactile aid for the hearing-impaired","volume":"24","author":"Weisenberger J","year":"1987","unstructured":"J Weisenberger, A Heidbreder, and J Miller. 1987. Development and preliminary evaluation of an earmold sound-to-tactile aid for the hearing-impaired. J Rehabil Res Dev 24 (1987), 51--66.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_358_1","volume-title":"Luc JC Van Loon, and Wouter D Marken Lichtenbelt","author":"Wendt Dani\u00ebl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dani\u00ebl Wendt, Luc JC Van Loon, and Wouter D Marken Lichtenbelt. 2007. Thermoregulation during exercise in the heat. Sports medicine 37, 8 (2007), 669--682."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_359_1","volume-title":"Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON)","author":"Wijam Boonyanuch","unstructured":"Boonyanuch Wijam and Yodchanan Wongsawat. 2021. An Investigation on Alpha-Beta Ratio of EarEEG System. In 2021 18th International Conference on Electrical Engineering\/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON). IEEE, 1117--1120."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_360_1","unstructured":"Oliver J Woodman. 2007. An introduction to inertial navigation. Technical Report. University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_361_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376836"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_362_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3332165.3347950"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_363_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287076"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_364_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2370216.2370368"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_365_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCAS.2008.4694635"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_366_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Clint Zeagler. 2017. Where to wear it: functional technical and social considerations in on-body location for wearable technology 20 years of designing for wearability. 150--157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3123021.3123042","DOI":"10.1145\/3123021.3123042"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_367_1","volume-title":"Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement in the Ear. In 2019 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical & Health Informatics (BHI). IEEE, 1--4.","author":"Zeilfelder Jennifer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jennifer Zeilfelder, Matthias Diehl, Christian Pylatiuk, and Wilhelm Stork. 2019. Concept for a Permanent, Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement in the Ear. In 2019 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical & Health Informatics (BHI). IEEE, 1--4."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_368_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2008.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_369_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UEMCON.2017.8249110"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_370_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC46164.2021.9629993"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_371_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haibin Zhao Tobias R\u00f6ddiger and Michael Beigl. 2021. AirCase: Earable Charging Case with Air Quality Monitoring and Soundscape Sonification. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. 180--184.","DOI":"10.1145\/3460418.3479329"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3550314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3550314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T04:43:52Z","timestamp":1752468232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3550314"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Literature Review and Taxonomy of Phenomena"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"references-count":371,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3550314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3550314","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-9567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-9567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}