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Storage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Object-based storage systems have been widely used for various scenarios such as file storage, block storage, blob (e.g., large videos) storage, and so on, where the data is placed among a large number of object storage devices (OSDs). Data placement is critical for the scalability of decentralized object-based storage systems. The state-of-the-art CRUSH placement method is a decentralized algorithm that deterministically places object replicas onto storage devices without relying on a central directory. While enjoying the benefits of decentralization such as high scalability, robustness, and performance, CRUSH-based storage systems suffer from\n            <jats:italic>uncontrolled<\/jats:italic>\n            data migration when expanding the capacity of the storage clusters (i.e., adding new OSDs), which is determined by the nature of CRUSH and will cause significant performance degradation when the expansion is nontrivial.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            This article presents\n            <jats:sc>MapX<\/jats:sc>\n            , a novel extension to CRUSH that uses an extra time-dimension mapping (from object creation times to cluster expansion times) for controlling data migration after cluster expansions. Each expansion is viewed as a new layer of the CRUSH map represented by a virtual node beneath the CRUSH root.\n            <jats:sc>MapX<\/jats:sc>\n            controls the mapping from objects onto layers by manipulating the timestamps of the intermediate placement groups (PGs).\n            <jats:sc>MapX<\/jats:sc>\n            is applicable to a large variety of object-based storage scenarios where object timestamps can be maintained as higher-level metadata. We have applied\n            <jats:sc>MapX<\/jats:sc>\n            to the state-of-the-art Ceph-RBD (RADOS Block Device) to implement a migration-controllable, decentralized object-based block store (called\n            <jats:sc>Oasis<\/jats:sc>\n            ).\n            <jats:sc>Oasis<\/jats:sc>\n            extends the RBD metadata structure to maintain and retrieve approximate object creation times (for migration control) at the granularity of expansion layers. Experimental results show that the\n            <jats:sc>MapX<\/jats:sc>\n            -based\n            <jats:sc>Oasis<\/jats:sc>\n            block store outperforms the CRUSH-based Ceph-RBD (which is busy in migrating objects after expansions) by 3.17\u00d7 \u223c 4.31\u00d7 in tail latency, and 76.3% (respectively, 83.8%) in IOPS for reads (respectively, writes).\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3568424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T10:27:26Z","timestamp":1668853646000},"page":"1-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>Oasis<\/scp>\n            : Controlling Data Migration in Expansion of Object-based Storage Systems"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6450-8485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NICEX Lab, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2192-9674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kylin Software, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7967-0036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shun","family":"Gai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NICEX Lab, School of Computer, NUDT, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3733-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiwen","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NICEX Lab, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9439-4781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, SJTU, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4085-8437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenlong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer, NUDT, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1617-3593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangtao","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, SJTU, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7362-2789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiwu","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiamen University and Tsinghua University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"RedHat Team. 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