{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T10:27:48Z","timestamp":1783765668980,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Storage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Predictable latency on flash storage is a long-pursuit goal, yet unpredictability stays due to the unavoidable disturbance from many well-known SSD internal activities. To combat this issue, the recent NVMe IO Determinism (IOD) interface advocates host-level controls to SSD internal management tasks. Although promising, challenges remain on how to exploit it for truly predictable performance.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            We present\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            ,\n            <jats:xref ref-type=\"fn\">\n              <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            <\/jats:xref>\n            an I\/O deterministic flash array design built on top of small but powerful extensions to the IOD interface for easy deployment.\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            exploits data redundancy in the context of IOD for a strong latency predictability contract. In\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            , SSDs are expected to quickly fail an I\/O on purpose to allow predictable I\/Os through proactive data reconstruction. In the case of concurrent internal operations,\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            introduces busy remaining time exposure and predictable-latency-window formulation to guarantee predictable data reconstructions. Overall,\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            only adds five new fields to the NVMe interface and a small modification in the flash firmware while keeping most of the complexity in the host OS. Our evaluation shows that\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            improves the 95\u201399.99\n            <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n            latencies by up to 75\u00d7.\n            <jats:sc>IODA<\/jats:sc>\n            is also the nearest to the ideal, no disturbance case compared to seven state-of-the-art preemption, suspension, GC coordination, partitioning, tiny-tail flash controller, prediction, and proactive approaches.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3568427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T10:27:26Z","timestamp":1668853646000},"page":"1-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Extending and Programming the NVMe I\/O Determinism Interface for Flash Arrays"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3155-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaicheng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago and Carnegie Mellon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5796-2599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin L.","family":"Putra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9944-9390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5936-5264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadhil I.","family":"Kurnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9620-2704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NetApp"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1275-1621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaeyoung","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2065-6675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Achmad Imam","family":"Kistijantoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bandung Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3065-7316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory R.","family":"Ganger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3680-8450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haryadi S.","family":"Gunawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP\u201921)","author":"Li Huaicheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huaicheng Li, Martin L. 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