{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T21:32:31Z","timestamp":1775079151370,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":32,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14209320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14209320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3569052.3571878","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T17:51:55Z","timestamp":1679507515000},"page":"229-237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Security Closure of IC Layouts Against Hardware Trojans"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9960-2711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangzhou","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1603-6211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qijing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2216-2855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bangqi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0718-1003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8076-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9932-6833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilas","family":"Alrahis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0782-0397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozgur","family":"Sinanoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5093-2939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johann","family":"Knechtel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7348-5625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsung-Yi","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0623-1590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangeline F.Y.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"1529","article-title":"SCOPE","volume":"29","author":"Alaql A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. Alaql et al. 2021. SCOPE: Synthesis-Based Constant Propagation Attack on Logic Locking. Trans. VLSI, Vol. 29, 8 (2021), 1529--1542.","journal-title":"Synthesis-Based Constant Propagation Attack on Logic Locking. Trans. VLSI"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/DATE54114.2022.9774603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1602","article-title":"OMLA","volume":"69","author":"Alrahis L.","year":"2022","unstructured":"L. Alrahis et al. 2022b. OMLA: An Oracle-Less Machine Learning-Based Attack on Logic Locking. TCS, Vol. 69, 3 (2022), 1602--1606.","journal-title":"An Oracle-Less Machine Learning-Based Attack on Logic Locking. TCS"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECCTD.2015.7300093"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISVLSI.2016.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AsianHOST.2018.8607163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","first-page":"1370","article-title":"Hardware Trojan Detection in Third-Party Digital Intellectual Property Cores by Multilevel Feature Analysis","volume":"37","author":"Chen X.","year":"2018","unstructured":"X. Chen et al. 2018. Hardware Trojan Detection in Third-Party Digital Intellectual Property Cores by Multilevel Feature Analysis. TCAD, Vol. 37, 7 (2018), 1370--1383.","journal-title":"TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","first-page":"4496","article-title":"Novel Design Strategy Toward A2 Trojan Detection Based on Built-In Acceleration Structure","volume":"39","author":"Deng D.","year":"2020","unstructured":"D. Deng et al. 2020. Novel Design Strategy Toward A2 Trojan Detection Based on Built-In Acceleration Structure. TCAD, Vol. 39, 12 (2020), 4496--4509.","journal-title":"TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Chips: A Survey for Detection and Prevention. Sensors","author":"Dong C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. Dong et al. 2020. Hardware Trojans in Chips: A Survey for Detection and Prevention. Sensors, Vol. 20, 18 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOLTS.2014.6873671"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proc. ISVLSI. 290--295","author":"Guimar L. A.","unstructured":"L. A. Guimar aes et al. 2017. Detection of Layout-Level Trojans by Monitoring Substrate with Preexisting Built-in Sensors. In Proc. ISVLSI. 290--295."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/DATE.2019.8714906"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proc. ISVLSI.","author":"Hossein-Talaee H.","unstructured":"H. Hossein-Talaee and A. Jahanian. 2017. Layout Vulnerability Reduction against Trojan Insertion Using Security-Aware White Space Distribution. In Proc. ISVLSI."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HST.2018.8383914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"W. Hu et al. 2020. An Overview of Hardware Security and Trust: Threats Countermeasures and Design Tools. TCAD (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Proc. ISQED. 213--218","author":"Karmakar R.","unstructured":"R. Karmakar and S. Chattopadhyay. 2020. On Securing Scan Obfuscation Strategies Against ScanSAT Attack. In Proc. ISQED. 213--218."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Proc. ICCAD. 1--9.","author":"Knechtel J.","year":"2021","unstructured":"J. Knechtel et al. 2021. Security Closure of Physical Layouts. In Proc. ICCAD. 1--9."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3505170.3511046"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/DATE.2017.7927244"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"2325","volume-title":"NanGate FreePDK45 Open Cell Library","unstructured":"Nangate Inc 2011. NanGate FreePDK45 Open Cell Library. Nangate Inc. http: \/\/www.nangate.com\/?page_id=2325"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2019.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOLTS.2016.7604712"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCAD.2011.6105292"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Trojan Scanner: Detecting Hardware Trojans with Rapid SEM Imaging combined with Image Processing and Machine Learning. In ISTFA.","author":"Vashistha N.","year":"2018","unstructured":"N. Vashistha et al. 2018. Trojan Scanner: Detecting Hardware Trojans with Rapid SEM Imaging combined with Image Processing and Machine Learning. In ISTFA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3391890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"\u0160i\u0161ejkovi\u0107 et al","author":"D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"D. \u0160i\u0161ejkovi\u0107 et al. 2019. Control-Lock: Securing Processor Cores Against Software-Controlled Hardware Trojans. In Proc. GLSVLSI. 27--32."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"1716","article-title":"Deceptive Logic Locking for Hardware Integrity Protection Against Machine Learning Attacks","volume":"41","author":"\u0160i\u0161ejkovi\u0107 D.","year":"2022","unstructured":"D. \u0160i\u0161ejkovi\u0107, F. Merchant, L. M. Reimann, and R. Leupers. 2022. Deceptive Logic Locking for Hardware Integrity Protection Against Machine Learning Attacks. TCAD, Vol. 41, 6 (2022), 1716--1729.","journal-title":"TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"F. Wang et al. 2022. Baseline and Protected Layouts. https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1A_Cy6w2n31_wuPKVayz50R-1lfXfC4vH?usp=sharing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","first-page":"1778","article-title":"A Novel Built-In Self-Authentication Technique to Prevent Inserting Hardware Trojans","volume":"33","author":"Xiao K.","year":"2014","unstructured":"K. Xiao et al. 2014. A Novel Built-In Self-Authentication Technique to Prevent Inserting Hardware Trojans. TCAD, Vol. 33, 12 (2014), 1778--1791.","journal-title":"TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"TODAES","volume":"22","author":"Xiao K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"K. Xiao et al. 2016. Hardware Trojans: Lessons Learned After One Decade of Research. TODAES, Vol. 22, 1 (2016), 6:1--6:23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Proc. SP. 18--37","author":"Yang K.","unstructured":"K. Yang, M. Hicks, Q. Dong, T. Austin, and D. Sylvester. 2016. A2: Analog Malicious Hardware. In Proc. SP. 18--37."}],"event":{"name":"ISPD '23: International Symposium on Physical Design","location":"Virtual Event USA","acronym":"ISPD '23","sponsor":["SIGDA ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automation"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2023 International Symposium on Physical Design"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3569052.3571878","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3569052.3571878","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T19:00:04Z","timestamp":1750186804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3569052.3571878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3569052.3571878","10.1145\/3569052"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3569052.3571878","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}