{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:53:20Z","timestamp":1769216000151,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":38,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-1839966 and SES-1840120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-1839966 and SES-1840120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3576050.3576079","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T23:18:46Z","timestamp":1677021526000},"page":"208-218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effects of Modalities in Detecting Behavioral Engagement in Collaborative Game-Based Learning"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4802-3979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahmid Morshed","family":"Fahid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7782-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-4699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bradford","family":"Mott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6497-1840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Vandenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3993-2425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halim","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5068-4784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Brush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3412-4218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krista","family":"Glazewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2275-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cindy","family":"Hmelo-Silver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1481-6601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Lester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University, United States"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12716"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2883851.2883939"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Eda Okur, Ece Oktay, Nese Alyuz, Utku Ergin Genc, David Stanhill, and Asli Arslan Esme.","author":"Aslan Sinem","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sinem Aslan, Sinem Emine Mete, Eda Okur, Ece Oktay, Nese Alyuz, Utku Ergin Genc, David Stanhill, and Asli Arslan Esme. 2017. Human expert labeling process (HELP): Towards a reliable higher-order user state labeling process and tool to assess student engagement. Educational Technology (2017), 53\u201359. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/44430540"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2009.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-015-9167-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-52237-7_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/003465431879158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 203\u2013208","author":"D'Mello Sidney","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sidney D'Mello and Art Graesser. 2007. Monitoring affective trajectories during complex learning. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 203\u2013208. Retrieved from https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/6p18v65q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2682899"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.","author":"D'Mello Sidney S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sidney S D'Mello, Patrick Chipman, and Art Graesser. 2007. Posture as a predictor of learner's affective engagement. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Retrieved from https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/7hs9v2hr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24600-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-11647-6_38"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTEL.2020.110047"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2019.100284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICVRV47840.2019.00038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2014.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0305764X.2016.1259389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW56347.2022.00228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2021.1984949"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20236856"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40692-020-00166-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2460296.2460320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3448139.3448178"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24258-3_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22318\/cscl2021.197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0735633120979836"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3375462.3375498"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2009.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3139513.3139514"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2014.2316163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-021-09628-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3170358.3170420"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-017-0160-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbe2.188"}],"event":{"name":"LAK 2023: 13th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference","location":"Arlington TX USA","acronym":"LAK 2023"},"container-title":["LAK23: 13th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3576050.3576079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3576050.3576079","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3576050.3576079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T17:49:40Z","timestamp":1750182580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3576050.3576079"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3576050.3576079","10.1145\/3576050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3576050.3576079","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}