{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:45:23Z","timestamp":1790210723751,"version":"4.1.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":43,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["2021R1A5A1021944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A5A1021944"]}]},{"name":"Institute for Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP)","award":["2022-0-00995"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-0-00995"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3576915.3623186","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T12:35:13Z","timestamp":1700570113000},"page":"2351-2365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Simplifying Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Obfuscation by Program Synthesis and Term Rewriting"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8307-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaehyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1884-619X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woosuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Irdeto Cloaked CA: a secure flexible and cost-effective CA system. https:\/\/irdeto.com\/video-entertainment\/conditional-access-system\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"[n. d.]. The Tigress C Diversifier\/Obfuscator. http:\/\/tigress.cs.arizona.edu\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FMCAD.2013.6679385"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems","author":"Alur Rajeev","unstructured":"Rajeev Alur, Arjun Radhakrishna, and Abhishek Udupa. 2017. Scaling Enumerative Program Synthesis via Divide and Conquer. In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, Axel Legay and Tiziana Margaria (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 319--336."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Term Rewriting and All That","author":"Baader Franz","unstructured":"Franz Baader and Tobias Nipkow. 1998. Term Rewriting and All That. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, USA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1168857.1168906"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3428295"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Clark W. Barrett Aaron Stump and Cesare Tinelli. 2010. The SMT-LIB Standard Version 2.0."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Fabrizio Biondi S\u00e9bastien Josse and Axel Legay. 2016. Bypassing Malware Obfuscation with Dynamic Synthesis. https:\/\/ercim-news.ercim.eu\/en106\/special\/bypassing-malware-obfuscation-with-dynamic-synthesis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Syntia: Synthesizing the Semantics of Obfuscated Code. In 26th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 17)","author":"Blazytko Tim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tim Blazytko, Moritz Contag, Cornelius Aschermann, and Thorsten Holz. 2017. Syntia: Synthesizing the Semantics of Obfuscated Code. In 26th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 17). USENIX Association, Vancouver, BC, 643--659. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity17\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/blazytko"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Boolector: An Efficient SMT Solver for Bit-Vectors and Arrays. In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems","author":"Brummayer Robert","year":"2009","unstructured":"Robert Brummayer and Armin Biere. 2009. Boolector: An Efficient SMT Solver for Bit-Vectors and Arrays. In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, Stefan Kowalewski and Anna Philippou (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 174--177."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338503.3357722"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Optgen: A Generator for Local Optimizations","author":"Buchwald Sebastian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sebastian Buchwald. 2015. Optgen: A Generator for Local Optimizations. In Compiler Construction, Bj\u00f6rn Franke (Ed.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 171--189."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Benjamin Caulfield Markus N. Rabe Sanjit A. Seshia and Stavros Tripakis. 2015. What's Decidable about Syntax-Guided Synthesis?arxiv: 1510.08393 [cs.LO]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"C. S. Collberg S. Martin J. Myers and B. Zimmerman. [n. d.]. Documentation for arithmetic encodings in tigress. http:\/\/tigress.cs.arizona.edu\/transformPage\/docs\/encodeArithmetic."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/bar.2020.23009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78800-3_24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2995306.2995308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.56"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Dill","author":"Ganesh Vijay","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vijay Ganesh and David L. Dill. 2007. A Decision Procedure for Bit-Vectors and Arrays. In Computer Aided Verification, Werner Damm and Holger Hermanns (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 519--531."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338503.3357721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Arybo: Manipulation, Canonicalization and Identification of Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Symbolic Expressions. In GreHack 2016 (Proceedings of GreHack","author":"Guinet Adrien","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adrien Guinet, Ninon Eyrolles, and Marion Videau. 2016. Arybo: Manipulation, Canonicalization and Identification of Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Symbolic Expressions. In GreHack 2016 (Proceedings of GreHack 2016). Grenoble, France. https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-01390528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Program Synthesis","author":"Gulwani Sumit","unstructured":"Sumit Gulwani, Alex Polozov, and Rishabh Singh. 2017. Program Synthesis. Vol. 4. NOW. 1-119 pages. https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/publication\/program-synthesis\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341301.3359630"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3385412.3385996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3434335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3192366.3192410"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1375696.1375702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"MBA-Blast: Unveiling and Simplifying Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Obfuscation. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21)","author":"Liu Binbin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Binbin Liu, Junfu Shen, Jiang Ming, Qilong Zheng, Jing Li, and Dongpeng Xu. 2021. MBA-Blast: Unveiling and Simplifying Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Obfuscation. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21). USENIX Association, 1701--1718. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity21\/presentation\/liu-binbin"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","unstructured":"MapleSoft. [n. d.]. The Essential Tool for Mathematics. https:\/\/www. maplesoft.com\/products\/maple\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460120.3485250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"DRM Obfuscation Versus Auxiliary Attacks. In REcon Conference.","author":"Mougey Camille","year":"2014","unstructured":"Camille Mougey and Francis Gabriel. 2014. DRM Obfuscation Versus Auxiliary Attacks. In REcon Conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Ninon Eyrolles. 2017. Obfuscation with Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Expressions: Reconstruction Analysis and Simplification Tools. PhD. Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay. https:\/\/blog.quarkslab.com\/resources\/2017-06-09-nouthese-soutenance\/thesis.pdf https:\/\/github.com\/quarkslab\/sspam\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3560831.3564256"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Robust Malware Analysis, WORMA'23","author":"Reichenwallner Benjamin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Benjamin Reichenwallner and Peter Meerwald-Stadler. 2023. Simplification of General Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Expressions: GAMBA. https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2305.06763. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Robust Malware Analysis, WORMA'23, co-located with the 8th IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy. IEEE, Delft, The Netherlands."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"SageMath. [n. d.]. SageMath. http:\/\/www.sagemath.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Souper: A Synthesizing Superoptimizer. CoRR","author":"Sasnauskas Raimondas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Raimondas Sasnauskas, Yang Chen, Peter Collingbourne, Jeroen Ketema, Jubi Taneja, and John Regehr. 2017. Souper: A Synthesizing Superoptimizer. CoRR, Vol. abs\/1711.04422 (2017). arxiv: 1711.04422 http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1711.04422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2451116.2451150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Loki: Hardening Code Obfuscation Against Automated Attacks. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22)","author":"Schloegel Moritz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moritz Schloegel, Tim Blazytko, Moritz Contag, Cornelius Aschermann, Julius Basler, Thorsten Holz, and Ali Abbasi. 2022. Loki: Hardening Code Obfuscation Against Automated Attacks. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22). USENIX Association, Boston, MA, 3055--3073. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity22\/presentation\/schloegel"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","unstructured":"Wolfram. [n. d.]. Wolfram Mathematica. http:\/\/www. wolfram.com\/mathematica\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3453483.3454068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3591288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Information Hiding in Software with Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Transforms","author":"Zhou Yongxin","unstructured":"Yongxin Zhou, Alec Main, Yuan X. Gu, and Harold Johnson. 2007. Information Hiding in Software with Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic Transforms. In Information Security Applications, Sehun Kim, Moti Yung, and Hyung-Woo Lee (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 61--75."}],"event":{"name":"CCS '23: ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","location":"Copenhagen Denmark","acronym":"CCS '23","sponsor":["SIGSAC ACM Special Interest Group on Security, Audit, and Control"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3576915.3623186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3576915.3623186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T01:47:30Z","timestamp":1755740850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3576915.3623186"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3576915.3623186","10.1145\/3576915"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3576915.3623186","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}