{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:09:16Z","timestamp":1750219756747,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":45,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3577190.3614123","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T22:30:48Z","timestamp":1696717848000},"page":"584-593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards Autonomous Physiological Signal Extraction From Thermal Videos Using Deep Learning"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9920-4668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kapotaksha","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Information Science, University of Michigan-Dearborn, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5351-5778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abouelenien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3968-7343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihai G.","family":"Burzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan-Flint, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7629-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Elson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ford Motor Company, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8392-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwaku","family":"Prakah-Asante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ford Motor Company, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2603-4885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clay","family":"Maranville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ford Motor Company, United States"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Thermal Imaging for Detecting Elevated Body Temperature. https:\/\/www.flir.com\/discover\/public-safety\/thermal-imaging-for-detecting-elevated-body-temperature\/. Accessed: 2022-03-22.  [n. d.]. Thermal Imaging for Detecting Elevated Body Temperature. https:\/\/www.flir.com\/discover\/public-safety\/thermal-imaging-for-detecting-elevated-body-temperature\/. Accessed: 2022-03-22."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Neonatal non-contact respiratory monitoring based on real-time infrared thermography. Biomedical engineering online 10, 1","author":"Abbas K","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abbas\u00a0 K Abbas , Konrad Heimann , Katrin Jergus , Thorsten Orlikowsky , and Steffen Leonhardt . 2011. Neonatal non-contact respiratory monitoring based on real-time infrared thermography. Biomedical engineering online 10, 1 ( 2011 ), 1\u201317. Abbas\u00a0K Abbas, Konrad Heimann, Katrin Jergus, Thorsten Orlikowsky, and Steffen Leonhardt. 2011. Neonatal non-contact respiratory monitoring based on real-time infrared thermography. Biomedical engineering online 10, 1 (2011), 1\u201317."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Applying Internet of Things and Machine-Learning for Personalized Healthcare: Issues and Challenges. In 2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Engineering (iCMLDE). 19\u201321","author":"Ahamed Farhad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Farhad Ahamed and Farnaz Farid . 2018 . Applying Internet of Things and Machine-Learning for Personalized Healthcare: Issues and Challenges. In 2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Engineering (iCMLDE). 19\u201321 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iCMLDE.2018.00014 10.1109\/iCMLDE.2018.00014 Farhad Ahamed and Farnaz Farid. 2018. Applying Internet of Things and Machine-Learning for Personalized Healthcare: Issues and Challenges. In 2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Engineering (iCMLDE). 19\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iCMLDE.2018.00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","first-page":"1748","article-title":"Respiratory rate measurement in children using a thermal camera","volume":"6","author":"Al-Kalidi Farah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Farah Al-Kalidi , Heather Elphick , Reza Saatchi , and Derek Burke . 2015 . Respiratory rate measurement in children using a thermal camera . International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 6 , 4 (2015), 1748 \u2013 1756 . Farah Al-Kalidi, Heather Elphick, Reza Saatchi, and Derek Burke. 2015. Respiratory rate measurement in children using a thermal camera. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 6, 4 (2015), 1748\u20131756.","journal-title":"International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.008417"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051541"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.2013.6728246"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2021.100058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0157-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Thermal infrared imaging-based computational psychophysiology for psychometrics. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine 2015","author":"Cardone Daniela","year":"2015","unstructured":"Daniela Cardone , Paola Pinti , and Arcangelo Merla . 2015. Thermal infrared imaging-based computational psychophysiology for psychometrics. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine 2015 ( 2015 ). Daniela Cardone, Paola Pinti, and Arcangelo Merla. 2015. Thermal infrared imaging-based computational psychophysiology for psychometrics. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine 2015 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE-Taiwan49838.2020.9258129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infrared.2017.01.002"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_13_1.1","unstructured":"Robert David Jared Duke Advait Jain Vijay\u00a0Janapa Reddi Nat Jeffries Jian Li Nick Kreeger Ian Nappier Meghna Natraj Shlomi Regev Rocky Rhodes Tiezhen Wang and Pete Warden. 2020. TensorFlow Lite Micro: Embedded Machine Learning on TinyML Systems. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.2010.08678 10.48550\/ARXIV.2010.08678"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_13_1.2","unstructured":"Robert David Jared Duke Advait Jain Vijay\u00a0Janapa Reddi Nat Jeffries Jian Li Nick Kreeger Ian Nappier Meghna Natraj Shlomi Regev Rocky Rhodes Tiezhen Wang and Pete Warden. 2020. TensorFlow Lite Micro: Embedded Machine Learning on TinyML Systems. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.2010.08678"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000490546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","article-title":"Non-Contact Sensor for Long-Term Continuous Vital Signs Monitoring","volume":"17","author":"Hall Travis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Travis Hall , Donald Y.\u00a0C. Lie , Tam\u00a0 Q. Nguyen , Jill\u00a0 C. Mayeda , Paul\u00a0 E. Lie , Jerry Lopez , and Ron\u00a0 E. Banister . 2017 . Non-Contact Sensor for Long-Term Continuous Vital Signs Monitoring : A Review on Intelligent Phased-Array Doppler Sensor Design. Sensors 17 , 11 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s17112632 10.3390\/s17112632 Travis Hall, Donald Y.\u00a0C. Lie, Tam\u00a0Q. Nguyen, Jill\u00a0C. Mayeda, Paul\u00a0E. Lie, Jerry Lopez, and Ron\u00a0E. Banister. 2017. Non-Contact Sensor for Long-Term Continuous Vital Signs Monitoring: A Review on Intelligent Phased-Array Doppler Sensor Design. Sensors 17, 11 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s17112632","journal-title":"A Review on Intelligent Phased-Array Doppler Sensor Design. Sensors"},{"volume-title":"From Natural to Artificial Neural Computation, Jos\u00e9 Mira and Francisco Sandoval (Eds.)","author":"Han Jun","key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Jun Han and Claudio Moraga . 1995. The influence of the sigmoid function parameters on the speed of backpropagation learning . In From Natural to Artificial Neural Computation, Jos\u00e9 Mira and Francisco Sandoval (Eds.) . Springer Berlin Heidelberg , Berlin, Heidelberg , 195\u2013201. Jun Han and Claudio Moraga. 1995. The influence of the sigmoid function parameters on the speed of backpropagation learning. In From Natural to Artificial Neural Computation, Jos\u00e9 Mira and Francisco Sandoval (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 195\u2013201."},{"volume-title":"Thermal Imaging Techniques to Survey and Monitor Animals in the Wild : a Methodology","author":"Havens Kirk","key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Kirk Havens . 2015. Thermal Imaging Techniques to Survey and Monitor Animals in the Wild : a Methodology . Academic Press Imprint,Elsevier Science & Technology Books , San Diego. Kirk Havens. 2015. Thermal Imaging Techniques to Survey and Monitor Animals in the Wild : a Methodology. Academic Press Imprint,Elsevier Science & Technology Books, San Diego."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CRV50864.2020.00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190466"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Switzerland) 20, 21 (05","author":"Jakkaew Prasara","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prasara Jakkaew and Takao Onoye . 2020. Non-Contact Respiration Monitoring and Body Movements Detection for Sleep Using Thermal Imaging. Sensors (Basel , Switzerland) 20, 21 (05 Nov 2020 ), 6307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20216307 33167556[pmid]. 10.3390\/s20216307 Prasara Jakkaew and Takao Onoye. 2020. Non-Contact Respiration Monitoring and Body Movements Detection for Sleep Using Thermal Imaging. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 20, 21 (05 Nov 2020), 6307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20216307 33167556[pmid]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.12884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Yoonkyoung Kim Yosep Park and Eui\u00a0Chul Lee. 2018. Remote Heart Rate Monitoring Method Using Infrared Thermal Camera.  Yoonkyoung Kim Yosep Park and Eui\u00a0Chul Lee. 2018. Remote Heart Rate Monitoring Method Using Infrared Thermal Camera."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Kingma and Jimmy Ba","author":"P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Diederik\u00a0 P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba . 2015 . Adam : A Method for Stochastic Optimization. In 3rd International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2015, San Diego, CA, USA, May 7-9, 2015, Conference Track Proceedings, Yoshua Bengio and Yann LeCun (Eds .). http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1412.6980 Diederik\u00a0P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba. 2015. Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization. In 3rd International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2015, San Diego, CA, USA, May 7-9, 2015, Conference Track Proceedings, Yoshua Bengio and Yann LeCun (Eds.). http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1412.6980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Improving Accuracy of Contactless Respiratory Rate Estimation by Enhancing Thermal Sequences with Deep Neural Networks. Applied Sciences 9, 20","author":"Kwasniewska Alicja","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alicja Kwasniewska , Jacek Ruminski , and Maciej Szankin . 2019. Improving Accuracy of Contactless Respiratory Rate Estimation by Enhancing Thermal Sequences with Deep Neural Networks. Applied Sciences 9, 20 ( 2019 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app9204405 10.3390\/app9204405 Alicja Kwasniewska, Jacek Ruminski, and Maciej Szankin. 2019. Improving Accuracy of Contactless Respiratory Rate Estimation by Enhancing Thermal Sequences with Deep Neural Networks. Applied Sciences 9, 20 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app9204405"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infrared.2012.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Unobtrusive Vital Sign Monitoring in Automotive Environments\u2014A Review. Sensors 18, 9","author":"Leonhardt Steffen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Steffen Leonhardt , Lennart Leicht , and Daniel Teichmann . 2018. Unobtrusive Vital Sign Monitoring in Automotive Environments\u2014A Review. Sensors 18, 9 ( 2018 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18093080 10.3390\/s18093080 Steffen Leonhardt, Lennart Leicht, and Daniel Teichmann. 2018. Unobtrusive Vital Sign Monitoring in Automotive Environments\u2014A Review. Sensors 18, 9 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18093080"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"2011 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS). 405\u2013410","author":"Lewandowska Magdalena","year":"2011","unstructured":"Magdalena Lewandowska , Jacek Rumi\u0144ski , Tomasz Kocejko , and J\u0119drzej Nowak . 2011 . Measuring pulse rate with a webcam \u2014 A non-contact method for evaluating cardiac activity . In 2011 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS). 405\u2013410 . Magdalena Lewandowska, Jacek Rumi\u0144ski, Tomasz Kocejko, and J\u0119drzej Nowak. 2011. Measuring pulse rate with a webcam \u2014 A non-contact method for evaluating cardiac activity. In 2011 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS). 405\u2013410."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPTA.2017.8310151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","article-title":"Implementation of Thermal Camera for Non-Contact Physiological Measurement","volume":"21","author":"Clinton\u00a0Tosima Manullang Martin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martin Clinton\u00a0Tosima Manullang , Yuan-Hsiang Lin , Sheng-Jie Lai , and Nai-Kuan Chou . 2021 . Implementation of Thermal Camera for Non-Contact Physiological Measurement : A Systematic Review. Sensors 21 , 23 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21237777 10.3390\/s21237777 Martin Clinton\u00a0Tosima Manullang, Yuan-Hsiang Lin, Sheng-Jie Lai, and Nai-Kuan Chou. 2021. Implementation of Thermal Camera for Non-Contact Physiological Measurement: A Systematic Review. Sensors 21, 23 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21237777","journal-title":"A Systematic Review. Sensors"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Mekyska. In 44th Annual 2010 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology. 185\u2013189","author":"Mekyska Ji\u0159i","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ji\u0159i Mekyska , Virginia Espinosa-Dur\u00f3 , and Marcos Faundez-Zanuy . 2010 . Mekyska. In 44th Annual 2010 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology. 185\u2013189 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CCST.2010.5678709 10.1109\/CCST.2010.5678709 Ji\u0159i Mekyska, Virginia Espinosa-Dur\u00f3, and Marcos Faundez-Zanuy. 2010. Mekyska. In 44th Annual 2010 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology. 185\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CCST.2010.5678709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.2009.5309881"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Advances in Photopletysmography Signal Analysis for Biomedical Applications. Sensors 18, 6","author":"Moraes L.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jermana\u00a0 L. Moraes , Matheus\u00a0 X. Rocha , Glauber\u00a0 G. Vasconcelos , Jos\u00e9\u00a0 E. Vasconcelos\u00a0Filho , Victor Hugo\u00a0C. De\u00a0Albuquerque , and Auzuir\u00a0 R. Alexandria . 2018. Advances in Photopletysmography Signal Analysis for Biomedical Applications. Sensors 18, 6 ( 2018 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18061894 10.3390\/s18061894 Jermana\u00a0L. Moraes, Matheus\u00a0X. Rocha, Glauber\u00a0G. Vasconcelos, Jos\u00e9\u00a0E. Vasconcelos\u00a0Filho, Victor Hugo\u00a0C. De\u00a0Albuquerque, and Auzuir\u00a0R. Alexandria. 2018. Advances in Photopletysmography Signal Analysis for Biomedical Applications. Sensors 18, 6 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18061894"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2014.2370945"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIVEMSA.2015.7158595"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSP48568.2020.9182231"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Emiliano Schena, and Massimo Sacchetti.","author":"Nicol\u00f2 Andrea","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andrea Nicol\u00f2 , Carlo Massaroni , Emiliano Schena, and Massimo Sacchetti. 2020 . The Importance of Respiratory Rate Monitoring: From Healthcare to Sport and Exercise. Sensors 20, 21 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20216396 10.3390\/s20216396 Andrea Nicol\u00f2, Carlo Massaroni, Emiliano Schena, and Massimo Sacchetti. 2020. The Importance of Respiratory Rate Monitoring: From Healthcare to Sport and Exercise. Sensors 20, 21 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20216396"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks. CoRR abs\/1511.08458","author":"O\u2019Shea Keiron","year":"2015","unstructured":"Keiron O\u2019Shea and Ryan Nash . 2015. An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks. CoRR abs\/1511.08458 ( 2015 ). arXiv:1511.08458http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1511.08458 Keiron O\u2019Shea and Ryan Nash. 2015. An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks. CoRR abs\/1511.08458 (2015). arXiv:1511.08458http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1511.08458"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Is It Possible to Estimate Average Heart Rate from Facial Thermal Imaging?Engineering Proceedings 8, 1","author":"Perpetuini David","year":"2021","unstructured":"David Perpetuini , Andrea Di\u00a0Credico , Chiara Filippini , Pascal Izzicupo , Daniela Cardone , Piero Chiacchiaretta , Barbara Ghinassi , Angela Di\u00a0Baldassarre , and Arcangelo Merla . 2021. Is It Possible to Estimate Average Heart Rate from Facial Thermal Imaging?Engineering Proceedings 8, 1 ( 2021 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/engproc2021008010 10.3390\/engproc2021008010 David Perpetuini, Andrea Di\u00a0Credico, Chiara Filippini, Pascal Izzicupo, Daniela Cardone, Piero Chiacchiaretta, Barbara Ghinassi, Angela Di\u00a0Baldassarre, and Arcangelo Merla. 2021. Is It Possible to Estimate Average Heart Rate from Facial Thermal Imaging?Engineering Proceedings 8, 1 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/engproc2021008010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Network. CoRR abs\/1808.03314","author":"Sherstinsky Alex","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alex Sherstinsky . 2018. Fundamentals of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Network. CoRR abs\/1808.03314 ( 2018 ). arXiv:1808.03314http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1808.03314 Alex Sherstinsky. 2018. Fundamentals of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Network. CoRR abs\/1808.03314 (2018). arXiv:1808.03314http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1808.03314"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems -","volume":"1","author":"Shi Xingjian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xingjian Shi , Zhourong Chen , Hao Wang , Dit-Yan Yeung , Wai-kin Wong, and Wang-chun Woo. 2015 . Convolutional LSTM Network: A Machine Learning Approach for Precipitation Nowcasting . In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems - Volume 1 (Montreal, Canada) (NIPS\u201915). MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 802\u2013810. Xingjian Shi, Zhourong Chen, Hao Wang, Dit-Yan Yeung, Wai-kin Wong, and Wang-chun Woo. 2015. Convolutional LSTM Network: A Machine Learning Approach for Precipitation Nowcasting. In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems - Volume 1 (Montreal, Canada) (NIPS\u201915). MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 802\u2013810."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Non-contact measurement of human respiration using an infrared thermal camera and the deep learning method. Measurement Science and Technology","author":"Shu Shuangbao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shuangbao Shu , Huajun Liang , Yu Zhang , Yuzhong Zhang , and Ziqiang Yang . 2022. Non-contact measurement of human respiration using an infrared thermal camera and the deep learning method. Measurement Science and Technology ( 2022 ). http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6501\/ac5ed9 Shuangbao Shu, Huajun Liang, Yu Zhang, Yuzhong Zhang, and Ziqiang Yang. 2022. Non-contact measurement of human respiration using an infrared thermal camera and the deep learning method. Measurement Science and Technology (2022). http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6501\/ac5ed9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2015.316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"Muhammad Usman Ruth Evans Reza Saatchi Ruth Kingshott and Heather Elphick. 2019. Non-invasive respiration monitoring by thermal imaging to detect sleep apnoea. (2019).  Muhammad Usman Ruth Evans Reza Saatchi Ruth Kingshott and Heather Elphick. 2019. Non-invasive respiration monitoring by thermal imaging to detect sleep apnoea. (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Non-contact physiological monitoring of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. npj Digital Medicine","author":"Villarroel Mauricio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mauricio Villarroel , Sitthichok Chaichulee , Jo\u00e3o Jorge , Sara Davis , Gabrielle Green , Carlos Arteta , Andrew Zisserman , Kenny McCormick , Peter Watkinson , and Lionel Tarassenko . 2019. Non-contact physiological monitoring of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. npj Digital Medicine ( 2019 ). Mauricio Villarroel, Sitthichok Chaichulee, Jo\u00e3o Jorge, Sara Davis, Gabrielle Green, Carlos Arteta, Andrew Zisserman, Kenny McCormick, Peter Watkinson, and Lionel Tarassenko. 2019. Non-contact physiological monitoring of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. npj Digital Medicine (2019)."}],"event":{"name":"ICMI '23: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"],"location":"Paris France","acronym":"ICMI '23"},"container-title":["INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3577190.3614123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3577190.3614123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T16:37:01Z","timestamp":1750178221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3577190.3614123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3577190.3614123","10.1145\/3577190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3577190.3614123","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}