{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T06:54:36Z","timestamp":1781592876373,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"CSCW1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding emerging safety risks in nuanced social VR spaces and how existing safety features are used is crucial for the future development of safe and inclusive 3D social worlds. Prior research on safety risks in social VR is mainly based on interview or survey data about social VR users' experiences and opinions, which lacks \"in-situ observations\" of how individuals react to these risks. Using two empirical studies, this paper seeks to understand safety risks and safety design in social VR. In Study 1, we investigated 212 YouTube videos and their transcripts that document social VR users' immediate experiences of safety risks as victims, attackers, or bystanders. We also analyzed spectators' reactions to these risks shown in comments to the videos. In Study 2, we summarized 13 safety features across various social VR platforms and mapped how each existing safety feature in social VR can mitigate the risks identified in Study 1. Based on the uniqueness of social VR interaction dynamics and users' multi-modal simulated reactions, we call for further re-thinking and re-approaching safety designs for future social VR environments and propose potential design implications for future safety protection mechanisms in social VR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3579630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T17:23:07Z","timestamp":1681665787000},"page":"1-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Understanding Safety Risks and Safety Design in Social VR Environments"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0368-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingxiao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5363-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengyang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5888-3545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8683-4668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiliu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7703-4554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohan C.","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5107-7794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0399-8032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2021. FACEBOOK'S METAVERSE One incident of abuse and harassment every 7 minutes. https:\/\/counterhate.com\/research\/facebooks-metaverse urldate={2021--12--30}"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411763.3451673"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--12","author":"Maria Vraka","unstructured":"Maria Vraka Mikael B. Skov Aida Komkaite, Liga Lavrinovica. 2019. Underneath the Skin: An Analysis of YouTube Videos to Understand Insertable Device Interaction. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of SAI Intelligent Systems Conference. 294--308","author":"Alghowinem Sharifa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharifa Alghowinem. 2018. A Safer YouTube Kids: An Extra Layer of Content Filtering Using Automated Multimodal Analysis. In Proceedings of SAI Intelligent Systems Conference. 294--308."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2016.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"How Avatars Influence User Behavior: A Review on the Proteus Effect in Virtual Environments and Video Games. In International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games. 1--9.","author":"Anna Samira Praetorius Daniel G\u00f6rlich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Daniel G\u00f6rlich Anna Samira Praetorius. 2020. How Avatars Influence User Behavior: A Review on the Proteus Effect in Virtual Environments and Video Games. In International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games. 1--9."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466158"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2015.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2015.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Maura Barrett and Forte Douglas. 2019. Metaverse virtual worlds lack adequate safety precautions. https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/tech\/internet\/metaverse-virtual-worlds-lack-adequate-safety-precautions-critics-say-rcna15418"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Tanya Basuarchive. 2021. The metaverse has a groping problem already. https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2021\/12\/16\/1042516\/the-metaverse-has-a-groping-problem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445157"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3359202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES","author":"Anderson Rocha Bruno Malveira Zanoni Dias","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zanoni Dias Anderson Rocha Bruno Malveira Peixoto, Sandra Avila. 2018. Breaking down violence: A deep-learning strategy to model and classify violence in videos. In In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2018). 1--7."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3410404.3414269"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445435"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"cues and meaning (February draft for Signals, Truth and Design","author":"Donath J","unstructured":"J Donath. 2011. Signals, cues and meaning (February draft for Signals, Truth and Design. MIT Press)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518877"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2019.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3531073.3534492"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychological bulletin 76, 5","author":"Fleiss Joseph L","year":"1971","unstructured":"Joseph L Fleiss. 1971. Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychological bulletin 76, 5 (1971), 378."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/764008.763957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"ReCal: Intercoder reliability calculation as a web service","volume":"5","author":"Freelon Deen G","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deen G Freelon. 2010. ReCal: Intercoder reliability calculation as a web service. International Journal of Internet Science 5, 1 (2010), 20--33.","journal-title":"International Journal of Internet Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3452918.3458805"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555153"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3492836"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3432938"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3502082"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3512932"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3489849.3489871"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Marshall Durbin, Munro S Edmonson, JL Fischer, Dell Hymes, Solon T Kimball, et al.","author":"Hall Edward T","year":"1968","unstructured":"Edward T Hall, Ray L Birdwhistell, Bernhard Bock, Paul Bohannan, A Richard Diebold Jr, Marshall Durbin, Munro S Edmonson, JL Fischer, Dell Hymes, Solon T Kimball, et al. 1968. Proxemics [and comments and replies]. Current anthropology 9, 2\/3 (1968), 83--108."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Designing Social VR: A Collection of Design Choices Across Commercial and Research Applications.","author":"RYAN HANDLEY, BERT GUERRA, RUKKMINI","year":"2022","unstructured":"RYAN HANDLEY, BERT GUERRA, RUKKMINI GOLI, and DOUGLAS ZYTKO. 2022. Designing Social VR: A Collection of Design Choices Across Commercial and Research Applications. (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2008.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702266"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1014052.1014073"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-85613-7_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v8i1.14550"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan Ng Jeffrey C. F. Ho. 2020. Perspective-Taking of Non-Player Characters in Prosocial Virtual Reality Games: Effects on Closeness Empathy and Game Immersion. In Behaviour Information Technology. 1185--1198.","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2020.1864018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"On the Psychology of the Uncanny (1906). Angelaki","volume":"2","author":"Jentsch Ernst","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ernst Jentsch. 1997. On the Psychology of the Uncanny (1906). Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 2, 1 (1997), 7--16.","journal-title":"Journal of the Theoretical Humanities"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Bailenson","author":"Jesse Fox Dylan Arena","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dylan Arena Jesse Fox and Jeremy N. Bailenson. 2009. Virtual Reality: A Survival Guide for the Social Scientist. In Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications. 95--113."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341215.3356271"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300794"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jcmc\/zmy005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3322276.3322352"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300444"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11550617_37"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. COWNDEN M. ENQUIST K. ERIKSSON M. W. FELDMAN L. FOGARTY S. GHIRLANDA T. LILLICRAP L. RENDELL R. BOYD and K. N. LALAND. 2010. Why Copy Others? Insights from the Social Learning Strategies Tournament.. In SCIENCE. 208--213.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1184719"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Misuse or misdesign? Yik Yak on college campuses and the moral dimensions of technology design. First Monday","author":"Li Qinglan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qinglan Li and Ioana Literat. 2017. Misuse or misdesign? Yik Yak on college campuses and the moral dimensions of technology design. First Monday (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olsson Andreas Lindstr\u00f6m Bj\u00f6rn. 2015. Mechanisms of social avoidance learning can explain the emergence of adaptive and arbitrary behavioral traditions in humans.. In Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 688--703.","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0000071"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466158"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","unstructured":"Fade Lorne. 2021. What Is Virtual Reality And How Can It Be Used In The Workplace? https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/forbesbusinesscouncil\/2021\/04\/05\/what-is-virtual-reality-and-how-can-it-be-used-in-the-workplace\/'sh=1905b7b27a1e"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VRW50115.2020.00075"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3410404.3414268"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VRW52623.2021.00056"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Divine Maloney Guo Freeman and Andrew Robb. 2021. Stay Connected in An Immersive World: Why Teenagers Engage in Social Virtual Reality. In Interaction Design and Children. 69--79.","DOI":"10.1145\/3459990.3460703"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 4, CSCW2","author":"Maloney Divine","year":"2020","unstructured":"Divine Maloney, Guo Freeman, and Donghee Yvette Wohn. 2020. \" Talking without a Voice\" Understanding Non-verbal Communication in Social Virtual Reality. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 4, CSCW2 (2020), 1--25."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3385956.3418967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300794"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197391.3205451"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0022-4537.00153"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"Virtual harassment: The social experience of 600 regular virtual reality (VR) users. The Extended Mind Blog 4","author":"Outlaw Jessica","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jessica Outlaw and Beth Duckles. 2018. Virtual harassment: The social experience of 600 regular virtual reality (VR) users. The Extended Mind Blog 4 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shane L Rogers Rebecca Broadbent Jemma Brown Allan Fraser and Craig P Speelman. 2022. Realistic motion avatars are the future for social interaction in virtual reality. (2022).","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/gcakv"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. 499--509","author":"Safinah Ali Cynthia Breazeal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cynthia Breazeal Safinah Ali, Hae Won Park. 2020. Can Children Emulate a Robotic Non-Player Character's Figural Creativity?. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. 499--509."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2015.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aliaksei Severyn Olga Uryupina Barbara Plank Alessandro Moschitti and Katja Filippova. 2014. Opinion mining on YouTube. (2014).","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P14-1118"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"The Relative Importance of Social Cues in Immersive Mediated Communication. In International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. Springer, 491--498","author":"Sharan Navya N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Navya N Sharan, Alexander Toet, Tina Mioch, Omar Niamut, and Jan BF van Erp. 2021. The Relative Importance of Social Cues in Immersive Mediated Communication. In International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. Springer, 491--498."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","unstructured":"Frenkel Sheera and Browning Kellen. 2021. The Metaverse's Dark Side: Here Come Harassment and Assaults. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/12\/30\/technology\/metaverse-harassment-assaults.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"All are welcome: Using VR ethnography to explore harassment behavior in immersive social virtual reality. In 2017 IEEE Virtual Reality (VR)","author":"Shriram Ketaki","unstructured":"Ketaki Shriram and Raz Schwartz. 2017. All are welcome: Using VR ethnography to explore harassment behavior in immersive social virtual reality. In 2017 IEEE Virtual Reality (VR). IEEE, 225--226."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","volume-title":"Cat Mai.","author":"Katherine","year":"2021","unstructured":"Katherine G. McKim Scott McCrickard Shuo Niu, Cat Mai. 2021. TeamTrees: Investigating How YouTubers Participate in a Social Media Campaign. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--26."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","unstructured":"Skarredghost. 2022. Altspace VR to introduce safety measures Horizon audience is growing and more! https:\/\/skarredghost.com\/2022\/02\/21\/altspace-meta-horizon-safety"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","unstructured":"John Maynard Smith David Harper et al. 2003. Animal signals. Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3502008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13645579.2017.1381821"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40001.2021.00028"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","volume-title":"Traffic Congestion Estimation Based on Crowd-Sourced Data. In 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computing and Applications (ACOMP). 119--126","author":"Tran Minh H. Mai Tan","unstructured":"H. Mai Tan Tran Minh, H. N. Pham-Nguyen and N. Xuan Long. 2019. Traffic Congestion Estimation Based on Crowd-Sourced Data. In 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computing and Applications (ACOMP). 119--126."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8306.00292"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"Unmanned Systems Technology XVI","author":"Wiltshire Travis J","unstructured":"Travis J Wiltshire, Emilio J Lobato, Jonathan Velez, Florian Jentsch, and Stephen M Fiore. 2014. An interdisciplinary taxonomy of social cues and signals in the service of engineering robotic social intelligence. In Unmanned Systems Technology XVI, Vol. 9084. SPIE, 124--138."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305118762444"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","volume-title":"Conference Companion Publication of the 2019 on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 438--442","author":"Zamanifard Samaneh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Samaneh Zamanifard and Guo Freeman. 2019. \" The Togetherness that We Crave\" Experiencing Social VR in Long Distance Relationships. In Conference Companion Publication of the 2019 on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 438--442."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","volume-title":"A Taxonomy of Social VR Design. arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.02253","author":"Zytko Douglas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Douglas Zytko, Ryan Handley, Bert Guerra, and Rukkmini Goli. 2022. A Taxonomy of Social VR Design. arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.02253 (2022)."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3579630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3579630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T17:48:43Z","timestamp":1750182523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3579630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"CSCW1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3579630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3579630","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}