{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:56:02Z","timestamp":1770742562781,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":41,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation","award":["171106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["171106"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2022YFC2009903,2022YFC2009900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2009903,2022YFC2009900"]}]},{"name":"he National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Grant No. 62122018, No. 62020106008, No. 61772116, No. 61872064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 62122018, No. 62020106008, No. 61772116, No. 61872064"]}]},{"name":"SongShan Laboratory","award":["YYJC012022019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YYJC012022019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3581783.3611713","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T07:27:40Z","timestamp":1698391660000},"page":"1729-1737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["CUCL: Codebook for Unsupervised Continual Learning"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3662-0263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2549-8322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingkuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7728-2518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaosu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3872-6689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junchen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2522-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianli","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2999-2088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hengtao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Memory Aware Synapses: Learning What (not) to Forget","volume":"11207","author":"Aljundi Rahaf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rahaf Aljundi, Francesca Babiloni, Mohamed Elhoseiny, Marcus Rohrbach, and Tinne Tuytelaars. 2018. Memory Aware Synapses: Learning What (not) to Forget. In ECCV, Vol. 11207. 144--161.","journal-title":"ECCV"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Wagner","author":"Ayub Ali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ali Ayub and Alan R. Wagner. 2021. EEC: Learning to Encode and Regenerate Images for Continual Learning. In ICLR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jane Bromley Isabelle Guyon Yann LeCun Eduard S\u00e4ckinger and Roopak Shah. 1993. Signature Verification Using a Siamese Time Delay Neural Network. In NeurIPS. 737--744.","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812797926_0003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Pietro Buzzega Matteo Boschini Angelo Porrello Davide Abati and Simone Calderara. 2020. Dark Experience for General Continual Learning: a Strong Simple Baseline. In NeurIPS."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Mathilde Caron Ishan Misra Julien Mairal Priya Goyal Piotr Bojanowski and Armand Joulin. 2020. Unsupervised Learning of Visual Features by Contrasting Cluster Assignments. In NeurIPS."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Arslan Chaudhry Marc'Aurelio Ranzato Marcus Rohrbach and Mohamed Elhoseiny. 2019. Efficient Lifelong Learning with A-GEM. In ICLR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng Chen Ji Zhang Jingkuan Song and Lianli Gao. 2022. Class Gradient Projection For Continual Learning. In ACM MM. 5575--5583.","DOI":"10.1145\/3503161.3548054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","first-page":"1597","article-title":"A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations","volume":"119","author":"Chen Ting","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ting Chen, Simon Kornblith, Mohammad Norouzi, and Geoffrey E. Hinton. 2020. A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations. In ICML, Vol. 119. 1597--1607.","journal-title":"ICML"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xinlei Chen and Kaiming He. 2021. Exploring Simple Siamese Representation Learning. In CVPR. 15750--15758.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01549"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xinlei Chen Saining Xie and Kaiming He. 2021. An Empirical Study of Training Self-Supervised Vision Transformers. In ICCV. 9620--9629.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00950"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia Deng Wei Dong Richard Socher Li-Jia Li Kai Li and Li Fei-Fei. 2009. ImageNet: A large-scale hierarchical image database. In CVPR. 248--255.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2009.5206848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lianli Gao Pengpeng Zeng Jingkuan Song Xianglong Liu and Heng Tao Shen. 2018. Examine before You Answer: Multi-task Learning with Adaptive-attentions for Multiple-choice VQA. In ACM MM. 1742--1750.","DOI":"10.1145\/3240508.3240687"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Bilal Piot, Koray Kavukcuoglu, R\u00e9mi Munos, and Michal Valko.","author":"Grill Jean-Bastien","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jean-Bastien Grill, Florian Strub, Florent Altch\u00e9, Corentin Tallec, Pierre H. Richemond, Elena Buchatskaya, Carl Doersch, Bernardo \u00c1vila Pires, Zhaohan Guo, Mohammad Gheshlaghi Azar, Bilal Piot, Koray Kavukcuoglu, R\u00e9mi Munos, and Michal Valko. 2020. Bootstrap Your Own Latent - A New Approach to Self-Supervised Learning. In NeurIPS."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Girshick","author":"He Kaiming","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaiming He, Xinlei Chen, Saining Xie, Yanghao Li, Piotr Doll\u00e1r, and Ross B. Girshick. 2022. Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learners. In CVPR. 15979--15988."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Girshick","author":"He Kaiming","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaiming He, Haoqi Fan, Yuxin Wu, Saining Xie, and Ross B. Girshick. 2020. Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning. In CVPR. 9726--9735."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaiming He Xiangyu Zhang Shaoqing Ren and Jian Sun. 2016. Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. In CVPR. 770--778.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"R. Devon Hjelm Alex Fedorov Samuel Lavoie-Marchildon Karan Grewal Philip Bachman Adam Trischler and Yoshua Bengio. 2019. Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximization. In ICLR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Young Kyun Jang and Nam Ik Cho. 2021. Self-supervised Product Quantization for Deep Unsupervised Image Retrieval. In ICCV. 12065--12074.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01187"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks. CoRR","author":"Kirkpatrick James","year":"2016","unstructured":"James Kirkpatrick, Razvan Pascanu, Neil C. Rabinowitz, Joel Veness, Guillaume Desjardins, Andrei A. Rusu, Kieran Milan, John Quan, Tiago Ramalho, Agnieszka Grabska-Barwinska, Demis Hassabis, Claudia Clopath, Dharshan Kumaran, and Raia Hadsell. 2016. Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks. CoRR, Vol. abs\/1612.00796 (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Alex Krizhevsky Geoffrey Hinton et al. 2009. Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images. (2009)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Heng Tao Shen, and Jingkuan Song","author":"Li Xiangpeng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiangpeng Li, Lianli Gao, Xuanhan Wang, Wu Liu, Xing Xu, Heng Tao Shen, and Jingkuan Song. 2019. Learnable Aggregating Net with Diversity Learning for Video Question Answering. In ACM MM. 1166--1174."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2017.2773081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"David Lopez-Paz and Marc'Aurelio Ranzato. 2017. Gradient Episodic Memory for Continual Learning. In NeurIPS. 6467--6476."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Heng Tao Shen, and Jingkuan Song","author":"Lyu Xinyu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xinyu Lyu, Lianli Gao, Pengpeng Zeng, Heng Tao Shen, and Jingkuan Song. 2023. Adaptive Fine-Grained Predicates Learning for Scene Graph Generation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"Divyam Madaan Jaehong Yoon Yuanchun Li Yunxin Liu and Sung Ju Hwang. 2022. Representational Continuity for Unsupervised Continual Learning. In ICLR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Psychology of learning and motivation.","author":"McCloskey Michael","unstructured":"Michael McCloskey and Neal J Cohen. 1989. Catastrophic interference in connectionist networks: The sequential learning problem. In Psychology of learning and motivation. Vol. 24. 109--165."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Yee Whye Teh, and Raia Hadsell","author":"Rao Dushyant","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dushyant Rao, Francesco Visin, Andrei A. Rusu, Razvan Pascanu, Yee Whye Teh, and Raia Hadsell. 2019. Continual Unsupervised Representation Learning. In NeurIPS. 7645--7655."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Lampert","author":"Rebuffi Sylvestre-Alvise","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi, Alexander Kolesnikov, Georg Sperl, and Christoph H. Lampert. 2017. iCaRL: Incremental Classifier and Representation Learning. In CVPR. 5533--5542."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Child: A First Step Towards Continual Learning. In Learning to Learn. 261--292.","author":"Ring Mark B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mark B. Ring. 1998. Child: A First Step Towards Continual Learning. In Learning to Learn. 261--292."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Progressive Neural Networks. CoRR","author":"Rusu Andrei A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andrei A. Rusu, Neil C. Rabinowitz, Guillaume Desjardins, Hubert Soyer, James Kirkpatrick, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Razvan Pascanu, and Raia Hadsell. 2016. Progressive Neural Networks. CoRR, Vol. abs\/1606.04671 (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","first-page":"4555","article-title":"Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting with Hard Attention to the Task","volume":"80","author":"Serr\u00e0 Joan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joan Serr\u00e0, Didac Suris, Marius Miron, and Alexandros Karatzoglou. 2018. Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting with Hard Attention to the Task. In ICML, Vol. 80. 4555--4564.","journal-title":"ICML"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Benigno Uria, Oriol Vinyals, Demis Hassabis, Razvan Pascanu, and Charles Blundell.","author":"Sprechmann Pablo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pablo Sprechmann, Siddhant M. Jayakumar, Jack W. Rae, Alexander Pritzel, Adri\u00e0 Puigdom\u00e8 nech Badia, Benigno Uria, Oriol Vinyals, Demis Hassabis, Razvan Pascanu, and Charles Blundell. 2018. Memory-based Parameter Adaptation. In ICLR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","first-page":"776","article-title":"Contrastive Multiview Coding","volume":"12356","author":"Tian Yonglong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yonglong Tian, Dilip Krishnan, and Phillip Isola. 2020. Contrastive Multiview Coding. In ECCV, Vol. 12356. 776--794.","journal-title":"ECCV"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Tom Veniat Ludovic Denoyer and Marc'Aurelio Ranzato. 2021. Efficient Continual Learning with Modular Networks and Task-Driven Priors. In ICLR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Oriol Vinyals Charles Blundell Tim Lillicrap Koray Kavukcuoglu and Daan Wierstra. 2016. Matching Networks for One Shot Learning. In NeurIPS. 3630--3638."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhirong Wu Yuanjun Xiong Stella X. Yu and Dahua Lin. 2018. Unsupervised Feature Learning via Non-Parametric Instance Discrimination. In CVPR. 3733--3742.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"Mang Ye Xu Zhang Pong C. Yuen and Shih-Fu Chang. 2019. Unsupervised Embedding Learning via Invariant and Spreading Instance Feature. In CVPR. 6210--6219."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-020-01326-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","first-page":"12310","article-title":"Barlow Twins: Self-Supervised Learning via Redundancy Reduction","volume":"139","author":"Zbontar Jure","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jure Zbontar, Li Jing, Ishan Misra, Yann LeCun, and St\u00e9 phane Deny. 2021. Barlow Twins: Self-Supervised Learning via Redundancy Reduction. In ICML, Vol. 139. 12310--12320.","journal-title":"ICML"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pengpeng Zeng Haonan Zhang Jingkuan Song and Lianli Gao. 2022. S2 Transformer for Image Captioning. In IJCAI Luc De Raedt (Ed.). 1608--1614.","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2022\/224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","first-page":"3987","article-title":"Continual Learning Through Synaptic Intelligence","volume":"70","author":"Zenke Friedemann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Friedemann Zenke, Ben Poole, and Surya Ganguli. 2017. Continual Learning Through Synaptic Intelligence. In ICML, Vol. 70. 3987--3995.","journal-title":"ICML"}],"event":{"name":"MM '23: The 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia","location":"Ottawa ON Canada","acronym":"MM '23","sponsor":["SIGMM ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3581783.3611713","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3581783.3611713","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:07:51Z","timestamp":1755821271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3581783.3611713"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3581783.3611713","10.1145\/3581783"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3581783.3611713","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}