{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T02:39:01Z","timestamp":1774406341521,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":60,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62172359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172359"]}]},{"name":"the National Key R\\&D Program of China","award":["2020AAA0107700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAA0107700"]}]},{"name":"the Key R\\&D Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["No. 2023C01217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2023C01217"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3581783.3612386","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T07:26:54Z","timestamp":1698391614000},"page":"7131-7142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Locate and Verify: A Two-Stream Network for Improved Deepfake Detection"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4858-4602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Shuai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1933-9775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jieming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7551-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Black Sesame Technologies, Singapore, Singapore"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5240-5200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5804-3279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhibo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0921-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongjie","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7981-9873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenguang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3878-2680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Cavallaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London & Zhejiang University, London, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3441-6277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kui","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2016. FaceSwap. https:\/\/github.com\/MarekKowalski\/FaceSwap\/. Accessed: 2023-3-19."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2020. Deepfake detection challenge. https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/c\/deepfake- detection-challenge. Accessed: 2023-3-19.."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2020. Deepfakes. https:\/\/github.com\/deepfakes\/faceswap. Accessed: 2023-3-19."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01815"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394171.3413630"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i2.16193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00582"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW54120.2021.00421"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"The deepfake detection challenge (dfdc) preview dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.08854","author":"Dolhansky Brian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brian Dolhansky, Russ Howes, Ben Pflaum, Nicole Baram, and Cristian Canton Ferrer. 2019. The deepfake detection challenge (dfdc) preview dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.08854 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3539618.3591690"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Towards A Robust Deepfake Detector: Common Artifact Deepfake Detection Model. arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.14457","author":"Dong Shichao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shichao Dong, Jin Wang, Renhe Ji, Jiajun Liang, Haoqiang Fan, and Zheng Ge. 2022b. Towards A Robust Deepfake Detector: Common Artifact Deepfake Detection Model. arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.14457 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Tel Aviv","author":"Dong Shichao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shichao Dong, Jin Wang, Jiajun Liang, Haoqiang Fan, and Renhe Ji. 2022c. Explaining Deepfake Detection by Analysing Image Matching. In Computer Vision-ECCV 2022: 17th European Conference, Tel Aviv, Israel, October 23-27, 2022, Proceedings, Part XIV. Springer, 18--35."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00925"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01963"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"International conference on machine learning. PMLR, 3247--3258","author":"Frank Joel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joel Frank, Thorsten Eisenhofer, Lea Sch\u00f6nherr, Asja Fischer, Dorothea Kolossa, and Thorsten Holz. 2020. Leveraging frequency analysis for deep fake image recognition. In International conference on machine learning. PMLR, 3247--3258."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2012.2190402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Delving into sequential patches for DeepFake detection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2207.02803","author":"Guan Jiazhi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiazhi Guan, Hang Zhou, Zhibin Hong, Errui Ding, Jingdong Wang, Chengbin Quan, and Youjian Zhao. 2022. Delving into sequential patches for DeepFake detection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2207.02803 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.06670","author":"Hjelm R Devon","year":"2018","unstructured":"R Devon Hjelm, Alex Fedorov, Samuel Lavoie-Marchildon, Karan Grewal, Phil Bachman, Adam Trischler, and Yoshua Bengio. 2018. Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.06670 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00436"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00296"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Hadamard product for low-rank bilinear pooling. arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.04325","author":"Kim Jin-Hwa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jin-Hwa Kim, Kyoung-Woon On, Woosang Lim, Jeonghee Kim, Jung-Woo Ha, and Byoung-Tak Zhang. 2016. Hadamard product for low-rank bilinear pooling. arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.04325 (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980","author":"Kingma Diederik P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Diederik P Kingma and Jimmy Ba. 2014. Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3503161.3547832"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00505"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Exposing deepfake videos by detecting face warping artifacts. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.00656","author":"Li Yuezun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yuezun Li and Siwei Lyu. 2018. Exposing deepfake videos by detecting face warping artifacts. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.00656 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"a new dataset for deepfake forensics. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.12962","author":"Li Yuezun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yuezun Li, Xin Yang, Pu Sun, Honggang Qi, and Siwei Lyu. 2019. Celeb-df (v2): a new dataset for deepfake forensics. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.12962, Vol. 4 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhenguang Liu Haoming Chen Runyang Feng Shuang Wu Shouling Ji Bailin Yang and Xun Wang. 2021a. Deep Dual Consecutive Network for Human Pose Estimation. In CVPR. 525--534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00059","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Asian Conference on Computer Vision. 3412--3429","author":"Liu Zihan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zihan Liu, Hanyi Wang, and Shilin Wang. 2022a. Cross-Domain Local Characteristic Enhanced Deepfake Video Detection. In Proceedings of the Asian Conference on Computer Vision. 3412--3429."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Copy Motion From One to Another: Fake Motion Video Generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.01373","author":"Liu Zhenguang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhenguang Liu, Sifan Wu, Chejian Xu, Xiang Wang, Lei Zhu, Shuang Wu, and Fuli Feng. 2022b. Copy Motion From One to Another: Fake Motion Video Generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.01373 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Shenoy Pratik Gurudatt","author":"Masi Iacopo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iacopo Masi, Aditya Killekar, Royston Marian Mascarenhas, Shenoy Pratik Gurudatt, and Wael AbdAlmageed. 2020. Two-branch recurrent network for isolating deepfakes in videos. In Computer Vision--ECCV 2020: 16th European Conference, Glasgow, UK, August 23-28, 2020, Proceedings, Part VII 16. Springer, 667--684."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394171.3413532"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58610-2_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.74"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01816"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i3.16367"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i2.20130"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3072959.3073640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01165"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3306346.3323035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2929464.2929475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2020.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2022.3186803"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i07.6916"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3404835.3462823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3503161.3548313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01477"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00572"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","volume-title":"Tel Aviv","author":"Zhuang Wanyi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wanyi Zhuang, Qi Chu, Zhentao Tan, Qiankun Liu, Haojie Yuan, Changtao Miao, Zixiang Luo, and Nenghai Yu. 2022. UIA-ViT: Unsupervised inconsistency-aware method based on vision transformer for face forgery detection. In Computer Vision-ECCV 2022: 17th European Conference, Tel Aviv, Israel, October 23-27, 2022, Proceedings, Part V. Springer, 391--407."}],"event":{"name":"MM '23: The 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia","location":"Ottawa ON Canada","acronym":"MM '23","sponsor":["SIGMM ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3581783.3612386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3581783.3612386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T23:56:03Z","timestamp":1755820563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3581783.3612386"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3581783.3612386","10.1145\/3581783"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3581783.3612386","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}