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The lack of standardization has led each IoT platform to propose its own abstractions, APIs, and data models. As a consequence, programming interactions between an IoT consuming application and an IoT platform is time-consuming, is error prone, and depends on the developers\u2019 level of knowledge about the IoT platform. To address these issues, this article introduces\n            <jats:italic>IoTvar<\/jats:italic>\n            , a middleware library deployed on the IoT consumer application that manages all its interactions with IoT platforms. IoTvar relies on declaring variables automatically mapped to sensors whose values are transparently updated with sensor observations through proxies on the client side. This article presents the IoTvar architecture and shows how it has been integrated into the FIWARE, OM2M, and\n            <jats:sc>muDEBS<\/jats:sc>\n            platforms. We also report the results of experiments performed to evaluate IoTvar, showing that it reduces the effort required to declare and manage IoT variables and has no considerable impact on CPU, memory, and energy consumption.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3586010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T12:11:47Z","timestamp":1678018307000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Taming Internet of Things Application Development with the IoTvar Middleware"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8812-7414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Victor","family":"Borges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMOVAR, T\u00e9l\u00e9com Sud Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7280-0782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chantal","family":"Taconet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMOVAR, T\u00e9l\u00e9com Sud Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1591-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Chabridon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMOVAR, T\u00e9l\u00e9com Sud Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1252-7374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Conan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMOVAR, T\u00e9l\u00e9com Sud Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2475-5075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Everton","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3558-1450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thais","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2014.05.536"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2018.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2008.110"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"78","article-title":"Mastering interactions with internet of things platforms through the IoTVar middleware","volume":"31","author":"Borges Pedro Victor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pedro Victor Borges, Chantal Taconet, Sophie Chabridon, Denis Conan, Thais Batista, Everton Cavalcante, and Cesar Batista. 2019. 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