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Maintenance management in the defense domain has its particularities, such as those related to the type of equipment operated, the environment and operating conditions, the need to maintain equipment readiness in cases of external aggression, and the security of the information. This study aims to understand the challenges, principles, scenarios, techniques, and open questions of predictive maintenance (PdM) in the military domain. We conducted a systematic literature review that resulted in the discussion of 43 articles, leading to the identification of 23 challenges and principles, 4 scenarios where predictive maintenance is crucial, besides discussing techniques used for PdM in the military domain. Our results contribute to understanding the perspective of PdM in the defense context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3586100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T11:06:40Z","timestamp":1677841600000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Predictive Maintenance in the Military Domain: A Systematic Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4177-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovani","family":"Dalzochio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6180-4104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Kunst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0358-2056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Luis Vict\u00f3ria","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4195-624X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Clarindo da Silva","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4655-8889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edison","family":"Pignaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7904-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla Schwengber","family":"ten Caten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3275-1840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex de Lima Teodoro","family":"da Penha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian Army, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Brazilian Army. 2009. 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