{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T15:34:02Z","timestamp":1772724842521,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":45,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3587135.3592169","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T10:22:41Z","timestamp":1691144561000},"page":"322-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Towards Fast and Scalable Private Inference"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9533-8183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianqiao","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1914-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karthik","family":"Garimella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5701-408X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Negar","family":"Neda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1150-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Austin","family":"Ebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1932-2750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon","family":"Reagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology --- CRYPTO' 95","author":"Beaver Donald","unstructured":"Donald Beaver. 1995. Precomputing oblivious transfer. In Advances in Cryptology --- CRYPTO' 95. Don Coppersmith, (Ed.) Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 97--109. isbn: 978-3-540-44750-4."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SEED51797.2021.00026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Brent Carmer Alex J Malozemoff and Marc Rosen. 2019. Swanky: a suite of rust libraries for secure multi-party computation. (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00145-019-09319-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSEC.2022.3165475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 3947--3961","author":"Cho Minsu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Minsu Cho, Ameya Joshi, Brandon Reagen, Siddharth Garg, and Chinmay Hegde. 2022. Selective network linearization for efficient private inference. In International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 3947--3961."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3020078.3021746"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2018.2873289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10879-7_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3582016.3582065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Nandan Kumar Jha, and Brandon Reagen","author":"Garimella Karthik","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karthik Garimella, Nandan Kumar Jha, and Brandon Reagen. 2021. Sisyphus: a cautionary tale of using low-degree polynomial activations in privacy-preserving deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.12342."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","first-page":"2241","article-title":"Circa: stochastic relus for private deep learning","volume":"34","author":"Ghodsi Zahra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zahra Ghodsi, Nandan Kumar Jha, Brandon Reagen, and Siddharth Garg. 2021. Circa: stochastic relus for private deep learning. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 34, 2241--2252.","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","first-page":"16961","article-title":"Cryptonas: private inference on a relu budget","volume":"33","author":"Ghodsi Zahra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zahra Ghodsi, Akshaj Kumar Veldanda, Brandon Reagen, and Siddharth Garg. 2020. Cryptonas: private inference on a relu budget. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 33, 16961--16971.","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"International conference on machine learning. PMLR, 201--210","author":"Gilad-Bachrach Ran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ran Gilad-Bachrach, Nathan Dowlin, Kim Laine, Kristin Lauter, Michael Naehrig, and John Wernsing. 2016. Cryptonets: applying neural networks to encrypted data with high throughput and accuracy. In International conference on machine learning. PMLR, 201--210."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"CRYPTO 2020, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 17-21, 2020, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, 793--822","author":"Guo Chun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chun Guo, Jonathan Katz, Xiao Wang, Chenkai Weng, and Yu Yu. 2020. Better concrete security for half-gates garbling (in the multi-instance setting). In Advances in Cryptology--CRYPTO 2020: 40th Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2020, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 17-21, 2020, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, 793--822."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Hsuan Hsiao Vincent Lee Brandon Reagen and Armin Alaghi. 2022. Homomorphically encrypted computation using stochastic encodings. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.02547."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FCCM.2019.00045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3195970.3196074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2523649.2523681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 4839--4849","author":"Jha Nandan Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nandan Kumar Jha, Zahra Ghodsi, Siddharth Garg, and Brandon Reagen. 2021. Deepreduce: relu reduction for fast private inference. In International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 4839--4849."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"27th { USENIX} Security Symposium ({ USENIX} Security 18), 1651--1669.","author":"Juvekar Chiraag","unstructured":"Chiraag Juvekar, Vinod Vaikuntanathan, and Anantha Chandrakasan. 2018. {Gazelle}: a low latency framework for secure neural network inference. In 27th { USENIX} Security Symposium ({ USENIX} Security 18), 1651--1669."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO56248.2022.00086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3470496.3527415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"35th International Colloquium, ICALP 2008, Reykjavik, Iceland, July 7-11, 2008, Proceedings, Part II 35","author":"Kolesnikov Vladimir","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vladimir Kolesnikov and Thomas Schneider. 2008. Improved garbled circuit: free xor gates and applications. In Automata, Languages and Programming: 35th International Colloquium, ICALP 2008, Reykjavik, Iceland, July 7-11, 2008, Proceedings, Part II 35. Springer, 486--498."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00092"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Accelerating face-book's infrastructure with application-specific hardware. Facebook. Retrieved August, 20","author":"Lee Kevin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kevin Lee, Vijay Rao, and William Christie Arnold. 2019. Accelerating face-book's infrastructure with application-specific hardware. Facebook. Retrieved August, 20, 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Learning Representations.","author":"Lou Qian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qian Lou, Yilin Shen, Hongxia Jin, and Lei Jiang. 2021. Safenet: a secure, accurate and fast neural network inference. In International Conference on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474366.3486924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411501.3419418"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3579371.3589045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"Ignacio Navarro. 2018. On garbled circuits."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Wonkyung Jung, and Jung Ho Ahn.","author":"Park Jaiyoung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jaiyoung Park, Michael Jaemin Kim, Wonkyung Jung, and Jung Ho Ahn. 2022. Aespa: accuracy preserving low-degree polynomial activation for fast private inference. arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.06699."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Michael O Rabin. 2005. How to exchange secrets with oblivious transfer. Cryptology ePrint Archive."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Wireless communications and applications above 100 ghz: opportunities and challenges for 6g and beyond","author":"Rappaport Theodore S","unstructured":"Theodore S Rappaport, Yunchou Xing, Ojas Kanhere, Shihao Ju, Arjuna Madanayake, Soumyajit Mandal, Ahmed Alkhateeb, and Georgios C Trichopoulos. 2019. Wireless communications and applications above 100 ghz: opportunities and challenges for 6g and beyond. IEEE access, 7, 78729--78757."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"5g's killer app will be 6g: massive mimo millimeter waves and small cell infrastructure will pay off for future tech generations","author":"Rappaport TS","unstructured":"TS Rappaport. 2021. 5g's killer app will be 6g: massive mimo millimeter waves and small cell infrastructure will pay off for future tech generations. IEEE Spectrum OP-ED."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HPCA51647.2021.00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3466752.3480070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3470496.3527393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897937.2898027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"RPU: The Ring Processing Unit. In IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS).","author":"Deepraj","unstructured":"Deepraj Soni et al. 2023. RPU: The Ring Processing Unit. In IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/popets-2019-0035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/popets-2021-0011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"Sophia Yakoubov. 2017. A gentle introduction to yao's garbled circuits. preprint on webpage at https:\/\/web.mit.edu\/sonka89\/www\/papers\/2017ygc.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"27th annual symposium on foundations of computer science (Sfcs","author":"Chi-Chih Yao Andrew","year":"1986","unstructured":"Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. 1986. How to generate and exchange secrets. In 27th annual symposium on foundations of computer science (Sfcs 1986). IEEE, 162--167."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-46803-6_8"}],"event":{"name":"CF '23: 20th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers","location":"Bologna Italy","acronym":"CF '23","sponsor":["SIGMICRO ACM Special Interest Group on Microarchitectural Research and Processing"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3587135.3592169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3587135.3592169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T17:49:13Z","timestamp":1750182553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3587135.3592169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3587135.3592169","10.1145\/3587135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3587135.3592169","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}