{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T13:25:22Z","timestamp":1762953922185,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":54,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3587135.3592818","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T10:22:41Z","timestamp":1691144561000},"page":"352-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Yes we CAN!"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2344-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wouter","family":"Hellemans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ES&S and imec-COSIC, ESAT, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3518-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Masoom","family":"Rabbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ES&S and imec-COSIC, ESAT, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2005-9651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Preneel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec-COSIC, ESAT, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8753-7895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nele","family":"Mentens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ES&S and imec-COSIC, ESAT, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, LIACS, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2020.3008879"},{"volume-title":"Specification of Secure Onboard Communication. Standard. AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture (AUTOSAR)","key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AUTOSARR19-11 2019. Specification of Secure Onboard Communication. Standard. AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture (AUTOSAR), Munich."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rohit Bhatia Vireshwar Kumar Khaled Serag Z Berkay Celik Mathias Payer and Dongyan Xu. 2021. Evading Voltage-Based Intrusion Detection on Automotive CAN.. In NDSS. 1--17.","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2021.23013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Bloomberg. 2022. [Online]. Electric Vehicle Market To Reach USD 823.75 Billion By 2030 Registering A CAGR Of 18.2% - Valuates Reports. Available: https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/press-releases\/2022-06- 27\/electric-vehicle-market-to-reach-usd-823-75-billion-by-2030-registering-a-cagr-of-18-2-valuates-reports. [Accessed 11.14.2022]."},{"volume-title":"CAN specification. Standard. Robert Bosch GmbH","author":"CAN","key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"CAN 1991. CAN specification. Standard. Robert Bosch GmbH, Stuttgart."},{"volume-title":"CAN with flexible data-rate specification. Standard. Robert Bosch GmbH","author":"CAN-FD","key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"CAN-FD 2012. CAN with flexible data-rate specification. Standard. Robert Bosch GmbH, Stuttgart."},{"volume-title":"20th USENIX security symposium (USENIX Security 11). 77--92.","author":"Checkoway Stephen","key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Stephen Checkoway, Damon McCoy, Brian Kantor, Danny Anderson, Hovav Shacham, Stefan Savage, Karl Koscher, Alexei Czeskis, Franziska Roesner, and Tadayoshi Kohno. 2011. Comprehensive experimental analyses of automotive attack surfaces. In 20th USENIX security symposium (USENIX Security 11). 77--92."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978302"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"25th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 16)","author":"Cho Kyong-Tak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kyong-Tak Cho and Kang G Shin. 2016. Fingerprinting electronic control units for vehicle intrusion detection. In 25th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 16). 911--927."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2810232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"CiA 610 2022. Controller area network extra long (CAN XL). Standard. CAN in Automation (CiA) Nuremberg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3560618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3359789.3359834"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Security and Cryptography. 188--197","author":"Groza Bogdan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bogdan Groza and Pal-Stefan Murvay. 2011. Higher layer authentication for broadcast in Controller Area Networks. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Security and Cryptography. 188--197."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35404-5_15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.2990954"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21)","author":"Groza Bogdan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bogdan Groza, Lucian Popa, Pal-Stefan Murvay, Yuval Elovici, and Asaf Shabtai. 2021. {CANARY}-a reactive defense mechanism for Controller Area Networks based on Active {RelaYs}. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21). 4259--4276."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2907692"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2010.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3055378.3055382"},{"volume-title":"Road vehicles --- Cybersecurity engineering. Standard","author":"SAE","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"ISO\/SAE 21434 2021. Road vehicles --- Cybersecurity engineering. Standard. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), Geneva."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3078740"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155781"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"EASI: Edge-Based Sender Identification on Resource-Constrained Platforms for Automotive Networks.. In NDSS. 1--16.","author":"Kneib Marcel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marcel Kneib, Oleg Schell, and Christopher Huth. 2020. EASI: Edge-Based Sender Identification on Resource-Constrained Platforms for Automotive Networks.. In NDSS. 1--16."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"KEEN Security Lab. 2018. [Online]. Experimental Security Assessment of BMW Cars: A Summary Report. Available: https:\/\/keenlab.tencent.com\/en\/whitepapers\/Experimental_Security_Assessment_of_BMW_Cars_by_KeenLab.pdf. [Accessed 12.22.2022]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"KEEN Security Lab. 2021. [Online]. Experimental Security Assessment of Mercedes-Benz Cars. Available: https:\/\/keenlab.tencent.com\/en\/2021\/05\/12\/Tencent-Security-Keen-Lab-Experimental-Security-Assessment-on-Mercedes-Benz-Cars\/. [Accessed 12.22.2022]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"CAN-LOC: Spoofing Detection and Physical Intrusion Localization on an In-Vehicle CAN Bus Based on Deep Features of Voltage Signals. CoRR abs\/2106.07895","author":"Levy Efrat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Efrat Levy, Asaf Shabtai, Bogdan Groza, Pal-Stefan Murvay, and Yuval Elovici. 2021. CAN-LOC: Spoofing Detection and Physical Intrusion Localization on an In-Vehicle CAN Bus Based on Deep Features of Voltage Signals. CoRR abs\/2106.07895 (2021). arXiv:2106.07895 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2106.07895"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3133956.3138843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-019-1484-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3448300.3468284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IVS.2017.7995934"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"2nd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry Leveraging a better tomorrow (RTSI). 1--6.","author":"Marchetti Mirco","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mirco Marchetti, Dario Stabili, Alessandro Guido, and Michele Colajanni. 2016. Evaluation of anomaly detection for in-vehicle networks through information-theoretic algorithms. In 2016 IEEE 2nd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry Leveraging a better tomorrow (RTSI). 1--6."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Proc. Black Hat USA. 1--91","author":"Miller Charlie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Charlie Miller and Chris Valasek. 2015. Remote exploitation of an unaltered passenger vehicle. In Proc. Black Hat USA. 1--91."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3064814.3064816"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3098546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IVS.2011.5940552"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIAS.2010.5604050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Proc. Black Hat USA, 1--16","author":"Nie Sen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sen Nie, Ling Liu, and Yuefeng Du. 2017. Free-fall: Hacking tesla from wireless to CAN bus. Proc. Black Hat USA, 1--16."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2019.2937097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"CASAD: CAN-Aware Stealthy-Attack Detection for In-Vehicle Networks. CoRR abs\/1909.08407","author":"Nowdehi Nasser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nasser Nowdehi, Wissam Aoudi, Magnus Almgren, and Tomas Olovsson. 2019. CASAD: CAN-Aware Stealthy-Attack Detection for In-Vehicle Networks. CoRR abs\/1909.08407 (2019). arXiv:1909.08407 http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1909.08407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60876-1_9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SECPRI.2000.848446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCPS.2018.00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Proc. ESCAR Eur. 1--13","author":"Sagong Sang Uk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sang Uk Sagong, Xuhang Ying, Radha Poovendran, and Linda Bushnell. 2018. Exploring attack surfaces of voltage-based intrusion detection systems in controller area networks. In Proc. ESCAR Eur. 1--13."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOIN.2016.7427089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/AEIT.2017.8240550"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSNW.2013.6615528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCICSS.2015.7420322"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","unstructured":"UNECE. 2020. [Online]. UN Regulations on Cybersecurity and Software Updates to pave the way for mass roll out of connected vehicles. Available: https:\/\/unece.org\/sustainable-development\/press\/un-regulations-cybersecurity-and-software-updates-pave-way-mass-roll. [Accessed 11.15.2022]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3134600.3134623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). 746--751","author":"Vliegen Jo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jo Vliegen, Md Masoom Rabbani, Mauro Conti, and Nele Mentens. 2019. SACHa: Self-attestation of configurable hardware. In 2019 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). 746--751."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2019.2908074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-37009-1_35"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3360513"}],"event":{"name":"CF '23: 20th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers","sponsor":["SIGMICRO ACM Special Interest Group on Microarchitectural Research and Processing"],"location":"Bologna Italy","acronym":"CF '23"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3587135.3592818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3587135.3592818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T16:47:14Z","timestamp":1750178834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3587135.3592818"}},"subtitle":["Towards bringing security to legacy-restricted Controller Area Networks. A review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3587135.3592818","10.1145\/3587135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3587135.3592818","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}