{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T05:30:31Z","timestamp":1781587831899,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":28,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3589335.3641249","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T18:41:21Z","timestamp":1715539281000},"page":"1276-1279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Understanding (Dark) Humour with Internet Meme Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6328-5889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming Shan","family":"Hee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9444-6913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0210-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanmoy","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1986-7750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roy Ka-Wei","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIIP53038.2021.9702696"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.aacl-main.31"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL-HLT). 4171--4186","author":"Devlin Jacob","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019. BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. In Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL-HLT). 4171--4186."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.semeval-1.74"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2023\/665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3581783.3613463"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3512260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","first-page":"2611","article-title":"The hateful memes challenge: Detecting hate speech in multimodal memes","volume":"33","author":"Kiela Douwe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Douwe Kiela, Hamed Firooz, Aravind Mohan, Vedanuj Goswami, Amanpreet Singh, Pratik Ringshia, and Davide Testuggine. 2020. The hateful memes challenge: Detecting hate speech in multimodal memes. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 33 (2020), 2611--2624.","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3384025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474085.3475625"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"A Multimodal Framework for the Detection of Hateful Memes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.12871","author":"Lippe Phillip","year":"2020","unstructured":"Phillip Lippe, Nithin Holla, Shantanu Chandra, Santhosh Rajamanickam, Georgios Antoniou, Ekaterina Shutova, and Helen Yannakoudakis. 2020. A Multimodal Framework for the Detection of Hateful Memes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.12871 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","volume":"32","author":"Lu Jiasen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiasen Lu, Dhruv Batra, Devi Parikh, and Stefan Lee. 2019. Vilbert: Pretraining task-agnostic visiolinguistic representations for vision-and-language tasks. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 32 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","unstructured":"MMEditing Contributors. 2022. MMEditing: OpenMMLab Image and Video Editing Toolbox. https:\/\/github.com\/open-mmlab\/mmediting."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of De-Factify: Workshop on Multimodal Fact Checking and Hate Speech Detection, CEUR.","author":"Nguyen Thanh Tin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thanh Tin Nguyen, Nhat Truong Pham, Ngoc Duy Nguyen, Hai Nguyen, Long H Nguyen, and Yong-Guk Kim. 2022. HCILab at Memotion 2.0 2022: Analysis of sentiment, emotion and intensity of emotion classes from meme images using single and multi modalities. In Proceedings of De-Factify: Workshop on Multimodal Fact Checking and Hate Speech Detection, CEUR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of De-Factify: Workshop on Multimodal Fact Checking and Hate Speech Detection, CEUR.","author":"Patwa Parth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parth Patwa, Sathyanarayanan Ramamoorthy, Nethra Gunti, Shreyash Mishra, S Suryavardan, Aishwarya Reganti, Amitava Das, Tanmoy Chakraborty, Amit Sheth, Asif Ekbal, et al. 2022. Findings of memotion 2: Sentiment and emotion analysis of memes. In Proceedings of De-Factify: Workshop on Multimodal Fact Checking and Hate Speech Detection, CEUR."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3587819.3592545"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.findings-acl.246"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","unstructured":"Shaoqing Ren Kaiming He Ross Girshick and Jian Sun. 2015. Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939778"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.semeval-1.99"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v37i8.26166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2022\/781"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.eacl-main.157"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the second workshop on trolling, aggression and cyberbullying. 32--41","author":"Suryawanshi Shardul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shardul Suryawanshi, Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi, Mihael Arcan, and Paul Buitelaar. 2020. Multimodal meme dataset (MultiOFF) for identifying offensive content in image and text. In Proceedings of the second workshop on trolling, aggression and cyberbullying. 32--41."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1514"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3477495.3532019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","volume-title":"A Faster Pytorch Implementation of Faster R-CNN. https:\/\/github.com\/jwyang\/faster-rcnn.pytorch","author":"Yang Jianwei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jianwei Yang, Jiasen Lu, Dhruv Batra, and Devi Parikh. 2017. A Faster Pytorch Implementation of Faster R-CNN. https:\/\/github.com\/jwyang\/faster-rcnn.pytorch (2017)."}],"event":{"name":"WWW '24: The ACM Web Conference 2024","location":"Singapore Singapore","acronym":"WWW '24","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web"]},"container-title":["Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3589335.3641249","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3589335.3641249","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:38:21Z","timestamp":1755823101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3589335.3641249"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3589335.3641249","10.1145\/3589335"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3589335.3641249","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}