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This survey, as one of the early attempts, presents the usage of machine learning in hardware security in a full and organized manner. Our contributions include classification and introduction to the relevant fields of machine learning, a comprehensive and critical overview of machine learning usage in hardware security, and an investigation of the hardware attacks against machine learning (neural network) implementations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3589506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T11:58:31Z","timestamp":1680004711000},"page":"1-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Survey on Machine Learning in Hardware Security"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7036-3670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Troya \u00c7a\u011f\u0131l","family":"K\u00f6yl\u00fc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6113-7041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cezar Rodolfo","family":"Wedig Reinbrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5909-4927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anteneh","family":"Gebregiorgis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8961-0387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Said","family":"Hamdioui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9911-4846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mottaqiallah","family":"Taouil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/wentk\/9780199918096.001.0001","volume-title":"Cybersecurity: What Everyone Needs to Know","author":"Singer Peter W.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peter W. 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