{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T07:36:37Z","timestamp":1772696197140,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":78,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-1956286, IIS-1955321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-1956286, IIS-1955321"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3593013.3594105","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T14:40:46Z","timestamp":1686580846000},"page":"1635-1651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Reducing Access Disparities in Networks using Edge Augmentation\u2731"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8894-9109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashkan","family":"Bashardoust","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6023-1597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sorelle","family":"Friedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haverford College, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9163-6136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Scheidegger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Posit PBC, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7720-6208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blair D.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7679-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suresh","family":"Venkatasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Junaid Ali Mahmoudreza Babaei Abhijnan Chakraborty Baharan Mirzasoleiman Krishna P. Gummadi and Adish Singla. 2019. On the Fairness of Time-Critical Influence Maximization in Social Networks."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Learning Representations. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=i80OPhOCVH2","author":"Alon Uri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Uri Alon and Eran Yahav. 2021. On the Bottleneck of Graph Neural Networks and its Practical Implications. In International Conference on Learning Representations. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=i80OPhOCVH2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Adrian Arnaiz-Rodriguez Ahmed Begga Francisco Escolano and Nuria Oliver. 2022. DiffWire: Inductive Graph Rewiring via the Lov\u00e1sz Bound. arxiv:2206.07369 [cs.LG]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Friendship networks and social status. Network Science 1, 1","author":"Ball Brian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brian Ball and M.E.J. Newman. 2013. Friendship networks and social status. Network Science 1, 1 (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i01.5327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i17.17725"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Clustering via Information Access in a Network. arXiv abs\/2010.12611","author":"Beilinson Hannah C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hannah C. Beilinson, Nasanbayar Ulzii-Orshikh, Ashkan Bashardoust, Sorelle A. Friedler, Carlos E. Scheidegger, and Suresh Venkatasubramanian. 2020. Clustering via Information Access in a Network. arXiv abs\/2010.12611 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Wendong Bi Lun Du Qiang Fu Yanlin Wang Shi Han and Dongmei Zhang. 2022. Make Heterophily Graphs Better Fit GNN: A Graph Rewiring Approach. arxiv:2209.08264 [cs.LG]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611973402.70"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"The networked nature of algorithmic discrimination. Data and Discrimination: Collected Essays","author":"Boyd Danah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Danah Boyd, Karen Levy, and Alice Marwick. 2014. The networked nature of algorithmic discrimination. Data and Discrimination: Collected Essays. Open Technology Institute (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"295","article-title":"Power in Organizations: A Social Network Perspective","volume":"4","author":"Brass Daniel J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Daniel J. Brass. 1992. Power in Organizations: A Social Network Perspective. Research in Politics and Society 4 (1992), 295\u2013323. Issue 1.","journal-title":"Research in Politics and Society"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421787"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/228667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000271629956600104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-3085(00)22009-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.11.2.123.12506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-113011-143828"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8733(86)80017-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-022-00183-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1835804.1835934"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1400005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Aaron Clauset Ellen Tucker and Matthias Sainz. 2016. The Colorado Index of Complex Networks.https:\/\/icon.colorado.edu\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/228943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Medical Innovation: A diffusion study. Bobbs-Merril","author":"Coleman James S.","year":"1966","unstructured":"James S. Coleman, Elihu Katz, and Herbert Menzel. 1966. Medical Innovation: A diffusion study. Bobbs-Merril, New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"danah boyd. 2021. Knitting a Healthy Social Fabric.https:\/\/zephoria.medium.com\/knitting-a-healthy-social-fabric-86105cb92c1c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcs.2018.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13731-0_39"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/502512.502525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3512173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313680"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3033543"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. C. Fung Z. T. Tse and K. W. Fu. 2015. The use of social media in public health surveillance. Western Pac Surveill Response Journal (6 2015).","DOI":"10.5365\/wpsar.2015.6.1.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icc\/11.4.623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Francesco Di Giovanni Lorenzo Giusti Federico Barbero Giulia Luise Pietro Lio\u2019 and Michael Bronstein. 2023. On Over-Squashing in Message Passing Neural Networks: The Impact of Width Depth and Topology. arxiv:2302.02941 [cs.LG]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/225469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"The Human Network: How Your Social Position Determines Your Power, Beliefs, and Behaviors","author":"Jackson Matthew","unstructured":"Matthew Jackson. 2019. The Human Network: How Your Social Position Determines Your Power, Beliefs, and Behaviors. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3578268"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611976236.69"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3512169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=3YjQfCLdrzz","author":"Karhadkar Kedar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kedar Karhadkar, Pradeep Kr. Banerjee, and Guido Montufar. 2023. FoSR: First-order spectral rewiring for addressing oversquashing in GNNs. In The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=3YjQfCLdrzz"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Homophily influences ranking of minorities in social networks. Scientific Reports 8 (07","author":"Karimi Fariba","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fariba Karimi, Mathieu G\u00e9nois, Claudia Wagner, Philipp Singer, and Markus Strohmaier. 2018. Homophily influences ranking of minorities in social networks. Scientific Reports 8 (07 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Lazarsfeld","author":"Katz Elihu","year":"1966","unstructured":"Elihu Katz and Paul F. Lazarsfeld. 1966. Personal Influence: the Part Played by People in the Flow of Mass Communications. Free Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/956750.956769"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Mahmoudreza Babaei, Jessica Hoffmann, Mahdi Jalili, and Adrian Weller.","author":"Khajehnejad Moein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moein Khajehnejad, Ahmad Asgharian Rezaei, Mahmoudreza Babaei, Jessica Hoffmann, Mahdi Jalili, and Adrian Weller. 2021. Adversarial Graph Embeddings for Fair Influence Maximization over Social Networks(IJCAI\u201920). Article 594, 7 pages."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Applied Network Analysis","author":"Knoke David","year":"1983","unstructured":"David Knoke and Ronald S Burt. 1983. Prominence. Applied Network Analysis (1983), 195\u2013222."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1401890.1401948"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1756006.1756039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"Jure Leskovec and Andrej Krevl. 2014. SNAP Datasets: Stanford Large Network Dataset Collection. http:\/\/snap.stanford.edu\/data."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2807843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.25.1.467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.49.4.497.14422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","unstructured":"John Stuart Mills. 1848. Principles of Political Economy. Augustus M. Kelley Fairchild N.J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-018-0166-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i13.17383"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3461702.3462615"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"A Theory of Justice","author":"Rawls John","unstructured":"John Rawls. 2009. A Theory of Justice. Harvard University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","volume-title":"Diffusion of Innovations","author":"Rogers Everett M.","unstructured":"Everett M. Rogers. 1962. Diffusion of Innovations. Free Press of Glencoe."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","volume-title":"New York: Oxford University Press.","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rasmussen SA and Goodman RA. 2019. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. New York: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0022250X.1971.9989794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Fairness in Social Influence Maximization. In Companion Proceedings of The 2019 World Wide Web Conference. Association for Computing Machinery, 569\u2013574","author":"Stoica Ana-Andreea","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ana-Andreea Stoica and Augustin Chaintreau. 2019. Fairness in Social Influence Maximization. In Companion Proceedings of The 2019 World Wide Web Conference. Association for Computing Machinery, 569\u2013574."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference, 923\u2013932","author":"Stoica Ana-Andreea","unstructured":"Ana-Andreea Stoica and Christopher J. Riederer. 2018. Algorithmic Glass Ceiling in Social Networks: The effects of social recommendations on network diversity. WWW \u201918: Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference, 923\u2013932."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","unstructured":"Cassidy R. Sugimoto. 2021. Scientific success by numbers. https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-021-01169-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3551793.3551824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2588555.2593670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Learning Representations. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=7UmjRGzp-A","author":"Topping Jake","unstructured":"Jake Topping, Francesco Di Giovanni, Benjamin Paul Chamberlain, Xiaowen Dong, and Michael M. Bronstein. 2022. Understanding over-squashing and bottlenecks on graphs via curvature. In International Conference on Learning Representations. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=7UmjRGzp-A"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2019\/831"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"The Anatomy of the Facebook Social Graph. arXiv abs\/1111.4503 (11","author":"Ugander Johan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Johan Ugander, Brian Karrer, Lars Backstrom, and Cameron Marlow. 2011. The Anatomy of the Facebook Social Graph. arXiv abs\/1111.4503 (11 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198106297855"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_72_1","volume-title":"Ira Ktena, Petar Veli\u010dkovi\u0107, and Sreenivas Gollapudi.","author":"Velingker Ameya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ameya Velingker, Ali Kemal Sinop, Ira Ktena, Petar Veli\u010dkovi\u0107, and Sreenivas Gollapudi. 2022. Affinity-Aware Graph Networks. arxiv:2206.11941 [cs.LG]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_73_1","volume-title":"The Sources of Innovation","author":"von Hippel Eric A.","unstructured":"Eric A. von Hippel. 1988. The Sources of Innovation. Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"Information Access Equality on Network Generative Models. ArXiv abs\/2107.02263","author":"Wang Xindi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xindi Wang, Onur Varol, and Tina Eliassi-Rad. 2021. Information Access Equality on Network Generative Models. ArXiv abs\/2107.02263 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2872427.2883073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_76_1","volume-title":"Clinical trial of an AI-augmented intervention for HIV prevention in youth experiencing homelessness. arXiv abs\/2009.09559","author":"Wilder Bryan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bryan Wilder, Laura Onasch-Vera, Graham Diguiseppi, Robin Petering, Chyna Hill, Amulya Yadav, Eric Rice, and Milind Tambe. 2020. Clinical trial of an AI-augmented intervention for HIV prevention in youth experiencing homelessness. arXiv abs\/2009.09559 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_77_1","volume-title":"End-to-End Influence Maximization in the Field. In International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-18)","author":"Wilder Bryan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bryan Wilder, Laura Onasch-Vera, Juliana Hudson, Jose Luna, Nicole Wilson, Robin Petering, Darlene Woo, Milind Tambe, and Eric Rice. 2018. End-to-End Influence Maximization in the Field. In International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-18)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/761"}],"event":{"name":"FAccT '23: the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","location":"Chicago IL USA","acronym":"FAccT '23"},"container-title":["2023 ACM Conference on Fairness Accountability and Transparency"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3593013.3594105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3593013.3594105","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3593013.3594105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T16:37:19Z","timestamp":1750178239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3593013.3594105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3593013.3594105","10.1145\/3593013"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3593013.3594105","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}