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Although the latter is useful for building physical unclonable functions, it is interfering with the application as an entropy source.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this article, we investigate an approach to increase reliability. We show that adding a third stage eliminates much of the susceptibility to process variation and how a resulting gigahertz oscillation can be evaluated on an FPGA. The design is supported by physical and stochastic modeling. The physical model is validated using an experiment with dynamically reconfigurable look-up tables.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3597418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T12:02:12Z","timestamp":1684843332000},"page":"1-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Increasing the Robustness of TERO-TRNGs Against Process Variation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4689-8691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Skubich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7149-8238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Reichel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9687-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Reichenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2020.2977920"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00145-010-9089-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10127-010-0001-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00145-018-9291-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TETC.2013.2287182"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSCAS.2016.7870007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634760"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2016.2524666"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASYNC.2013.15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40349-1_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2021.3111049"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2021.3121537"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","author":"Delvaux Jeroen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jeroen Delvaux. 2019. 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