{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:44:40Z","timestamp":1778759080104,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":95,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]],"date-time":"2023-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016682","name":"VMware","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016682","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004351","name":"Cisco Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004351","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-2104548"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2104548"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3604930.3605722","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T18:39:51Z","timestamp":1691001591000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An Agile Pathway Towards Carbon-aware Clouds"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3611-5160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pratyush","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5828-8014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theo","family":"Gregersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2951-0343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2022","unstructured":"3Degrees. 2022 . Google Cloud Services Carbon Footprint Methodology Review . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/services.google.com\/fh\/files\/misc\/3degrees_cloud_services_review_statement_final.pdf. 3Degrees. 2022. Google Cloud Services Carbon Footprint Methodology Review. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/services.google.com\/fh\/files\/misc\/3degrees_cloud_services_review_statement_final.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Pekka Abrahamsson Outi Salo Jussi Ronkainen and Juhani Warsta. 2017. Agile Software Development Methods: Review and Analysis. arXiv preprint arXiv:1709.08439.  Pekka Abrahamsson Outi Salo Jussi Ronkainen and Juhani Warsta. 2017. Agile Software Development Methods: Review and Analysis. arXiv preprint arXiv:1709.08439."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Carbon Explorer: A Holistic Framework for Designing Carbon Aware Datacenters. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS).","author":"Acun Bilge","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bilge Acun , Benjamin Lee , Fiodar Kazhamiaka , Kiwan Maeng , Udit Gupta , Manoj Chakkaravarthy , David Brooks , and Carole-Jean Wu . 2023 . Carbon Explorer: A Holistic Framework for Designing Carbon Aware Datacenters. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS). Bilge Acun, Benjamin Lee, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Kiwan Maeng, Udit Gupta, Manoj Chakkaravarthy, David Brooks, and Carole-Jean Wu. 2023. Carbon Explorer: A Holistic Framework for Designing Carbon Aware Datacenters. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"International Energy Agency","year":"2022","unstructured":"International Energy Agency . 2022 . Data Centres and Data Transmissions Networks . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/data-centres-and-data-transmission-networks. International Energy Agency. 2022. Data Centres and Data Transmissions Networks. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/data-centres-and-data-transmission-networks."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"International Energy Agency","year":"2022","unstructured":"International Energy Agency . 2022 . Global Data Centre Energy Demand by Data Centre Type . Retrieved May 21, 2023 from https:\/\/www.iea.org\/data-and-statistics\/charts\/global-data-centre-energy-demand-by-data-centre-type. International Energy Agency. 2022. Global Data Centre Energy Demand by Data Centre Type. Retrieved May 21, 2023 from https:\/\/www.iea.org\/data-and-statistics\/charts\/global-data-centre-energy-demand-by-data-centre-type."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"International Energy Agency","year":"2022","unstructured":"International Energy Agency . 2022 . Renewable Electricity . Retrieved May 21, 2023 from https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/renewables-2022\/renewable-electricity. International Energy Agency. 2022. Renewable Electricity. Retrieved May 21, 2023 from https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/renewables-2022\/renewable-electricity."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Providing SLOs for Resource-Harvesting VMs in Cloud Platforms. USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI).","author":"Ambati Pradeep","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pradeep Ambati , \u00cd\u00f1igo Goiri , Felipe Frujeri , Alper Gun , Ke Wang , Brian Dolan , Brian Corell , Sekhar Pasupuleti , Thomas Moscibroda , Sameh Elnikety , Marcus Fontoura , and Ricardo Bianchini . 2020 . Providing SLOs for Resource-Harvesting VMs in Cloud Platforms. USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI). Pradeep Ambati, \u00cd\u00f1igo Goiri, Felipe Frujeri, Alper Gun, Ke Wang, Brian Dolan, Brian Corell, Sekhar Pasupuleti, Thomas Moscibroda, Sameh Elnikety, Marcus Fontoura, and Ricardo Bianchini. 2020. Providing SLOs for Resource-Harvesting VMs in Cloud Platforms. USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"AMD.","year":"2023","unstructured":"AMD. ROCm Open Software Platform for GPU Compute . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.amd.com\/en\/graphics\/servers-solutions-rocm. AMD. ROCm Open Software Platform for GPU Compute. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.amd.com\/en\/graphics\/servers-solutions-rocm."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Nina Amenta and Angela Sanguinetti. 2020. Adding Carbon to the Equation in Online Flight Search. UC Davis: National Center for Sustainable Transportation.  Nina Amenta and Angela Sanguinetti. 2020. Adding Carbon to the Equation in Online Flight Search. UC Davis: National Center for Sustainable Transportation."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon).","author":"Anand Vaastav","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vaastav Anand , Zhiqiang Xie , Matheus Stolet , Roberta De Viti , Thomas Davidson , Reyhaneh Karimipour , Safya Alzayat , and Jonathan Mace . 2022 . The Odd One Out: Energy is not like Other Metrics . Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon). Vaastav Anand, Zhiqiang Xie, Matheus Stolet, Roberta De Viti, Thomas Davidson, Reyhaneh Karimipour, Safya Alzayat, and Jonathan Mace. 2022. The Odd One Out: Energy is not like Other Metrics. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Treehouse: A Case For Carbon-Aware Datacenter Software. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon).","author":"Anderson Thomas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thomas Anderson , Adam Belay , Mosharaf Chowdhury , Asaf Cidon , and Irene Zhang . 2022 . Treehouse: A Case For Carbon-Aware Datacenter Software. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon). Thomas Anderson, Adam Belay, Mosharaf Chowdhury, Asaf Cidon, and Irene Zhang. 2022. Treehouse: A Case For Carbon-Aware Datacenter Software. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luiz Andr\u00e9 Barroso Urs H\u00f6lzle and Parthasarathy Ranganathan. 2018. The Datacenter as a Computer: Designing Warehouse-Scale Machines. Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture.  Luiz Andr\u00e9 Barroso Urs H\u00f6lzle and Parthasarathy Ranganathan. 2018. The Datacenter as a Computer: Designing Warehouse-Scale Machines. Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-01761-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Enabling Sustainable Clouds: The Case for Virtualizing the Energy System. ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing (SoCC).","author":"Guo Noman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bashir, Noman and Guo , Tian and Hajiesmaili , Mohammad and Irwin , David and Shenoy , Prashant and Sitaraman , Ramesh and Souza , Abel and Wierman , Adam. 2021 . Enabling Sustainable Clouds: The Case for Virtualizing the Energy System. ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing (SoCC). Bashir, Noman and Guo, Tian and Hajiesmaili, Mohammad and Irwin, David and Shenoy, Prashant and Sitaraman, Ramesh and Souza, Abel and Wierman, Adam. 2021. Enabling Sustainable Clouds: The Case for Virtualizing the Energy System. ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing (SoCC)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","article-title":"Optimizing Server Refresh Cycles: The Case for Circular Economy with an Aging Moore's Law","author":"Bashroush Rabih","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rabih Bashroush , Nour Rteil , Rich Kenny , and Astrid Wynne . 2020 . Optimizing Server Refresh Cycles: The Case for Circular Economy with an Aging Moore's Law . IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing. Rabih Bashroush, Nour Rteil, Rich Kenny, and Astrid Wynne. 2020. Optimizing Server Refresh Cycles: The Case for Circular Economy with an Aging Moore's Law. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT).","author":"Bender Emily M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Emily M Bender , Timnit Gebru , Angelina McMillan-Major , and Shmargaret Shmitchell . 2021 . On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT). Emily M Bender, Timnit Gebru, Angelina McMillan-Major, and Shmargaret Shmitchell. 2021. On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Site Reliability Engineering: How Google Runs Production Systems","author":"Beyer Betsy","unstructured":"Betsy Beyer , Chris Jones , Jennifer Petoff , and Niall Richard Murphy . 2016. Site Reliability Engineering: How Google Runs Production Systems . O'Reilly Media, Inc. Betsy Beyer, Chris Jones, Jennifer Petoff, and Niall Richard Murphy. 2016. Site Reliability Engineering: How Google Runs Production Systems. O'Reilly Media, Inc."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Daniel Bizo. 2019. The Carbon Reduction Opportunity of Moving to Amazon Web Services.  Daniel Bizo. 2019. The Carbon Reduction Opportunity of Moving to Amazon Web Services."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Borkar Rani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rani Borkar . 2022 . Learn How Microsoft Circular Centers are Scaling Cloud Supply Chain Sustainability . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/azure.microsoft.com\/en-us\/blog\/learn-how-microsoft-circular-centers-are-scaling-cloud-supply-chain-sustainability\/. Rani Borkar. 2022. Learn How Microsoft Circular Centers are Scaling Cloud Supply Chain Sustainability. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/azure.microsoft.com\/en-us\/blog\/learn-how-microsoft-circular-centers-are-scaling-cloud-supply-chain-sustainability\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"California ISO. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/www.caiso.com\/.  California ISO. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/www.caiso.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO).","author":"Caulfield Adrian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adrian Caulfield , Eric Chung , Andrew Putnam , Hari Angepat , Jeremy Fowers , Michael Haselman , Stephen Heil , Matt Humphrey , Puneet Kaur , Joo-Young Kim , Daniel Lo , Todd Massengill , Kalin Ovtcharov , Michael Papamichael , Lisa Woods , Sitaram Lanka , Derek Chiou , and Doug Burger . 2016 . A Cloud-scale Acceleration Architecture . International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO). Adrian Caulfield, Eric Chung, Andrew Putnam, Hari Angepat, Jeremy Fowers, Michael Haselman, Stephen Heil, Matt Humphrey, Puneet Kaur, Joo-Young Kim, Daniel Lo, Todd Massengill, Kalin Ovtcharov, Michael Papamichael, Lisa Woods, Sitaram Lanka, Derek Chiou, and Doug Burger. 2016. A Cloud-scale Acceleration Architecture. International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Why '100% Renewable Energy' Pledges are Not Enough. Retrieved","author":"Chalendar Jacques De","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jacques De Chalendar . 2019 . Why '100% Renewable Energy' Pledges are Not Enough. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/d75f49d0-103f-11ea-a225-db2f231cfeae. Jacques De Chalendar. 2019. Why '100% Renewable Energy' Pledges are Not Enough. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/d75f49d0-103f-11ea-a225-db2f231cfeae."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"PARTIES: QoS-aware Resource Partitioning for Multiple Interactive Services. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS).","author":"Chen Shuang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shuang Chen , Christina Delimitrou , and Jos\u00e9 F Mart\u0131nez . 2019 . PARTIES: QoS-aware Resource Partitioning for Multiple Interactive Services. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS). Shuang Chen, Christina Delimitrou, and Jos\u00e9 F Mart\u0131nez. 2019. PARTIES: QoS-aware Resource Partitioning for Multiple Interactive Services. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Cloud Google","year":"2023","unstructured":"Google Cloud . Carbon Footprint Reporting Methodology . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/carbon-footprint\/docs\/methodology. Google Cloud. Carbon Footprint Reporting Methodology. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/carbon-footprint\/docs\/methodology."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Docker. Docker Hub Container Image Library . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/. Docker. Docker Hub Container Image Library. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Docs NGINX","year":"2023","unstructured":"NGINX Docs . Sidecar Proxy Injection . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/docs.nginx.com\/nginx-service-mesh\/guides\/inject-sidecar-proxy\/. NGINX Docs. Sidecar Proxy Injection. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/docs.nginx.com\/nginx-service-mesh\/guides\/inject-sidecar-proxy\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Manuel Mazzara, Fabrizio Montesi, Ruslan Mustafin, and Larisa Safina.","author":"Dragoni Nicola","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nicola Dragoni , Saverio Giallorenzo , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Manuel Mazzara, Fabrizio Montesi, Ruslan Mustafin, and Larisa Safina. 2017 . Microservices : Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Present and Ulterior Software Engineering . Nicola Dragoni, Saverio Giallorenzo, Alberto Lluch Lafuente, Manuel Mazzara, Fabrizio Montesi, Ruslan Mustafin, and Larisa Safina. 2017. Microservices: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Present and Ulterior Software Engineering."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"Envoy Proxy. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/www.envoyproxy.io\/.  Envoy Proxy. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/www.envoyproxy.io\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"International Institute for Strategic Studies. 2023. Large Language Models: Fast Proliferation and Budding International Competition. Strategic Comments.  International Institute for Strategic Studies. 2023. Large Language Models: Fast Proliferation and Budding International Competition. Strategic Comments."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"The Design of Ecofeedback Technology. SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI).","author":"Froehlich Jon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jon Froehlich , Leah Findlater , and James Landay . 2010 . The Design of Ecofeedback Technology. SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI). Jon Froehlich, Leah Findlater, and James Landay. 2010. The Design of Ecofeedback Technology. SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Migrating Enterprise Legacy Source Code to Microservices: On Multitenancy, Statefulness, and Data Consistency","author":"Furda Andrei","unstructured":"Andrei Furda , Colin Fidge , Olaf Zimmermann , Wayne Kelly , and Alistair Barros . 2017. Migrating Enterprise Legacy Source Code to Microservices: On Multitenancy, Statefulness, and Data Consistency . IEEE Software . Andrei Furda, Colin Fidge, Olaf Zimmermann, Wayne Kelly, and Alistair Barros. 2017. Migrating Enterprise Legacy Source Code to Microservices: On Multitenancy, Statefulness, and Data Consistency. IEEE Software."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Giannini Steren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Steren Giannini . 2021 . Helping You Pick the Greenest Region for Your Google Cloud Resources . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/blog\/topics\/sustainability\/pick-the-google-cloud-region-with-the-lowest-co2. Steren Giannini. 2021. Helping You Pick the Greenest Region for Your Google Cloud Resources. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/blog\/topics\/sustainability\/pick-the-google-cloud-region-with-the-lowest-co2."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","unstructured":"Google. 2018. Moving Toward 24x7 Carbon-Free Energy at Google Data Centers: Progress and Insights.  Google. 2018. Moving Toward 24x7 Carbon-Free Energy at Google Data Centers: Progress and Insights."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2022","unstructured":"Google. 2022 . Remote Attestation of Disaggregated Machines . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/docs\/security\/remote-attestation. Google. 2022. Remote Attestation of Disaggregated Machines. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/docs\/security\/remote-attestation."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Google. Sustainability Reports. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/sustainability.google\/reports\/.  Google. Sustainability Reports. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/sustainability.google\/reports\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Google Cloud. Operations Suite. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/products\/operations.  Google Cloud. Operations Suite. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/products\/operations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Grafana","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grafana : The Open Observability Platform . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/grafana.com\/. Grafana: The Open Observability Platform. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/grafana.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"Green Software Foundation. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/greensoftware.foundation\/.  Green Software Foundation. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/greensoftware.foundation\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Foundation Green Software","year":"2023","unstructured":"Green Software Foundation . 2023 . Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/github.com\/Green-Software-Foundation\/sci. Green Software Foundation. 2023. Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/github.com\/Green-Software-Foundation\/sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Chasing Carbon: The Elusive Environmental Footprint of Computing. IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA).","author":"Gupta Udit","year":"2021","unstructured":"Udit Gupta , Young Geun Kim , Sylvia Lee , Jordan Tse , Hsien-Hsin S Lee , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks , and Carole-Jean Wu . 2021 . Chasing Carbon: The Elusive Environmental Footprint of Computing. IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA). Udit Gupta, Young Geun Kim, Sylvia Lee, Jordan Tse, Hsien-Hsin S Lee, Gu-Yeon Wei, David Brooks, and Carole-Jean Wu. 2021. Chasing Carbon: The Elusive Environmental Footprint of Computing. IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Irit Hadar Tomer Hasson Oshrat Ayalon Eran Toch Michael Birnhack Sofia Sherman and Arod Balissa. 2018. Privacy by Designers: Software Developers' Privacy Mindset. Empirical Software Engineering.  Irit Hadar Tomer Hasson Oshrat Ayalon Eran Toch Michael Birnhack Sofia Sherman and Arod Balissa. 2018. Privacy by Designers: Software Developers' Privacy Mindset. Empirical Software Engineering.","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3182531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Monolithic Architecture. Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Harris, Chandler. Microservices vs . Monolithic Architecture. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.atlassian.com\/microservices\/microservices-architecture\/microservices-vs-monolith. Harris, Chandler. Microservices vs. Monolithic Architecture. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.atlassian.com\/microservices\/microservices-architecture\/microservices-vs-monolith."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","unstructured":"hubblo-org. Scaphandre. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/github.com\/hubblo-org\/scaphandre.  hubblo-org. Scaphandre. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/github.com\/hubblo-org\/scaphandre."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Carbon-Efficient Applications. Retrieved","author":"Hussain Asim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asim Hussain . 2020 . Carbon-Aware vs . Carbon-Efficient Applications. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/devblogs.microsoft.com\/sustainable-software\/carbon-aware-vs-carbon-efficient-applications\/. Asim Hussain. 2020. Carbon-Aware vs. Carbon-Efficient Applications. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/devblogs.microsoft.com\/sustainable-software\/carbon-aware-vs-carbon-efficient-applications\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","unstructured":"Intel. 2023. Intel\u00ae 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual.  Intel. 2023. Intel\u00ae 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","unstructured":"Intel Hewlett Packard NEC and Dell. 2013. Intelligent Platform Management Interface Specification.  Intel Hewlett Packard NEC and Dell. 2013. Intelligent Platform Management Interface Specification."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA).","author":"Islam Mohammad A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohammad A Islam , Xiaoqi Ren , Shaolei Ren , Adam Wierman , and Xiaorui Wang . 2016 . A Market Approach for Handling Power Emergencies in Multitenant Data Center . IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA). Mohammad A Islam, Xiaoqi Ren, Shaolei Ren, Adam Wierman, and Xiaorui Wang. 2016. A Market Approach for Handling Power Emergencies in Multitenant Data Center. IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yavor Ivanov Rosen Ivanov Georgi Kadikyanov Gergana Staneva and Igor Danilov. 2019. A Study of the Fuel Consumption of Hybrid Car Toyota Yaris. Transport Problems.  Yavor Ivanov Rosen Ivanov Georgi Kadikyanov Gergana Staneva and Igor Danilov. 2019. A Study of the Fuel Consumption of Hybrid Car Toyota Yaris. Transport Problems.","DOI":"10.21307\/tp.2019.14.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2021","unstructured":"Joppa, Lucas. 2021 . Made to Measure: Sustainability Commitment Progress and Updates . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/blogs.microsoft.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/14\/made-to-measure-sustainability-commitment-progress-and-updates\/. Joppa, Lucas. 2021. Made to Measure: Sustainability Commitment Progress and Updates. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/blogs.microsoft.com\/blog\/2021\/07\/14\/made-to-measure-sustainability-commitment-progress-and-updates\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA).","author":"Jouppi Norman P.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Norman P. Jouppi , Doe Hyun Yoon , Matthew Ashcraft , Mark Gottscho , Thomas B. Jablin , George Kurian , James Laudon , Sheng Li , Peter Ma , Xiaoyu Ma , Thomas Norrie , Nishant Patil , Sushma Prasad , Cliff Young , Zongwei Zhou , and David Patterson . 2021 . Ten Lessons from Three Generations Shaped Google's TPUv4i . International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA). Norman P. Jouppi, Doe Hyun Yoon, Matthew Ashcraft, Mark Gottscho, Thomas B. Jablin, George Kurian, James Laudon, Sheng Li, Peter Ma, Xiaoyu Ma, Thomas Norrie, Nishant Patil, Sushma Prasad, Cliff Young, Zongwei Zhou, and David Patterson. 2021. Ten Lessons from Three Generations Shaped Google's TPUv4i. International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"Blagovesta Kostova Seda F. G\u00fcrses and Carmela Troncoso. 2020. Privacy Engineering Meets Software Engineering. On the Challenges of Engineering Privacy ByDesign. ArXiv abs\/2007.08613.  Blagovesta Kostova Seda F. G\u00fcrses and Carmela Troncoso. 2020. Privacy Engineering Meets Software Engineering. On the Challenges of Engineering Privacy ByDesign. ArXiv abs\/2007.08613."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","unstructured":"Linkerd. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/linkerd.io\/.  Linkerd. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/linkerd.io\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40001.2021.00063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"Hyrax: Fail-in-Place Operation in Cloud Platforms. USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI).","author":"Lyu Jialun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jialun Lyu , Daniel S. Berger , Marisa You , Celine Irvene , Mark Jung , Tyler Narmore , Jacob Shapiro , Luke Marshall , Savyasachi Samal , Ioannis Manousakis , Ashish Raniwala , Ricardo Bianchini , and Bianca Schroeder . 2023 . Hyrax: Fail-in-Place Operation in Cloud Platforms. USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI). Jialun Lyu, Daniel S. Berger, Marisa You, Celine Irvene, Mark Jung, Tyler Narmore, Jacob Shapiro, Luke Marshall, Savyasachi Samal, Ioannis Manousakis, Ashish Raniwala, Ricardo Bianchini, and Bianca Schroeder. 2023. Hyrax: Fail-in-Place Operation in Cloud Platforms. USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2021","unstructured":"Microsoft. 2021 . A New Approach for Scope 3 Emissions Transparency . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/go.microsoft.com\/fwlink\/p\/?linkid=2161861. Microsoft. 2021. A New Approach for Scope 3 Emissions Transparency. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/go.microsoft.com\/fwlink\/p\/?linkid=2161861."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Microsoft. Azure Container Registry . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/azure.microsoft.com\/en-us\/products\/container-registry\/. Microsoft. Azure Container Registry. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/azure.microsoft.com\/en-us\/products\/container-registry\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Microsoft. Emissions Impact Dashboard . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sustainability\/emissions-impact-dashboard. Microsoft. Emissions Impact Dashboard. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sustainability\/emissions-impact-dashboard."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2022","unstructured":"Microsoft. 2022 . Environmental Sustainability Report . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aka.ms\/SustainabilityReport2022. Microsoft. 2022. Environmental Sustainability Report. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aka.ms\/SustainabilityReport2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Microsoft. 2023 . Microsoft Cloud for Sustainability API Calculation Methodology . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/industry\/sustainability\/api-calculation-method. Microsoft. 2023. Microsoft Cloud for Sustainability API Calculation Methodology. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/industry\/sustainability\/api-calculation-method."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Microsoft. The Principles of Sustainable Software Engineering . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aka.ms\/sse\/learn. Microsoft. The Principles of Sustainable Software Engineering. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aka.ms\/sse\/learn."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3317550.3321432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Mytton. 2020. Hiding Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Cloud. Nature Climate Change.  David Mytton. 2020. Hiding Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Cloud. Nature Climate Change.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-020-0837-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"NVIDIA.","year":"2023","unstructured":"NVIDIA. System Management Interface . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/developer.nvidia.com\/nvidia-system-management-interface. NVIDIA. System Management Interface. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/developer.nvidia.com\/nvidia-system-management-interface."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2022 . Sixth Assessment Report . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/assessment-report\/ar6\/. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2022. Sixth Assessment Report. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/assessment-report\/ar6\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2015","author":"United","year":"2015","unstructured":"United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2015 . Adoption of the Paris Agreement. FCCC\/CP\/ 2015 \/L.9\/Rev.1. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2015. Adoption of the Paris Agreement. FCCC\/CP\/2015\/L.9\/Rev.1."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Towards Improved Power Management in Cloud GPUs","author":"Patel Pratyush","unstructured":"Pratyush Patel , Zibo Gong , Syeda Rizvi , Esha Choukse , Pulkit Misra , Thomas Anderson , and Akshitha Sriraman . 2023. Towards Improved Power Management in Cloud GPUs . IEEE Computer Architecture Letters . Pratyush Patel, Zibo Gong, Syeda Rizvi, Esha Choukse, Pulkit Misra, Thomas Anderson, and Akshitha Sriraman. 2023. Towards Improved Power Management in Cloud GPUs. IEEE Computer Architecture Letters."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","unstructured":"Pratyush Patel Katie Lim Kushal Jhunjhunwalla Ashlie Martinez Max Demoulin Jacob Nelson Irene Zhang and Thomas Anderson. 2023. Hybrid Computing for Interactive Datacenter Applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.04488.  Pratyush Patel Katie Lim Kushal Jhunjhunwalla Ashlie Martinez Max Demoulin Jacob Nelson Irene Zhang and Thomas Anderson. 2023. Hybrid Computing for Interactive Datacenter Applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.04488."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Patterson Joseph Gonzalez Urs H\u00f6lzle Quoc Le Chen Liang Lluis-Miquel Munguia Daniel Rothchild David R So Maud Texier and Jeff Dean. 2022. The Carbon Footprint of Machine Learning Training Will Plateau Then Shrink. Computer.  David Patterson Joseph Gonzalez Urs H\u00f6lzle Quoc Le Chen Liang Lluis-Miquel Munguia Daniel Rothchild David R So Maud Texier and Jeff Dean. 2022. The Carbon Footprint of Machine Learning Training Will Plateau Then Shrink. Computer.","DOI":"10.36227\/techrxiv.19139645.v2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Protocol Greenhouse Gas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Greenhouse Gas Protocol . 2015 . A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/ghgprotocol.org\/corporate-standard. Greenhouse Gas Protocol. 2015. A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/ghgprotocol.org\/corporate-standard."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","article-title":"Carbon-aware Computing for Datacenters","author":"Radovanovi\u0107 Ana","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ana Radovanovi\u0107 , Ross Koningstein , Ian Schneider , Bokan Chen , Alexandre Duarte , Binz Roy , Diyue Xiao , Maya Haridasan , Patrick Hung , Nick Care , Saurav Talukdar , Eric Mullen , Kendal Smith , MariEllen Cottman , and Walfredo Cirne . 2022 . Carbon-aware Computing for Datacenters . IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. Ana Radovanovi\u0107, Ross Koningstein, Ian Schneider, Bokan Chen, Alexandre Duarte, Binz Roy, Diyue Xiao, Maya Haridasan, Patrick Hung, Nick Care, Saurav Talukdar, Eric Mullen, Kendal Smith, MariEllen Cottman, and Walfredo Cirne. 2022. Carbon-aware Computing for Datacenters. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Rensin Dave","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dave Rensin . 2016 . Introducing Google Customer Reliability Engineering (CRE) . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/blog\/products\/devops-sre\/introducing-a-new-era-of-customer-support-google-customer-reliability-engineering. Dave Rensin. 2016. Introducing Google Customer Reliability Engineering (CRE). Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/blog\/products\/devops-sre\/introducing-a-new-era-of-customer-support-google-customer-reliability-engineering."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_71_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Salesforce. 2023 . Stakeholder Impact Report . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/stakeholderimpactreport.salesforce.com\/. Salesforce. 2023. Stakeholder Impact Report. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/stakeholderimpactreport.salesforce.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_72_1","volume-title":"An Empirical Investigation. International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE).","author":"Senarath Awanthika","unstructured":"Awanthika Senarath and Nalin A. G. Arachchilage . 2018. Why Developers Cannot Embed Privacy into Software Systems? An Empirical Investigation. International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE). Awanthika Senarath and Nalin A. G. Arachchilage. 2018. Why Developers Cannot Embed Privacy into Software Systems? An Empirical Investigation. International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Awanthika Senarath Marthie Grobler and Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage. 2019. Will They Use It or Not? Investigating Software Developers' Intention to Follow Privacy Engineering Methodologies. ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security (TOPS).  Awanthika Senarath Marthie Grobler and Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage. 2019. Will They Use It or Not? Investigating Software Developers' Intention to Follow Privacy Engineering Methodologies. ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security (TOPS).","DOI":"10.1145\/3364224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_74_1","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services. Amazon CloudWatch. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/cloudwatch\/.  Amazon Web Services. Amazon CloudWatch. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/cloudwatch\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_75_1","volume-title":"Amazon EC2 Spot Instances. Retrieved","author":"Services Amazon Web","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services . Amazon EC2 Spot Instances. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/spot\/. Amazon Web Services. Amazon EC2 Spot Instances. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/spot\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_76_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Services Amazon Web","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services . Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR) . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ecr\/. Amazon Web Services. Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR). Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ecr\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_77_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Services Amazon Web","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services . AWS Graviton Processor: Enabling the Best Price Performance in Amazon EC2 . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/graviton\/. Amazon Web Services. AWS Graviton Processor: Enabling the Best Price Performance in Amazon EC2. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/graviton\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_78_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Services Amazon Web","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services . Customer Carbon Footprint Tool . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/aws-cost-management\/aws-customer-carbon-footprint-tool\/. Amazon Web Services. Customer Carbon Footprint Tool. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/aws-cost-management\/aws-customer-carbon-footprint-tool\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_79_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Services Amazon Web","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services . 2023 . Understanding Your Carbon Emission Estimations . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/docs.aws.amazon.com\/awsaccountbilling\/latest\/aboutv2\/ccft-estimation.html. Amazon Web Services. 2023. Understanding Your Carbon Emission Estimations. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/docs.aws.amazon.com\/awsaccountbilling\/latest\/aboutv2\/ccft-estimation.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment.","author":"Shastri Supreeth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Supreeth Shastri , Vinay Banakar , Melissa Wasserman , Arun Kumar , and Vijay Chidambaram . 2020 . Understanding and Benchmarking the Impact of GDPR on Database Systems . Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment. Supreeth Shastri, Vinay Banakar, Melissa Wasserman, Arun Kumar, and Vijay Chidambaram. 2020. Understanding and Benchmarking the Impact of GDPR on Database Systems. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_81_1","volume-title":"Ecovisor: A Virtual Energy System for Carbon-efficient Applications. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS).","author":"Souza Abel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abel Souza , Noman Bashir , Jorge Murillo , Walid Hanafy , Qianlin Liang , David Irwin , and Prashant Shenoy . 2023 . Ecovisor: A Virtual Energy System for Carbon-efficient Applications. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS). Abel Souza, Noman Bashir, Jorge Murillo, Walid Hanafy, Qianlin Liang, David Irwin, and Prashant Shenoy. 2023. Ecovisor: A Virtual Energy System for Carbon-efficient Applications. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3458336.3465301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_83_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS).","author":"Switzer Jennifer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jennifer Switzer , Gabriel Marcano , Ryan Kastner , and Pat Pannuto . 2023 . Junkyard Computing: Repurposing Discarded Smartphones to Minimize Carbon . International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS). Jennifer Switzer, Gabriel Marcano, Ryan Kastner, and Pat Pannuto. 2023. Junkyard Computing: Repurposing Discarded Smartphones to Minimize Carbon. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_84_1","unstructured":"The Istio Service Mesh. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/istio.io\/.  The Istio Service Mesh. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/istio.io\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_85_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thoughtworks. Cloud Carbon Footprint . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.cloudcarbonfootprint.org\/. Thoughtworks. Cloud Carbon Footprint. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.cloudcarbonfootprint.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_86_1","volume-title":"Something New: Extending the Life of CPUs in Datacenters. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon).","author":"Tomlinson Amanda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amanda Tomlinson and George Porter . 2022 . Something Old , Something New: Extending the Life of CPUs in Datacenters. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon). Amanda Tomlinson and George Porter. 2022. Something Old, Something New: Extending the Life of CPUs in Datacenters. Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_87_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uber. 2020 . Introducing Domain-Oriented Microservice Architecture . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.uber.com\/blog\/microservice-architecture\/. Uber. 2020. Introducing Domain-Oriented Microservice Architecture. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.uber.com\/blog\/microservice-architecture\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_88_1","unstructured":"International Telecommunication Union. 2020. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trajectories for the Information and Communication Technology Sector Compatible with the UNFCCC Paris Agreement. ITU-T L.1470.  International Telecommunication Union. 2020. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trajectories for the Information and Communication Technology Sector Compatible with the UNFCCC Paris Agreement. ITU-T L.1470."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_89_1","unstructured":"International Telecommunication Union and World Benchmarking Alliance. 2022. Greening Digital Companies: Monitoring Emissions and Climate Commitments.  International Telecommunication Union and World Benchmarking Alliance. 2022. Greening Digital Companies: Monitoring Emissions and Climate Commitments."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_90_1","volume-title":"Open Data. Retrieved","author":"US Energy Information Administration","year":"2023","unstructured":"US Energy Information Administration . Open Data. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/opendata\/index.php. US Energy Information Administration. Open Data. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/opendata\/index.php."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_91_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Wang Sarah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sarah Wang and Martin Casado . 2021 . The Cost of Cloud, a Trillion Dollar Paradox . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/a16z.com\/2021\/05\/27\/cost-of-cloud-paradox-market-cap-cloud-lifecycle-scale-growth-repatriation-optimization\/. Sarah Wang and Martin Casado. 2021. The Cost of Cloud, a Trillion Dollar Paradox. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/a16z.com\/2021\/05\/27\/cost-of-cloud-paradox-market-cap-cloud-lifecycle-scale-growth-repatriation-optimization\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_92_1","unstructured":"WattTime. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/www.watttime.org\/.  WattTime. Retrieved May 20 2023 from https:\/\/www.watttime.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_93_1","volume-title":"International Middleware Conference (Middleware).","author":"Wiesner Philipp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Philipp Wiesner , Ilja Behnke , Dominik Scheinert , Kordian Gontarska , and Lauritz Thamsen . 2021 . Let's Wait Awhile: How Temporal Workload Shifting Can Reduce Carbon Emissions in the Cloud . International Middleware Conference (Middleware). Philipp Wiesner, Ilja Behnke, Dominik Scheinert, Kordian Gontarska, and Lauritz Thamsen. 2021. Let's Wait Awhile: How Temporal Workload Shifting Can Reduce Carbon Emissions in the Cloud. International Middleware Conference (Middleware)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_94_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Willmott Elizabeth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elizabeth Willmott . 2022 . How Microsoft Is Using An Internal Carbon Fee to Reach its Carbon Negative Goal . Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/industry\/blog\/sustainability\/2022\/03\/24\/how-microsoft-is-using-an-internal-carbon-fee-to-reach-its-carbon-negative-goal\/. Elizabeth Willmott. 2022. How Microsoft Is Using An Internal Carbon Fee to Reach its Carbon Negative Goal. Retrieved May 20, 2023 from https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/industry\/blog\/sustainability\/2022\/03\/24\/how-microsoft-is-using-an-internal-carbon-fee-to-reach-its-carbon-negative-goal\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_95_1","volume-title":"Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing. Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP): System Demonstrations.","author":"Wolf Thomas","unstructured":"Thomas Wolf , Lysandre Debut , Victor Sanh , Julien Chaumond , Clement Delangue , Anthony Moi , Pierric Cistac , Tim Rault , R\u00e9mi Louf , Morgan Funtowicz , Joe Davison , Sam Shleifer , Patrick von Platen , Clara Ma , Yacine Jernite , Julien Plu , Canwen Xu , Teven Le Scao , Sylvain Gugger , Mariama Drame , Quentin Lhoest , and Alexander M. Rush . 2020 . Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing. Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP): System Demonstrations. Thomas Wolf, Lysandre Debut, Victor Sanh, Julien Chaumond, Clement Delangue, Anthony Moi, Pierric Cistac, Tim Rault, R\u00e9mi Louf, Morgan Funtowicz, Joe Davison, Sam Shleifer, Patrick von Platen, Clara Ma, Yacine Jernite, Julien Plu, Canwen Xu, Teven Le Scao, Sylvain Gugger, Mariama Drame, Quentin Lhoest, and Alexander M. Rush. 2020. Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing. Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP): System Demonstrations."}],"event":{"name":"HotCarbon '23: 2nd Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems","location":"Boston MA USA","acronym":"HotCarbon '23","sponsor":["SIGEnergy ACM Special Interest Group on Energy Systems and Informatics"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3604930.3605722","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3604930.3605722","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T16:46:37Z","timestamp":1750178797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3604930.3605722"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"references-count":95,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3604930.3605722","10.1145\/3604930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3604930.3605722","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}