{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T23:17:32Z","timestamp":1772493452471,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":47,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3610977.3634978","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,10]],"date-time":"2024-03-10T00:19:00Z","timestamp":1710029940000},"page":"394-402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Iterative Robot Waiter Algorithm Design: Service Expectations and Social Factors"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9547-9768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather","family":"Knight","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Robotics and Intelligent Systems Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0759-8395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deanna","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Robots and Intelligent Systems Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0515-8728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theing Mwe","family":"Oo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Robotics and Intelligent Systems Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0655-9085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Robots and Intelligent Systems Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"A (Mostly) Robot-Recruited Experiment","author":"Agnihotri Abhijeet","unstructured":"Abhijeet Agnihotri and Heather Knight. 2019. Persuasive ChairBots: A (Mostly) Robot-Recruited Experiment. In IEEE Int'l Conf. on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Alexandra.","author":"Berger Jaden Adams Mercer Jason","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mercer Jason Berger Jaden Adams Julie A. Knight Heather Bacula, Alexandra. 2021. Integrating Robot Manufacturer Perspectives into Legible Factory Robot Light Communications. Journal of Human-Robot Interaction (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"BearRobotics. 2023. \u201cMeet Servi\". https:\/\/www.bearrobotics.ai\/servi Accessed 9\/14\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Exploring Communicatory Gestures for Simple Multi-robot Systems. In International Conference on Social Robotics. Springer.","author":"Berger Jaden","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jaden Berger, Alexandra Bacula, and Heather Knight. 2021. Exploring Communicatory Gestures for Simple Multi-robot Systems. In International Conference on Social Robotics. Springer."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Lois A. Bowers. 2022. \u201cDining robot pilot project finds benefits for senior living employers staff residents\". https:\/\/www.mcknightsseniorliving.com\/home\/news\/dining-robot-pilot-project-finds-benefits-for-senior-living-employers-staff-residents\/ Accessed 9\/19\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2004.826268"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"CBSNews. 2023. \u201cAre robot waiters the wave of the future? Some restaurants say yes.\". https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/robot-waiters-restaurants-future\/ Accessed 9\/19\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Determining Success and Attributes of Various Feeding Approaches with a Mobile Robot","author":"Chen Victoria","unstructured":"Victoria Chen, Yao-Lin Tsai, and Heather Knight. 2022. Determining Success and Attributes of Various Feeding Approaches with a Mobile Robot. In ACM\/IEEE Int'l Conference on Human-Robot Interaction."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2016.10.679"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Kenrick Davis. 2020. \u201cWelcome to China's latest 'robot restaurant'\". https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2020\/07\/china-robots-ai-restaurant-hospitality\/ Accessed 9\/25\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"An approach of social navigation based on proxemics for crowded environments of humans and robots. Micromachines","author":"Daza Marcos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marcos Daza, Dennis Barrios-Aranibar, Jos\u00e9 Diaz-Amado, Yudith Cardinale, and Jo ao Vilasboas. 2021. An approach of social navigation based on proxemics for crowded environments of humans and robots. Micromachines (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference.","author":"Fallatah Abrar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abrar Fallatah, Bohkyung Chun, Sogol Balali, and Heather Knight. 2020. \" Would You Please Buy Me a Coffee?\" How Microcultures Impact People's Helpful Actions Toward Robots. In ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Gendered Human-Robot Interactions in Services. Int'l Journal of Social Robotics","author":"Forgas-Coll Santiago","year":"2023","unstructured":"Santiago Forgas-Coll, Ruben Huertas-Garcia, Antonio Andriella, and Guillem Alenya. 2023. Gendered Human-Robot Interactions in Services. Int'l Journal of Social Robotics (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Randy Gomez Deborah Szapiro Kerl Galindo Luis Merino Heike Brock Keisuke Nakamura Yu Fang and Eric Nichols. 2021. Exploring Affective Storytelling with an Embodied Agent. In Int'l Conf. on Robot & Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN).","DOI":"10.1109\/RO-MAN50785.2021.9515323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"1","author":"Goodrich Michael A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Michael A Goodrich, Alan C Schultz, et al. 2008. Human--Robot Interaction: A Survey. Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 1, 3 (2008)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Robot and Human Communication (Ro-Man","author":"Knight M. Veloso H.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Veloso H. Knight and R. Simmons. 2015. Taking Candy from a Robot: Speed Features and Candy Accessibility Predict Human Response.. In Proceedings of International Conference on Robot and Human Communication (Ro-Man 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"The Hidden Dimension. An Anthropologist Examines Man's Use of Space in Public and Private","author":"Hall ET","unstructured":"ET Hall. 1969. The Hidden Dimension. An Anthropologist Examines Man's Use of Space in Public and Private. Anchor Books; Doubleday & Company, Inc, New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"A Robot Barista Comments on its Clients: Social Attitudes Toward Robot Data Use","author":"Hedaoo Samarendra","unstructured":"Samarendra Hedaoo, Akim Williams, Chinmay Wadgaonkar, and Heather Knight. 2019. A Robot Barista Comments on its Clients: Social Attitudes Toward Robot Data Use. In ACM\/IEEE Int'l Conf. on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Trends, Covid-19 Impact, and Forecasts(2022 -","author":"Intelligence Mordor","year":"2027","unstructured":"Mordor Intelligence. 2021. Global Social Robots Market - Growth, Trends, Covid-19 Impact, and Forecasts(2022 - 2027). (2021). https:\/\/www.mordorintelligence.com\/industry-reports\/social-robots-market , Accessed 1\/19\/2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"L Jennings. 2013. Applebee's to roll out tablets at all U.S. restaurants. (2013). https:\/\/www.nrn.com\/technology\/applebee-s-roll-out-tablets-all-us-restaurants Accessed 9\/14\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Kwak","author":"Kim Sangmin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sangmin Kim, Jongsuk Choi, Yoonseob Lim, and Sonya S. Kwak. 2022. Should a Robot Follow Social Norms? Human-Robot Interaction Design for Social Relations in Mixed Age Group. In Int'l Conf. on Robots and Intelligen Systems (IROS)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nathan Kirchner Alen Alempijevic and Gamini Dissanayake. 2011. Nonverbal Robot-Group Interaction using an Imitated Gaze Cue. In In'l Conf. on Human-Robot Interaction.","DOI":"10.1145\/1957656.1957824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Int'l Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","author":"Knight Heather","unstructured":"Heather Knight, Timothy Lee, Brittany Hallawell, and Wendy Ju. 2017. I Get it Already! The Influence of Chairbot Motion Gestures on Bystander Response. In Int'l Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Laban Head-Motions Convey Robot State: A Call for Robot Body Language. In 2016 IEEE Int'l Conf. on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","author":"Knight Heather","unstructured":"Heather Knight and Reid Simmons. 2016. Laban Head-Motions Convey Robot State: A Call for Robot Body Language. In 2016 IEEE Int'l Conf. on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Human--Robot Skill Transmission for Mobile Robot via LbD. Neural Computing and Applications","author":"Li Jiehao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiehao Li, Junzheng Wang, Shoukun Wang, and Chenguang Yang. 2021. Human--Robot Skill Transmission for Mobile Robot via LbD. Neural Computing and Applications (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JSTP-06-2022-0127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Learning Socially Appropriate Robo-waiter Behaviours through Real-time User Feedback","author":"McQuillin Emily","unstructured":"Emily McQuillin, Nikhil Churamani, and Hatice Gunes. 2022. Learning Socially Appropriate Robo-waiter Behaviours through Real-time User Feedback. In ACM\/IEEE Int'l Conf. on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LARS\/SBR\/WRE54079.2021.9605479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Int'l Conf. on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","author":"Papadakis Panagiotis","unstructured":"Panagiotis Papadakis, Patrick Rives, and Anne Spalanzani. 2014. Adaptive Spacing in Human-Robot Interactions. In Int'l Conf. on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"PuduRobotics. 2023. \u201cBellabot Product Page\". https:\/\/www.pudurobotics.com\/products\/bellabot Accessed 9\/14\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Environment-Adaptive Learning from Demonstration for Proactive Assistance in Human--Robot Collaborative asks. Robotics and Autonomous Systems","author":"Qian Kun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kun Qian, Xin Xu, Huan Liu, Jishen Bai, and Shan Luo. 2022. Environment-Adaptive Learning from Demonstration for Proactive Assistance in Human--Robot Collaborative asks. Robotics and Autonomous Systems (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Sruthi Ganapathy Raman. 2018. \u201cAre robots taking over the world? A restaurant in Chennai serves an answer\". https:\/\/scroll.in\/magazine\/886874\/are-robots-taking-over-the-world-a-restaurant-in-chennai-serves-an-answer Accessed 9\/25\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Matthias Ring. 2022. \u201cService Robots Gets Stars in Their Eyes in Europe\". https:\/\/www.falstaff.com\/en\/news\/service-robots-get-stars-in-their-eyes-in-europe Accessed 9\/26\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Investigating the Athlete-Environment Relationship: An Ethnographic Study. Sport","author":"Rothwell Martyn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martyn Rothwell, Joseph Stone, and Keith Davids. 2022. Investigating the Athlete-Environment Relationship: An Ethnographic Study. Sport, Education and Society (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-010-0079-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Robotics: Science and Systems conference.","author":"Shi Chao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chao Shi, Masahiro Shiomi, Christian Smith, Takayuki Kanda, and Hiroshi Ishiguro. 2013. Distributional Handing Interaction for a Mobile Robot.. In Robotics: Science and Systems conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Cognitive Computation and Systems","volume":"3","author":"Si Weiyong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weiyong Si, Ning Wang, and Chenguang Yang. 2021. A Review on Manipulation Skill Acquisition through Teleoperation-based LfD. Cognitive Computation and Systems , Vol. 3, 1 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1733023.1733159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gila S Silverman Aur\u00e9lien Baroiller and Susan R Hemer. 2021. Culture and grief: Ethnographic perspectives on ritual relationships and remembering.","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2020.1851885"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Mechanical Ottoman: How Robotic Furniture Offers and Withdraws Support. In ACM Int'l Conf. on Human-Robot Interaction.","author":"Sirkin David","year":"2015","unstructured":"David Sirkin, Brian Mok, Stephen Yang, and Wendy Ju. 2015. Mechanical Ottoman: How Robotic Furniture Offers and Withdraws Support. In ACM Int'l Conf. on Human-Robot Interaction."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"IEEE Spectrum. 2023. \u201cWeekly Selection of Awesome Robot Videos\". https:\/\/spectrum.ieee.org\/video-friday-good-behaviors Accessed 9\/29\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Designing Social Cues for Collaborative Robots: The Role of Gaze and Breathing in Human-Robot Collaboration","author":"Yunus Terzioug","unstructured":"Yunus Terzioug lu, Bilge Mutlu, and Erol cS ahin. 2020. Designing Social Cues for Collaborative Robots: The Role of Gaze and Breathing in Human-Robot Collaboration. In ACM\/IEEE Int'l Conf. on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). IEEE."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","unstructured":"Bethany Ulrick. 2023. \u201cMexican restaurant in Lima entertains and serves guests with unique electronic waiter\". https:\/\/www.hometownstations.com\/news\/mexican-restaurant-in-lima-entertains-and-serves-guests-with-unique-electronic-waiter\/article_e3c8de42--5038--11ee-9066--7314855b3b55.html Accessed 9\/26\/2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Whitney Miles Eldon John Oberlin and Stefanie Tellex. 2016. Interpreting Multimodal Referring Expressions in Real Time. In Int'l Conf. on Robotics and Automation (ICRA).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2016.7487507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJOEM-05-2021-0804"}],"event":{"name":"HRI '24: ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","location":"Boulder CO USA","acronym":"HRI '24","sponsor":["SIGAI ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2024 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3610977.3634978","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3610977.3634978","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T16:35:26Z","timestamp":1756398926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3610977.3634978"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3610977.3634978","10.1145\/3610977"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3610977.3634978","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}