{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:53:48Z","timestamp":1773392028977,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":25,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3610978.3640644","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,10]],"date-time":"2024-03-10T22:55:43Z","timestamp":1710111343000},"page":"1033-1037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["If [YourName] Can Code, So Can You! End-User Robot Programming For Non-Experts"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5792-7080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manasi","family":"Swaminathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9975-9436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Long-Jing","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1753-5251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Min","family":"Thant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4915-2457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyrie Jig","family":"Amon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5450-1129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1262-4083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Tsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toyota Research Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2553-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selma","family":"Sabanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5827-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Crandall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1317-1293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weslie","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3466819"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1232177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3568294.3580040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","volume-title":"SUS: A \"quick and dirty\" usability. Usability evaluation in industry 189, 3","author":"Brooke John","year":"1996","unstructured":"John Brooke. 1996. SUS: A \"quick and dirty\" usability. Usability evaluation in industry 189, 3 (1996), 189--194."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","unstructured":"Tom B. Brown Benjamin Mann Nick Ryder Melanie Subbiah Jared Kaplan Prafulla Dhariwal Arvind Neelakantan Pranav Shyam Girish Sastry Amanda Askell Sandhini Agarwal Ariel Herbert-Voss Gretchen Krueger Tom Henighan Rewon Child Aditya Ramesh Daniel M. Ziegler Jeffrey Wu Clemens Winter Christopher Hesse Mark Chen Eric Sigler Mateusz Litwin Scott Gray Benjamin Chess Jack Clark Christopher Berner Sam McCandlish Alec Radford Ilya Sutskever and Dario Amodei. 2020. Language Models are Few-Shot Learners. arXiv:2005.14165 [cs.CL]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nina Buchina Sherin Kamel and Emilia Barakova. 2016. Design and evaluation of an end-user friendly tool for robot programming. 185--191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ROMAN.2016.7745109","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2016.7745109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Birthe Nesset, Meriam Moujahid, Tanvi Dinkar, Verena Rieser, and Oliver Lemon.","author":"Cherakara Neeraj","year":"2023","unstructured":"Neeraj Cherakara, Finny Varghese, Sheena Shabana, Nivan Nelson, Abhiram Karukayil, Rohith Kulothungan, Mohammed Afil Farhan, Birthe Nesset, Meriam Moujahid, Tanvi Dinkar, Verena Rieser, and Oliver Lemon. 2023. FurChat: An Embodied Conversational Agent using LLMs, Combining Open and Closed-Domain Dialogue with Facial Expressions. arXiv:2308.15214 [cs.CL]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"Enrique Coronado Fulvio Mastrogiovanni and Gentiane Venture. 2017. Node Primitives: an open end-user programming platform for social robots. arXiv:1709.08363 [cs.RO]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","unstructured":"Tao Dong and Luke Church. [n. d.]. Back to the future: What do historical perspectives on programming environments tell us about LLMs? ([n. d.])."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","volume-title":"Advances in psychology.","author":"Hart Sandra G","unstructured":"Sandra G Hart and Lowell E Staveland. 1988. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. In Advances in psychology. Vol. 52. Elsevier, 139--183."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24600-5_61"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3568294.3580067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploring the role of human-following robots in supporting the mobility and wellbeing of older people","volume":"13","author":"Li S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"S. Li, K. Milligan, P. Blythe, Y. Zhang, S. Edwards, N. Palmarini, L. Corner, Y. Ji, F. Zhang, and A. Namdeo. 2023. Exploring the role of human-following robots in supporting the mobility and wellbeing of older people. Sci Rep 13, 1 (Apr 2023), 6512.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCDS.2021.3115228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2021.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","volume-title":"LuxAI - Award winning social robots for autism and special needs education. https:\/\/luxai.com Accessed","author":"AI.","year":"2023","unstructured":"LuxAI. 2023. LuxAI - Award winning social robots for autism and special needs education. https:\/\/luxai.com Accessed Sept. 27, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","volume-title":"Genta Indra Winata, and Pascale Fung","author":"Madotto Andrea","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andrea Madotto, Zhaojiang Lin, Genta Indra Winata, and Pascale Fung. 2021. Few- Shot Bot: Prompt-Based Learning for Dialogue Systems. CoRR abs\/2110.08118 (2021). arXiv:2110.08118 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2110.08118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","volume-title":"Tao Xu, Greg Brockman, Christine McLeavey, and Ilya Sutskever.","author":"Radford Alec","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Tao Xu, Greg Brockman, Christine McLeavey, and Ilya Sutskever. 2022. Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision. arXiv:2212.04356 [eess.AS]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","volume-title":"Finding ikigai: How robots can support meaning in later life. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 9","author":"Randall Natasha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Natasha Randall, Swapna Joshi, Waki Kamino, Long-Jing Hsu, Abhijeet Agnihotri, Grace Li, Donald Williamson, Kate Tsui, and Selma Sabanovic. 2022. Finding ikigai: How robots can support meaning in later life. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 9 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iotcps.2023.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2021.646002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3349537.3351888"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","unstructured":"Jingfeng Yang Hongye Jin Ruixiang Tang Xiaotian Han Qizhang Feng Haoming Jiang Bing Yin and Xia Hu. 2023. Harnessing the Power of LLMs in Practice: A Survey on ChatGPT and Beyond. arXiv:2304.13712 [cs.CL]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.birob.2023.100131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445124"}],"event":{"name":"HRI '24: ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","location":"Boulder CO USA","acronym":"HRI '24","sponsor":["SIGAI ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Companion of the 2024 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3610978.3640644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3610978.3640644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T01:18:01Z","timestamp":1755825481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3610978.3640644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3610978.3640644","10.1145\/3610978"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3610978.3640644","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}