{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:31:49Z","timestamp":1777336309312,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":54,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3613905.3651077","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T08:15:21Z","timestamp":1715415321000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Rapport Matters: Enhancing HIV mHealth Communication through Linguistic Analysis and Large Language Models"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1611-2053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1593-1282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varun","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8115-2548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Ingersoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavioral Health and Technology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University of Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8820-2536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tabor","family":"Flickinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8224-5164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura E.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1_1","volume-title":"Health insurance portability and accountability act of","author":"Act Accountability","year":"1996","unstructured":"Accountability Act. 1996. Health insurance portability and accountability act of 1996. Public law 104 (1996), 191."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2022.2059723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2016.1192577"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_5_1","volume-title":"Is the quality of the patient-provider relationship associated with better adherence and health outcomes for patients with HIV?Journal of general internal medicine 21","author":"Beach Mary\u00a0Catherine","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mary\u00a0Catherine Beach, Jeanne Keruly, and Richard\u00a0D Moore. 2006. Is the quality of the patient-provider relationship associated with better adherence and health outcomes for patients with HIV?Journal of general internal medicine 21 (2006), 661\u2013665."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_6_1","volume-title":"Impact of a brief patient and provider intervention to improve the quality of communication about medication adherence among HIV patients. Patient education and counseling 98, 9","author":"Beach Mary\u00a0Catherine","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mary\u00a0Catherine Beach, Debra\u00a0L Roter, Somnath Saha, P\u00a0Todd Korthuis, Susan Eggly, Jonathan Cohn, Victoria Sharp, Richard\u00a0D Moore, and Ira\u00a0B Wilson. 2015. Impact of a brief patient and provider intervention to improve the quality of communication about medication adherence among HIV patients. Patient education and counseling 98, 9 (2015), 1078\u20131083."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1673-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_9_1","volume-title":"Communication in palliative care: talking about the end of life, before the end of life. Postgraduate medical journal 92, 1090","author":"Brighton Lisa\u00a0Jane","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lisa\u00a0Jane Brighton and Katherine Bristowe. 2016. Communication in palliative care: talking about the end of life, before the end of life. Postgraduate medical journal 92, 1090 (2016), 466\u2013470."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_10_1","volume-title":"Language models are few-shot learners. Advances in neural information processing systems 33","author":"Brown Tom","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tom Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared\u00a0D Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Neelakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, 2020. Language models are few-shot learners. Advances in neural information processing systems 33 (2020), 1877\u20131901."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226870"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-023-00370-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_13_1","volume-title":"Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805","author":"Devlin Jacob","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2018. Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_14_1","volume-title":"PositiveLinks: a mobile health intervention for retention in HIV care and clinical outcomes with 12-month follow-up. AIDS patient care and STDs 32, 6","author":"Dillingham Rebecca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rebecca Dillingham, Karen Ingersoll, Tabor\u00a0E Flickinger, Ava\u00a0Lena Waldman, Marika Grabowski, Colleen Laurence, Erin Wispelwey, George Reynolds, Mark Conaway, and Wendy\u00a0F Cohn. 2018. PositiveLinks: a mobile health intervention for retention in HIV care and clinical outcomes with 12-month follow-up. AIDS patient care and STDs 32, 6 (2018), 241\u2013250."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3359259"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376699"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_17_1","volume-title":"Frequency of high-quality communication behaviors used by primary care providers of heterozygous infants after newborn screening. Patient education and counseling 90, 2","author":"Farrell H","year":"2013","unstructured":"Michael\u00a0H Farrell and Stephanie\u00a0A Christopher. 2013. Frequency of high-quality communication behaviors used by primary care providers of heterozygous infants after newborn screening. Patient education and counseling 90, 2 (2013), 226\u2013232."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2018.0261"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318295b86a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_20_1","volume-title":"Clinician empathy is associated with differences in patient\u2013clinician communication behaviors and higher medication self-efficacy in HIV care. Patient education and counseling 99, 2","author":"Flickinger E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tabor\u00a0E Flickinger, Somnath Saha, Debra Roter, P\u00a0Todd Korthuis, Victoria Sharp, Jonathan Cohn, Susan Eggly, Richard\u00a0D Moore, and Mary\u00a0Catherine Beach. 2016. Clinician empathy is associated with differences in patient\u2013clinician communication behaviors and higher medication self-efficacy in HIV care. Patient education and counseling 99, 2 (2016), 220\u2013226."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_21_1","volume-title":"Natural language processing for automated annotation of medication mentions in primary care visit conversations. JAMIA open 4, 3","author":"Ganoe H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Craig\u00a0H Ganoe, Weiyi Wu, Paul\u00a0J Barr, William Haslett, Michelle\u00a0D Dannenberg, Kyra\u00a0L Bonasia, James\u00a0C Finora, Jesse\u00a0A Schoonmaker, Wambui\u00a0M Onsando, James Ryan, 2021. Natural language processing for automated annotation of medication mentions in primary care visit conversations. JAMIA open 4, 3 (2021), ooab071."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_22_1","volume-title":"The influence of trust in physicians and trust in the healthcare system on linkage, retention, and adherence to HIV care. AIDS patient care and STDs 29, 12","author":"Graham L","year":"2015","unstructured":"James\u00a0L Graham, Lokesh Shahani, Richard\u00a0M Grimes, Christine Hartman, and Thomas\u00a0P Giordano. 2015. The influence of trust in physicians and trust in the healthcare system on linkage, retention, and adherence to HIV care. AIDS patient care and STDs 29, 12 (2015), 661\u2013667."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_23_1","volume-title":"Improving Patient Pre-screening for Clinical Trials: Assisting Physicians with Large Language Models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.07396","author":"Hamer Danny M\u00a0den","year":"2023","unstructured":"Danny M\u00a0den Hamer, Perry Schoor, Tobias\u00a0B Polak, and Daniel Kapitan. 2023. Improving Patient Pre-screening for Clinical Trials: Assisting Physicians with Large Language Models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.07396 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.8801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0141076818769477"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_26_1","volume-title":"Providing support to patients in emotional encounters: a new perspective on missed empathic opportunities. Patient education and counseling 88, 3","author":"Hsu Ian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ian Hsu, Somnath Saha, Phillip\u00a0Todd Korthuis, Victoria Sharp, Jonathon Cohn, Richard\u00a0D Moore, and Mary\u00a0Catherine Beach. 2012. Providing support to patients in emotional encounters: a new perspective on missed empathic opportunities. Patient education and counseling 88, 3 (2012), 436\u2013442."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_27_1","volume-title":"Is chatgpt better than human annotators? potential and limitations of chatgpt in explaining implicit hate speech. arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.07736","author":"Huang Fan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fan Huang, Haewoon Kwak, and Jisun An. 2023. Is chatgpt better than human annotators? potential and limitations of chatgpt in explaining implicit hate speech. arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.07736 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_28_1","volume-title":"Matching patients to clinical trials with large language models. ArXiv","author":"Jin Qiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiao Jin, Zifeng Wang, Charalampos\u00a0S Floudas, Jimeng Sun, and Zhiyong Lu. 2023. Matching patients to clinical trials with large language models. ArXiv (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_30_1","volume-title":"Development of PositiveLinks: a mobile phone app to promote linkage and retention in care for people with HIV. JMIR formative research 3, 1","author":"Laurence Colleen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Colleen Laurence, Erin Wispelwey, Tabor\u00a0E Flickinger, Marika Grabowski, Ava\u00a0Lena Waldman, Erin Plews-Ogan, Claire Debolt, George Reynolds, Wendy Cohn, Karen Ingersoll, 2019. Development of PositiveLinks: a mobile phone app to promote linkage and retention in care for people with HIV. JMIR formative research 3, 1 (2019), e11578."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_31_1","volume-title":"Soviet physics doklady, Vol.\u00a010","author":"I Levenshtein","unstructured":"Vladimir\u00a0I Levenshtein 1966. Binary codes capable of correcting deletions, insertions, and reversals. In Soviet physics doklady, Vol.\u00a010. Soviet Union, 707\u2013710."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_32_1","volume-title":"Leveraging large language models for generating responses to patient messages. medRxiv","author":"Liu Siru","year":"2023","unstructured":"Siru Liu, Allison\u00a0B McCoy, Aileen\u00a0P Wright, Babatunde Carew, Julian\u00a0Z Genkins, Sean\u00a0S Huang, Josh\u00a0F Peterson, Bryan Steitz, and Adam Wright. 2023. Leveraging large language models for generating responses to patient messages. medRxiv (2023), 2023\u201307."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stewart\u00a0W Mercer Melanie Neumann Markus Wirtz Bridie Fitzpatrick and Gaby Vojt. 2008. General practitioner empathy patient enablement and patient-reported outcomes in primary care in an area of high socio-economic deprivation in Scotland\u2014a pilot prospective study using structural equation modeling. Patient education and counseling 73 2 (2008) 240\u2013245.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2008.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_34_1","volume-title":"Missed opportunities for interval empathy in lung cancer communication. Archives of internal medicine 168, 17","author":"Morse S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Diane\u00a0S Morse, Elizabeth\u00a0A Edwardsen, and Howard\u00a0S Gordon. 2008. Missed opportunities for interval empathy in lung cancer communication. Archives of internal medicine 168, 17 (2008), 1853\u20131858."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545109712437244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02466-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_37_1","volume-title":"Secure Messaging for Diabetes Management: Content Analysis. JMIR diabetes 8","author":"Robinson A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stephanie\u00a0A Robinson, Mark Zocchi, Carolyn Purington, Linda Am, Kathryn DeLaughter, Varsha\u00a0G Vimalananda, Dane Netherton, Arlene\u00a0S Ash, Timothy\u00a0P Hogan, and Stephanie\u00a0L Shimada. 2023. Secure Messaging for Diabetes Management: Content Analysis. JMIR diabetes 8 (2023), e40272."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_38_1","volume-title":"Using artificial intelligence to assess clinicians","author":"Ryan Padhraig","year":"2019","unstructured":"Padhraig Ryan, Saturnino Luz, Pierre Albert, Carl Vogel, Charles Normand, and Glyn Elwyn. 2019. Using artificial intelligence to assess clinicians\u2019 communication skills. Bmj 364 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445120"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442381.3450097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-022-00593-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_42_1","volume-title":"Facilitating Self-Guided Mental Health Interventions Through Human-Language Model Interaction: A Case Study of Cognitive Restructuring. arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.15461","author":"Sharma Ashish","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashish Sharma, Kevin Rushton, Inna\u00a0Wanyin Lin, Theresa Nguyen, and Tim Althoff. 2023. Facilitating Self-Guided Mental Health Interventions Through Human-Language Model Interaction: A Case Study of Cognitive Restructuring. arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.15461 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_43_1","volume-title":"Cognitive Reframing of Negative Thoughts through Human-Language Model Interaction. arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.02466","author":"Sharma Ashish","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashish Sharma, Kevin Rushton, Inna\u00a0Wanyin Lin, David Wadden, Khendra\u00a0G Lucas, Adam\u00a0S Miner, Theresa Nguyen, and Tim Althoff. 2023. Cognitive Reframing of Negative Thoughts through Human-Language Model Interaction. arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.02466 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/37350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_46_1","volume-title":"Clinical text data in machine learning: systematic review. JMIR medical informatics 8, 3","author":"Spasic Irena","year":"2020","unstructured":"Irena Spasic, Goran Nenadic, 2020. Clinical text data in machine learning: systematic review. JMIR medical informatics 8, 3 (2020), e17984."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_47_1","volume-title":"How clinician\u2013patient communication contributes to health improvement: modeling pathways from talk to outcome. Patient education and counseling 92, 3","author":"Street\u00a0Jr L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Richard\u00a0L Street\u00a0Jr. 2013. How clinician\u2013patient communication contributes to health improvement: modeling pathways from talk to outcome. Patient education and counseling 92, 3 (2013), 286\u2013291."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0261927X09351676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_49_1","volume-title":"Kabilan Elangovan, Laura Gutierrez, Ting\u00a0Fang Tan, and Daniel Shu\u00a0Wei Ting.","author":"Thirunavukarasu Arun\u00a0James","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arun\u00a0James Thirunavukarasu, Darren Shu\u00a0Jeng Ting, Kabilan Elangovan, Laura Gutierrez, Ting\u00a0Fang Tan, and Daniel Shu\u00a0Wei Ting. 2023. Large language models in medicine. Nature medicine 29, 8 (2023), 1930\u20131940."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_50_1","volume-title":"A research agenda for communication between health care professionals and patients living with serious illness. JAMA internal medicine 177, 9","author":"Tulsky A","year":"2017","unstructured":"James\u00a0A Tulsky, Mary\u00a0Catherine Beach, Phyllis\u00a0N Butow, Susan\u00a0E Hickman, Jennifer\u00a0W Mack, R\u00a0Sean Morrison, Richard\u00a0L Street, Rebecca\u00a0L Sudore, Douglas\u00a0B White, and Kathryn\u00a0I Pollak. 2017. A research agenda for communication between health care professionals and patients living with serious illness. JAMA internal medicine 177, 9 (2017), 1361\u20131366."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582211054935"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_52_1","unstructured":"Haoyi Xiong Jiang Bian Sijia Yang Xiaofei Zhang Linghe Kong and Daqing Zhang. 2023. Natural Language based Context Modeling and Reasoning for Ubiquitous Computing with Large Language Models: A Tutorial. arxiv:2309.15074\u00a0[cs.CL]"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_53_1","volume-title":"Large language models are human-level prompt engineers. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.01910","author":"Zhou Yongchao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yongchao Zhou, Andrei\u00a0Ioan Muresanu, Ziwen Han, Keiran Paster, Silviu Pitis, Harris Chan, and Jimmy Ba. 2022. Large language models are human-level prompt engineers. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.01910 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31819a5acc"}],"event":{"name":"CHI '24: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Honolulu HI USA","acronym":"CHI '24","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction","SIGACCESS ACM Special Interest Group on Accessible Computing"]},"container-title":["Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3613905.3651077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3613905.3651077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T23:57:09Z","timestamp":1750291029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3613905.3651077"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3613905.3651077","10.1145\/3613905"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3613905.3651077","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}