{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T13:40:07Z","timestamp":1755870007319,"version":"3.44.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":59,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3618257.3624816","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:19:52Z","timestamp":1698020392000},"page":"606-626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Using Gaming Footage as a Source of Internet Latency Information"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6759-7425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalina","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9470-2819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katerina","family":"Argyraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'16)","author":"Alex Beatrice","year":"2016","unstructured":"Beatrice Alex, Clare Llewellyn, Claire Grover, Jon Oberlander, and Richard Tobin. 2016. Homing in on Twitter users: evaluating an enhanced geoparser for user profile locations. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'16). 3936--3944."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"What are the dota servers and can I ping them? [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/learndota2\/comments\/9zk8o3\/what_are_the_dota_servers_and_can_i_ping_them\/. Accessed: 2023-05--23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"RIPE Atlas. [n. d.]. https:\/\/atlas.ripe.net\/. Accessed: 2023-08--31."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/342009.335388"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"[n.,d.]. https:\/\/www.internetlivestats.com\/internet-users-by-country\/. Accessed: 2022-09-19","author":"Country Internet Users","year":"2016","unstructured":"Internet Users by Country (2016). [n.,d.]. https:\/\/www.internetlivestats.com\/internet-users-by-country\/. Accessed: 2022-09-19."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"15th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 18)","author":"Calder Matt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matt Calder, Ryan Gao, Manuel Schr\u00f6der, Ryan Stewart, Jitendra Padhye, Ratul Mahajan, Ganesh Ananthanarayanan, and Ethan Katz-Bassett. 2018. Odin:{Microsoft's} Scalable {Fault-Tolerant} {CDN} Measurement System. In 15th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 18). 501--517."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3405669.3405823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1851182.1851228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/956993.956995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1730836.1730863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3123878.3131981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3487552.3487854"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Cliff-clavin: Determining geographic focus for news articles. NewsKDD","author":"D'Ignazio Catherine","year":"2014","unstructured":"Catherine D'Ignazio, Rahul Bhargava, Ethan Zuckerman, and Luisa Beck. 2014. Cliff-clavin: Determining geographic focus for news articles. NewsKDD: Data Science for News Publishing, at KDD 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1823844.1823853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2834050.2834108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"An end-to-end Optical Character Recognition approach for ultra-low-resolution printed text images. arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.04515","author":"Gilbey Julian D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Julian D Gilbey and Carola-Bibiane Sch\u00f6nlieb. 2021. An end-to-end Optical Character Recognition approach for ultra-low-resolution printed text images. arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.04515 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Vasilis Giotsas and Marwan Fayed. 2021. \"Look Ma no probes!\" - Characterizing CDNs' latencies with passive measurement. https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/cdn-latency-passive-measurement\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.00091"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2999572.2999603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2815675.2815710"},{"volume-title":"The effect: An introduction to research design and causality","author":"Huntington-Klein Nick","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Nick Huntington-Klein. 2021. The effect: An introduction to research design and causality. CRC Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Call Of Duty: Modern Warfare II and including DMZ Call Of Duty: Warzone 2.0 Season 01: Everything you need to know. [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.callofduty.com\/blog\/2022\/11\/call-of-duty-modern-warfare-II-warzone-2-0-season-01-overview-battle-pass-dmz. Accessed: 2023-05-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"For Gamers in India YouTube Is the Ultimate Live Streaming Platform. [n. d.]. https:\/\/gadgets360.com\/games\/features\/youtube-gaming-live-video-game-streaming-india-gamers-ines-cha-2147975. Accessed: 2022-09-11."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Server Issues and a new update! [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.innersloth.com\/server-issues-and-a-new-update\/. Accessed: 2023-05-23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341302.3342073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2012.737745"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Matthew Thorpe, Dejan Slepcev, and Gustavo K Rohde.","author":"Kolouri Soheil","year":"2017","unstructured":"Soheil Kolouri, Se Rim Park, Matthew Thorpe, Dejan Slepcev, and Gustavo K Rohde. 2017. Optimal mass transport: Signal processing and machine-learning applications. IEEE signal processing magazine, Vol. 34, 4 (2017), 43--59."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2398776.2398799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Isolation Forest. In Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining. 413--422","author":"Liu Fei Tony","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fei Tony Liu, Kai Ming Ting, and Zhi-Hua Zhou. 2008. Isolation Forest. In Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining. 413--422."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3458335.3460811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"Apex Legends Server Locations. [n. d.]. https:\/\/netduma.com\/blog\/apex-legends-server-locations\/. Accessed: 2023-05-23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1012551.1012559"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Youslow: What influences user abandonment behavior for internet video? Columbia University Rcp","author":"Nam Hyunwoo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hyunwoo Nam, Henning Schulzrinne, Hyunwoo Nam, Kyung-Hwa Kim, Henning Schulzrinne, Mart\u00edn Varela, Hyunwoo Nam, Henning Schulzrinne, Toni M\u00e4ki, Hyunwoo Nam, et al. 2016. Youslow: What influences user abandonment behavior for internet video? Columbia University Rcp (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Call of Duty: Warzone 2.0 Server Locations. [n. d.]. https:\/\/netduma.com\/blog\/call-of-duty-warzone-2-0-server-locations\/. Accessed: 2023-05-23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Game Durations League of Legends. 2023. https:\/\/www.leagueofgraphs.com\/stats\/game-durations. Accessed: 2023-04-26."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"Servers: League of Legends. [n. d.]. https:\/\/leagueoflegends.fandom.com\/wiki\/Servers. Accessed: 2023-05--23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"League of Legends Regional Servers. [n. d.]. https:\/\/support-leagueoflegends.riotgames.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/201751684-League-of-Legends-Regional-Servers. Accessed: 2023-05-23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/963900.963918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","unstructured":"Warzone 2 Game Times Will Be Much Longer Than The Original. [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.ggrecon.com\/articles\/warzone-2-game-times-will-be-much-longer-than-the-original\/. Accessed: 2023-04-26."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15986-3_14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","unstructured":"Streamlabs & Stream Hatchet Q1 2021 Live Streaming Industry Report. [n. d.]. https:\/\/streamlabs.com\/content-hub\/post\/streamlabs-and-stream-hatchet-q1-2021-live-streaming-industry-report. Accessed: 2022-05-13."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference","author":"Richter Philipp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Philipp Richter, Ramakrishna Padmanabhan, Neil Spring, Arthur Berger, and David Clark. 2018. Advancing the art of internet edge outage detection. In Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference 2018. 350--363."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/a150781"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1999.10485670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2491734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","unstructured":"Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling. [n. d.]. https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/autoscaling\/. Accessed: 2022-05-18."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3355369.3355567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3538598.3538602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2068816.2068819"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","article-title":"Ripe atlas: A global internet measurement network","volume":"18","author":"Staff RIPE NCC","year":"2015","unstructured":"RIPE NCC Staff. 2015. Ripe atlas: A global internet measurement network. Internet Protocol Journal, Vol. 18, 3 (2015).","journal-title":"Internet Protocol Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","volume-title":"2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14)","author":"Sundaresan Srikanth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Srikanth Sundaresan, Sam Burnett, Nick Feamster, and Walter De Donato. 2014. {BISmark}: A Testbed for Deploying Measurements and Applications in Broadband Access Networks. In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14). 383--394."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","unstructured":"About the Among Us servers. [n. d.]. https:\/\/innersloth.zendesk.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/9686064498580-About-the-Among-Us-servers. Accessed: 2023-05-23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","unstructured":"Improving the quality of the output. [n. d.]. https:\/\/tesseract-ocr.github.io\/tessdoc\/ImproveQuality.html. Accessed: 2022-05-18."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","unstructured":"Guide to Live Streaming in China 2022. [n. d.]. https:\/\/seoagencychina.com\/live-streaming-marketing-guide-china\/. Accessed: 2022-09-11."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","unstructured":"China Bans Twitch. [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/china-bans-twitch-2018-9. Accessed: 2022-09-11."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","unstructured":"Marc Ubaldino. 2019. OpenSextant Xponents: Geotagging Toolkit for World-wide Geography. https:\/\/opensextant.github.io\/Xponents\/. Accessed: 2023-03-15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-31966-5_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","unstructured":"Which 15 Countries Have The Most Twitch Viewers? [n. d.]. https:\/\/visualsbyimpulse.com\/countries-most-twitch-viewers-top-15\/. Accessed: 2022-09-11."}],"event":{"name":"IMC '23: ACM Internet Measurement Conference","sponsor":["SIGCOMM ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication"],"location":"Montreal QC Canada","acronym":"IMC '23"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2023 ACM on Internet Measurement Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3618257.3624816","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3618257.3624816","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T13:16:39Z","timestamp":1755868599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3618257.3624816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3618257.3624816","10.1145\/3618257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3618257.3624816","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}