{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T01:09:16Z","timestamp":1777338556477,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":40,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"The EU","award":["101041223, 101021377, 952215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101041223, 101021377, 952215"]}]},{"name":"The French National Research Agency (ANR)","award":["ANR-17-CE23-0014, ANR-21-CE23-0031-02, ANR-19-P3IA-0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-CE23-0014, ANR-21-CE23-0031-02, ANR-19-P3IA-0003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3618257.3624823","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:19:52Z","timestamp":1698020392000},"page":"370-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Understanding the Privacy Risks of Popular Search Engine Advertising Systems"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1597-7749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salim","family":"Chouaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LIX, CNRS, Inria, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-5088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana","family":"Goga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIX, CNRS, Inria, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5895-8903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Haddadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London &amp; Brave Software, London, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7880-2503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brave Software, San Francisco, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. Ad Block engine in Rust. https:\/\/www.npmjs. com\/package\/adblock-rs"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. Disconnect Entity List. https:\/\/github.com\/ mozilla-services\/shavar-prod-lists\/blob\/master\/disconnect-entitylist.json"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. DuckDuckGo seach engine. https: \/\/duckduckgo.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. EasyList. https:\/\/easylist.to\/easylist\/easylist.txt"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. EasyPrivacy. https:\/\/easylist.to\/easylist\/ easyprivacy.txt"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. MovieLens. https:\/\/movielens.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. Puppeteer. https:\/\/www.npmjs.com\/package\/ puppeteer"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. Puppeteer Extra Plugin Stealth. https: \/\/www.npmjs.com\/package\/puppeteer-extra-plugin-stealth"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. Qwant seach engine. https:\/\/www.qwant.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Last accessed September 11 2023. StartPage seach engine. https:\/\/www.startpage. com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brave. Last accessed September 11, 2023. What are the best private search engines? https:\/\/brave.com\/learn\/no-tracking-search-engine\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2009.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442381.3449837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Definition Google Click","year":"2023","unstructured":"Google Click Identifier (GCLID): Definition. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Google Click Identifier (GCLID): Definition. https:\/\/support.google.com\/google-ads\/answer\/9744275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Nurullah Demir Daniel Theis Tobias Urban and Norbert Pohlmann. 2022. To- wards Understanding First-Party Cookie Tracking in the Field."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Web Docs MDN","year":"2023","unstructured":"MDN Web Docs. Last accessed September 11, 2023. The Anchor element - ping attribute. https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTML\/Element\/a#ping"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Web Docs MDN","year":"2023","unstructured":"MDN Web Docs. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Redirections in HTTP. https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTTP\/Redirections"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Microsoft DuckGo","year":"2023","unstructured":"DuckDuckGo and Microsoft. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Duck- DuckGo Help Pages - Company Ads by Microsoft on DuckDuckGo Private Search. https:\/\/help.duckduckgo.com\/duckduckgo-help-pages\/company\/ads-by-microsoft-on-duckduckgo-private-search\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"EasyList. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Overview. https:\/\/easylist.to\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Github. Last accessed September 11, 2023. PyEnchant. https:\/\/pyenchant.github. io\/pyenchant\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Google. Last accessed: September 11, 2023. Stats and Analysis. https:\/\/trends. google.com\/trends"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1879141.1879152"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2488388.2488435"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Help Google Analytics","year":"2023","unstructured":"Google Analytics Help. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Common questions about Google Ads Clicks and Analytics Sessions. https:\/\/support.google.com\/ analytics\/answer\/4588454?hl=en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Help Microsoft","year":"2023","unstructured":"Microsoft Help. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Auto-tagging of Microsoft Click ID. https:\/\/help.ads.microsoft.com\/apex\/index\/3\/en\/60000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/popets-2020-0079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Mihajlija Milica","year":"2023","unstructured":"Milica Mihajlija. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Cookies Having Independent Partitioned State (CHIPS). https:\/\/developer.chrome.com\/docs\/privacy-sandbox\/ chips\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Mihajlija Milica","year":"2023","unstructured":"Milica Mihajlija. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Cookies Having Independent Partitioned State (CHIPS) origin trial. https:\/\/developer.chrome.com\/blog\/chips-origin-trial\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"VPN.","year":"2023","unstructured":"NordVPN. Last accessed September 11, 2023. The best private search engines for secure browsing. https:\/\/nordvpn.com\/blog\/private-search-engines\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Help Pages DuckGo","year":"2023","unstructured":"DuckDuckGo Help Pages. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Company - Advertising and Affiliates. https:\/\/help.duckduckgo.com\/duckduckgo-help-pages\/company\/advertising-and-affiliates\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","author":"Help Pages DuckGo","year":"2023","unstructured":"DuckDuckGo Help Pages. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Privacy - Anonymous Localized Results. https:\/\/help.duckduckgo.com\/privacy\/anonymous- localized-results\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qwant. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Legal information. https:\/\/about. qwant.com\/en\/legal\/confidentialite"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517745.3561415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shamma Rashed Tasnim Said Amal Abdulrahman Arsiema Yohannes and Mon- ther Aldwairi. 2022. Evaluating Web Search Engines Results for Personalization and User Tracking. (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.2211.11518","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2211.11518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2228298.2228315"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1273221.1273222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"StartPage. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Can I advertise on Start-Page? https:\/\/support.startpage.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/5076181310612-Can-I-advertise-on-Startpage-"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"StartPage. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Privacy Policy. https:\/\/www. startpage.com\/en\/privacy-policy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Last accessed","year":"2023","unstructured":"WebKit. Last accessed September 11, 2023. Tracking Prevention Policy. https: \/\/webkit.org\/tracking-prevention-policy\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1242572.1242652"}],"event":{"name":"IMC '23: ACM Internet Measurement Conference","location":"Montreal QC Canada","acronym":"IMC '23","sponsor":["SIGCOMM ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2023 ACM on Internet Measurement Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3618257.3624823","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3618257.3624823","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T13:17:49Z","timestamp":1755868669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3618257.3624823"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3618257.3624823","10.1145\/3618257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3618257.3624823","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}