{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T01:06:01Z","timestamp":1759799161618,"version":"build-2065373602"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":67,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3623809.3623866","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,3]],"date-time":"2023-12-03T12:50:35Z","timestamp":1701607835000},"page":"3-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identifying the Focus of Attention in Human-Robot Conversational Groups"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0933-9214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hooman","family":"Hedayati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyoto University, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8284-8659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annika","family":"Muehlbradt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adobe, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2760-8318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1848-7884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Szafir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2316\/Journal.206.2006.4.206-2909"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-05204-1_48"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2496269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40415-3_22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2559636.2559666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2014.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2015.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-020-00730-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","volume-title":"13th IEEE international workshop on robot and human interactive communication (IEEE Catalog No. 04TH8759)","author":"Bartneck Christoph","year":"2004","unstructured":"Christoph Bartneck and Jodi Forlizzi. 2004. A design-centred framework for social human-robot interaction. In RO-MAN 2004. 13th IEEE international workshop on robot and human interactive communication (IEEE Catalog No. 04TH8759). IEEE, 591\u2013594."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 637\u2013644","author":"Bohus Dan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dan Bohus, Chit\u00a0W Saw, and Eric Horvitz. 2014. Directions robot: in-the-wild experiences and lessons learned. In Proceedings of the 2014 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 637\u2013644."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/105971230000800104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"Leander van\u00a0der Meij, and Hayley Hung","author":"Cabrera-Quiros Laura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laura Cabrera-Quiros, Andrew Demetriou, Ekin Gedik, Leander van\u00a0der Meij, and Hayley Hung. 2018. The MatchNMingle dataset: a novel multi-sensor resource for the analysis of social interactions and group dynamics in-the-wild during free-standing conversations and speed dates. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46454-1_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Social Robotics. Springer, 145\u2013154","author":"Chen Yingfeng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yingfeng Chen, Feng Wu, Wei Shuai, Ningyang Wang, Rongya Chen, and Xiaoping Chen. 2015. Kejia robot\u2013an attractive shopping mall guider. In International Conference on Social Robotics. Springer, 145\u2013154."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","volume-title":"Asian conference on computer vision. Springer, 251\u2013263","author":"Chung Joon\u00a0Son","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joon\u00a0Son Chung and Andrew Zisserman. 2016. Out of time: automated lip sync in the wild. In Asian conference on computer vision. Springer, 251\u2013263."},{"volume-title":"Emotions and affect in human factors and human-computer interaction","author":"Daily B","key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","unstructured":"Shaundra\u00a0B Daily, Melva\u00a0T James, David Cherry, John\u00a0J Porter\u00a0III, Shelby\u00a0S Darnell, Joseph Isaac, and Tania Roy. 2017. Affective computing: historical foundations, current applications, and future trends. In Emotions and affect in human factors and human-computer interaction. Elsevier, 213\u2013231."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","unstructured":"Kahneman Daniel. 2017. Thinking fast and slow."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1957656.1957694"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3451883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark Everingham Josef Sivic and Andrew Zisserman. 2006. Hello! My name is... Buffy\u201d\u2013Automatic Naming of Characters in TV Video.. In BMVC Vol.\u00a02. 6.","DOI":"10.5244\/C.20.92"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3523760.3523798"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarah Gillet Marynel V\u00e1zquez Christopher Peters Fangkai Yang and Iolanda Leite. 2022. Multiparty interaction between humans and socially interactive agents. In The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents Intelligent Virtual Agents and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity Platforms Application. 113\u2013154.","DOI":"10.1145\/3563659.3563665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2009.5354497"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","unstructured":"Hooman Hedayati. 2021. Improving Human-Robot Conversational Groups."},{"volume-title":"2020 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 11181\u201311188","author":"Hedayati Hooman","key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","unstructured":"Hooman Hedayati, Annika Muehlbradt, Daniel\u00a0J Szafir, and Sean Andrist. [n. d.]. Reform: Recognizing f-formations for social robots. In 2020 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 11181\u201311188."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"Symbiotic Society with Avatars (SSA) Beyond Space and Time. In Companion of the 2023 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. 953\u2013955","author":"Hedayati Hooman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hooman Hedayati, Stela\u00a0Hanbyeol Seo, Takayuki Kanda, Daniel\u00a0J Rea, Sean Andrist, Yukiko Nakano, and Hiroshi Ishiguro. 2023. Symbiotic Society with Avatars (SSA) Beyond Space and Time. In Companion of the 2023 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. 953\u2013955."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3523760.3523815"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3383015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","volume-title":"Putting a face to the voice: Fusing audio and visual signals across a video to determine speakers. arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.00079","author":"Hoover Ken","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ken Hoover, Sourish Chaudhuri, Caroline Pantofaru, Malcolm Slaney, and Ian Sturdy. 2017. Putting a face to the voice: Fusing audio and visual signals across a video to determine speakers. arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.00079 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chien-Ming Huang Takamasa Iio Satoru Satake and Takayuki Kanda. 2014. Modeling and Controlling Friendliness for An Interactive Museum Robot.. In Robotics: science and systems. Citeseer 12\u201316.","DOI":"10.15607\/RSS.2014.X.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1514095.1514127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2010.2062550"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","unstructured":"Adam Kendon. 1990. Conducting interaction: Patterns of behavior in focused encounters. Vol.\u00a07. CUP Archive."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Epigenetic Robotics, Vol.\u00a02001","author":"Kozima Hideki","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hideki Kozima and Hiroyuki Yano. 2001. A robot that learns to communicate with human caregivers. In Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Epigenetic Robotics, Vol.\u00a02001."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2013.6696769"},{"volume-title":"Joint attention: Its origins and role in development","author":"Moore Chris","key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","unstructured":"Chris Moore, Philip\u00a0J Dunham, and Phil Dunham. 2014. Joint attention: Its origins and role in development. Psychology Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","volume-title":"Christine Delgado, Yuly Pomares, Amy\u00a0Vaughan Van\u00a0Hecke, and Meaghan\u00a0Venezia Parlade.","author":"Mundy Peter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peter Mundy, Jessica Block, Christine Delgado, Yuly Pomares, Amy\u00a0Vaughan Van\u00a0Hecke, and Meaghan\u00a0Venezia Parlade. 2007. Individual differences and the development of joint attention in infancy. Child development 78, 3 (2007), 938\u2013954."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","volume-title":"joint attention, and social cognition. Current directions in psychological science 16, 5","author":"Mundy Peter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peter Mundy and Lisa Newell. 2007. Attention, joint attention, and social cognition. Current directions in psychological science 16, 5 (2007), 269\u2013274."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540090310001655101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3242969.3243029"},{"volume-title":"Social Robots: Technological, Societal and Ethical Aspects of Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Niemel\u00e4 Marketta","key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","unstructured":"Marketta Niemel\u00e4, P\u00e4ivi Heikkil\u00e4, Hanna Lammi, and Virpi Oksman. 2019. A social robot in a shopping mall: studies on acceptance and stakeholder expectations. In Social Robots: Technological, Societal and Ethical Aspects of Human-Robot Interaction. Springer, 119\u2013144."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2017.8172305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3029798.3038312"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9341297"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2724731"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3242969.3243025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2017.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP40776.2020.9053900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RO-MAN46459.2019.8956386"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123783"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1121241.1121293"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-11973-1_34"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3392824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_57_1","volume-title":"Conversation Group Detection With Spatio-Temporal Context. arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.02559","author":"Tan Stephanie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stephanie Tan, David\u00a0MJ Tax, and Hayley Hung. 2022. Conversation Group Detection With Spatio-Temporal Context. arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.02559 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3371382.3378363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang\u00a0Zhi Tan Elizabeth\u00a0Jeanne Carter Prithu Pareek and Aaron Steinfeld. 2022. Group Formation in Multi-Robot Human Interaction During Service Scenarios. In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION. 159\u2013169.","DOI":"10.1145\/3536221.3556583"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_60_1","volume-title":"An End-to-End Approach for Training Neural Network Binary Classifiers on Metrics Based on the Confusion Matrix. arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.01367","author":"Tsoi Nathan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nathan Tsoi, Kate Candon, Yofti Milkessa, and Marynel V\u00e1zquez. 2020. An End-to-End Approach for Training Neural Network Binary Classifiers on Metrics Based on the Confusion Matrix. arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.01367 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2003.1248813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2909824.3020207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_63_1","volume-title":"Pose Generation for Social Robots in Conversational Group Formations. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 8","author":"V\u00e1zquez Marynel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marynel V\u00e1zquez, Alexander Lew, Eden Gorevoy, and Joe Connolly. 2021. Pose Generation for Social Robots in Conversational Group Formations. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 8 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_64_1","volume-title":"Can robotic interaction improve joint attention skills?Journal of autism and developmental disorders 45, 11","author":"Warren E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zachary\u00a0E Warren, Zhi Zheng, Amy\u00a0R Swanson, Esubalew Bekele, Lian Zhang, Julie\u00a0A Crittendon, Amy\u00a0F Weitlauf, and Nilanjan Sarkar. 2015. Can robotic interaction improve joint attention skills?Journal of autism and developmental disorders 45, 11 (2015), 3726\u20133734."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-03653-3_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2014.2303083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_67_1","volume-title":"GA-STT: Human Trajectory Prediction with Group Aware Spatial-Temporal Transformer","author":"Zhou Lei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lei Zhou, Dingye Yang, Xiaolin Zhai, Shichao Wu, Zhengxi Hu, and Jingtai Liu. 2022. GA-STT: Human Trajectory Prediction with Group Aware Spatial-Temporal Transformer. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (2022)."}],"event":{"name":"HAI '23: International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction","acronym":"HAI '23","location":"Gothenburg Sweden"},"container-title":["International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3623809.3623866","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3623809.3623866","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T19:32:07Z","timestamp":1759779127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3623809.3623866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3623809.3623866","10.1145\/3623809"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3623809.3623866","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}