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While geoparsing can benefit many domains, a summary of its specific applications is still missing. Further, there is a lack of a comprehensive review and comparison of existing approaches for location reference recognition, which is the first and core step of geoparsing. To fill these research gaps, this review first summarizes seven typical application domains of geoparsing: geographic information retrieval, disaster management, disease surveillance, traffic management, spatial humanities, tourism management, and crime management. We then review existing approaches for location reference recognition by categorizing these approaches into four groups based on their underlying functional principle: rule-based, gazetteer matching\u2013based, statistical learning-\u2013based, and hybrid approaches. Next, we thoroughly evaluate the correctness and computational efficiency of the 27\u00a0most widely used approaches for location reference recognition based on 26 public datasets with different types of texts (e.g., social media posts and news stories) containing 39,736 location references worldwide. Results from this thorough evaluation can help inform future methodological developments and can help guide the selection of proper approaches based on application needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3625819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T16:00:30Z","timestamp":1696435230000},"page":"1-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Location Reference Recognition from Texts: A Survey and Comparison"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5649-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuke","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Data Science, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6117-2071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6336-8772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5515-4125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingjie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3408-982X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuqiang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4735-7360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Kersten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Data Science, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0051-7451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongchao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1856-7334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Friederike","family":"Klan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Data Science, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2820783.2820795"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40890-019-0088-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Demonstrations)","author":"Akbik Alan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alan Akbik, Tanja Bergmann, Duncan Blythe, Kashif Rasul, Stefan Schweter, and Roland Vollgraf. 2019. 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