{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T01:31:31Z","timestamp":1784165491970,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":51,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2113955, 2144249, 1821136, 2229612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2113955, 2144249, 1821136, 2229612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3626252.3630811","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T18:17:20Z","timestamp":1709835440000},"page":"993-999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Computing Self-Efficacy in Undergraduate Students: A Multi-Institutional and Intersectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2929-9264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vidushi","family":"Ojha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3466-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leah","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7339-5961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colleen M.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological review","author":"Bandura Albert","year":"1977","unstructured":"Albert Bandura. 1977. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological review, Vol. 84, 2 (1977), 191."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.1986.4.3.359"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08993408.2014.963363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3017680.3017751"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Race against the machine: How the digital revolution is accelerating innovation, driving productivity, and irreversibly transforming employment and the economy","author":"Brynjolfsson Erik","unstructured":"Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee. 2011. Race against the machine: How the digital revolution is accelerating innovation, driving productivity, and irreversibly transforming employment and the economy. Digital Frontier Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/KQJL-RTW1-VVUY-BHLG"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/JGJR-0KVL-HRF7-GCNV"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Center for Evaluating the Research Pipeline. 2023. Data Buddies Survey: 2022 Annual Report. https:\/\/datavisualization.cra.org\/DBS_annualReport_2022.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036632"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Meltzoff","author":"Cheryan Sapna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sapna Cheryan, Allison Master, and Andrew N. Meltzoff. 2015. Cultural stereotypes as gatekeepers: increasing girls' interest in computer science and engineering by diversifying stereotypes. Frontiers in Psychology , Vol. 6 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Predictors of C# programming language self efficacy among vocational college students","volume":"5","author":"Cigdem Harun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harun Cigdem and Osman Gazi Yildirim. 2014. Predictors of C# programming language self efficacy among vocational college students. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, Vol. 5, 3 (2014), 145--153.","journal-title":"International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Code.org. 2022. 2022 State of Computer Science Education. https:\/\/advocacy.code.org\/stateofcs."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249688"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Computing Research Association. 2021. The CRA Taulbee Survey. https:\/\/cra.org\/resources\/taulbee-survey\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Feminist legal theories","author":"Crenshaw Kimberl\u00e9","unstructured":"Kimberl\u00e9 Crenshaw. 2013. Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. In Feminist legal theories. Routledge, 23--51."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 2. 1274--1274","author":"Fernandes \u00c1kila","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00c1kila Fernandes and Rodrigo Duran. 2023. When computing is mandatory: Sense of belonging and self-efficacy in elementary and secondary education. In Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 2. 1274--1274."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/543812.543836"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/pol.20190573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0747-5632(02)00079-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Are men more technology-oriented than women? The role of gender on the development of general computer self-efficacy of college students","volume":"21","author":"He Jun","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jun He and Lee A Freeman. 2010. Are men more technology-oriented than women? The role of gender on the development of general computer self-efficacy of college students. Journal of Information Systems Education , Vol. 21, 2 (2010), 203--212.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Systems Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3501385.3543963"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.31.3.356"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2008.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2016911.2016915"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0735633115608440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/0162373717693109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Stuck in the Shallow End, updated edition: Education, Race, and Computing","author":"Margolis Jane","unstructured":"Jane Margolis. 2017. Stuck in the Shallow End, updated edition: Education, Race, and Computing. MIT press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dhe0000171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"The relationship of computer self-efficacy expectations to computer interest and course enrollment in college. Sex roles","author":"Miura Irene T","year":"1987","unstructured":"Irene T Miura. 1987. The relationship of computer self-efficacy expectations to computer interest and course enrollment in college. Sex roles, Vol. 16, 5 (1987), 303--311."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"National Center for Women and Information Technology. 2021. By The Numbers. https:\/\/ncwit.org\/resource\/bythenumbers\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Lewis","author":"Nguyen An","year":"2020","unstructured":"An Nguyen and Colleen M. Lewis. 2020. Competitive Enrollment Policies in Computing Departments Negatively Predict First-Year Students' Sense of Belonging, Self-Efficacy, and Perception of Department. In SIGCSE Proceedings. 685--691."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Pre-registration: Computing Self-Efficacy in Undergraduate CS Students. https:\/\/osf.io\/8r25g\/?view_only=a9bdf1c6b91e46a59aeac26302902670.","author":"Ojha Vidushi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vidushi Ojha. 2023. Pre-registration: Computing Self-Efficacy in Undergraduate CS Students. https:\/\/osf.io\/8r25g\/?view_only=a9bdf1c6b91e46a59aeac26302902670."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Inside the double bind: A synthesis of empirical research on undergraduate and graduate women of color in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Harvard educational review","author":"Ong Maria","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maria Ong, Carol Wright, Lorelle Espinosa, and Gary Orfield. 2011. Inside the double bind: A synthesis of empirical research on undergraduate and graduate women of color in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Harvard educational review , Vol. 81, 2 (2011), 172--209."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Are computer science and information technology still masculine fields? High school students' perceptions and career choices. Computers & education","author":"Papastergiou Marina","year":"2008","unstructured":"Marina Papastergiou. 2008. Are computer science and information technology still masculine fields? High school students' perceptions and career choices. Computers & education , Vol. 51, 2 (2008), 594--608."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"A field study of computer efficacy beliefs as an outcome of training: the role of computer playfulness, computer knowledge, and performance during training. Computers in Human behavior","author":"Potosky Denise","year":"2002","unstructured":"Denise Potosky. 2002. A field study of computer efficacy beliefs as an outcome of training: the role of computer playfulness, computer knowledge, and performance during training. Computers in Human behavior , Vol. 18, 3 (2002), 241--255."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/C670-Y3C8-LTJ1-CT3P"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3328778.3366873"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08993408.2018.1457899"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Not just Black and not just a woman: Black women belonging in computing. In 2018 Research on Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology (RESPECT)","author":"Solomon Amber","unstructured":"Amber Solomon, DeKita Moon, Armisha L Roberts, and Juan E Gilbert. 2018. Not just Black and not just a woman: Black women belonging in computing. In 2018 Research on Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology (RESPECT). IEEE, 1--5."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.4dfb.8dfd"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2020.1855028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-006-9026-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0735633117746747"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"identity, and political vision: Toward a justice-centered approach to equity in computer science education. Harvard educational review","author":"Vakil Sepehr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sepehr Vakil. 2018. Ethics, identity, and political vision: Toward a justice-centered approach to equity in computer science education. Harvard educational review , Vol. 88, 1 (2018), 26--52."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","unstructured":"Wang Hansi Lo. 2022. The U.S. census sees Middle Eastern and North African people as white. Many don't. https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2022\/02\/17\/1079181478\/us-census-middle-eastern-white-north-african-mena."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11120\/ital.2010.09020012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09500693.2021.1900623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/JWomenMinorScienEng.2014005111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268769"}],"event":{"name":"SIGCSE 2024: The 55th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education","location":"Portland OR USA","acronym":"SIGCSE 2024","sponsor":["SIGCSE ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 55th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3626252.3630811","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3626252.3630811","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T04:30:29Z","timestamp":1755750629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3626252.3630811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3626252.3630811","10.1145\/3626252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3626252.3630811","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}