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Today, such studies are more common than ever. While this is great for advancing the field, the number of publications makes it difficult to keep an overview. Additionally, designing rigorous code comprehension experiments with human participants is a challenging task, and the multitude of design options can make it difficult for researchers, especially newcomers to the field, to select a suitable design.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>We therefore conducted a systematic mapping study of 95 source code comprehension experiments published between 1979 and 2019. By structuring the design characteristics of code comprehension studies, we provide a basis for subsequent discussion of the huge diversity of design options in the face of a lack of basic research on their consequences and comparability. We describe what topics have been studied, as well as how these studies have been designed, conducted, and reported. Frequently chosen design options and deficiencies are pointed out to support researchers of all levels of domain expertise in designing their own studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3626522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T12:07:12Z","timestamp":1696939632000},"page":"1-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["40 Years of Designing Code Comprehension Experiments: A Systematic Mapping Study"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8506-3294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marvin","family":"Wyrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5788-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justus","family":"Bogner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5256-8429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-018-9628-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2018.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0164-1212(95)00074-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2745802.2745818"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.110586"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/800253.807736"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2016.2527791"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(83)80031-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(84)90050-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ESEM.2011.36"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2007.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236024.3275426"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC52881.2021.00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-018-9655-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/169059.169088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2019.00050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/jssci.2009040104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1986.6312957"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER.2017.7884623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"ISO\/IEC. 2011. 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