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For real-time applications in particular, repeated\n            <jats:italic>reservoir resampling<\/jats:italic>\n            offers a powerful framework to reuse samples both spatially in an image and temporally across multiple frames. While such techniques achieve equal-error up to 100\u00d7 faster for real-time direct lighting [Bitterli et\u00a0al.\n            <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">2020<\/jats:xref>\n            ] and global illumination [Ouyang et\u00a0al.\n            <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">2021<\/jats:xref>\n            ; Lin et\u00a0al.\n            <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">2021<\/jats:xref>\n            ], they are still far from optimal. For instance, spatiotemporal resampling often introduces noticeable correlation artifacts, while reservoirs holding more than one sample suffer from impoverishment in the form of duplicate samples. We demonstrate how interleaving\n            <jats:italic>Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)<\/jats:italic>\n            mutations with reservoir resampling helps alleviate these issues, especially in scenes with glossy materials and difficult-to-sample lighting. Moreover, our approach does not introduce any bias, and in practice, we find considerable improvement in image quality with just a single mutation per reservoir sample in each frame.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3629166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T21:32:16Z","timestamp":1697751136000},"page":"1-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Decorrelating ReSTIR Samplers via MCMC Mutations"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3661-1554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohan","family":"Sawhney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University and NVIDIA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5139-6418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daqi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5206-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Kettunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8799-7119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Bitterli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3993-5789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi","family":"Ramamoorthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA and UC San Diego, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5133-4292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Wyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0566-8291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matt","family":"Pharr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3406183"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3472294","article-title":"Ensemble metropolis light transport","volume":"41","author":"Bashford-Rogers Thomas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomas Bashford-Rogers, Lu\u00eds Paulo Santos, Demetris Marnerides, and Kurt Debattista. 2021. 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