{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T14:29:01Z","timestamp":1760711341374,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"CSCW1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["1941679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1941679"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Online search and brokering (OSB) is the phenomenon in which youth search for information for their immigrant families on the Internet. Few studies exist on reflecting on the past as youth conduct OSB from childhood to adolescence to young adulthood. We conducted a retrospective study using semi-structured interviews of 27 young adults (ages 19 - 24) to examine their experience and perceptions of OSB over time (primary schooling, secondary schooling, undergraduate). We found that although all the interviewees shared a common experience of being an online searcher and information broker for their immigrant families, their stories exist on various dimensions which are constantly shifting and changing over time, as ecological factors influence searching behaviors. We discuss how the results from our study can serve as future references for researchers doing work in search research and designers who are currently working on improving design tools for searching.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3637345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T10:05:31Z","timestamp":1714385131000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["\"I felt like I was doing grown-up things\": Young Adult Reflections on their Childhood Experiences of Online Searching and Brokering in Immigrant Families"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3457-8727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anh","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1113-746X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3987-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linh","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0576-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5986-3589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linh","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8288-5521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9980-0670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason C.","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Youth Data Literacy: Teen Perspectives on Data Created with Social Media and Mobile Devices. Hawaii Int. Conf. Syst. Sci. 2018 HICSS-51 (January","author":"Acker Amelia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amelia Acker and Leanne Bowler. 2018. Youth Data Literacy: Teen Perspectives on Data Created with Social Media and Mobile Devices. Hawaii Int. Conf. Syst. Sci. 2018 HICSS-51 (January 2018). Retrieved from https:\/\/aisel.aisnet.org\/hicss-51\/dsm\/learning_in_dsm\/2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0197918319879057"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Adichie Chimamanda Ngozi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: The danger of a single story | TED Talk. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/chimamanda_ngozi_adichie_the_danger_of_a_single_story"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Bounded rationality and satisficing in young people's Web-based decision making. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","author":"Agosto Denise","year":"2002","unstructured":"Denise Agosto. 2002. Bounded rationality and satisficing in young people's Web-based decision making. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2002). Retrieved from https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/asi.10024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Toward a model of the everyday life information needs of urban teenagers, Part 2: Empirical model. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","author":"Agosto Denise","year":"2006","unstructured":"Denise Agosto. 2006. Toward a model of the everyday life information needs of urban teenagers, Part 2: Empirical model. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2006). Retrieved from https:\/\/asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/asi.20452?casa_token=-o7ISHYXmvcAAAAA:2ulkPFY0snxLE1mC26621r5svjxUsXAt7fvqSVoCDENB9I4nwrgFwnNXYZBxl2Y1vp7d5M-sUGlrXIg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740--8188(02)00131--7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ILS-09--2018-0096"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/352212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-03--2017-0048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AJIM-05--2019-0129"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/multi-2021-0152"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Home broadband adoption, computer ownership vary by race, ethnicity in the U","author":"Atske Sara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sara Atske and Andrew Perrin. Home broadband adoption, computer ownership vary by race, ethnicity in the U.S. Pew Research Center. Retrieved June 27, 2023 from https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2021\/07\/16\/home-broadband-adoption-computer-ownership-vary-by-race-ethnicity-in-the-u-s\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-021-02165-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-016-0312--5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306--4573(01)00057--7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21125\/iceri.2019.1370"},{"volume-title":"Language and Symbolic Power","author":"Bourdieu Pierre","key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Pierre Bourdieu. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000618769967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2009.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Brazier David","year":"2019","unstructured":"David Brazier, Geoff Walton, and Morgan Harvey. 2019. An investigation into Scottish teenagers' information literacy and search skills. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from http:\/\/www.informationr.net\/ir\/24--1\/isic2018\/isic1819.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15228835.2018.1518186"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Cherewka Alexis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alexis Cherewka. 2020. The Digital Divide Hits U.S. Immigrant Households Disproportionately during the COVID-19 Pandemic. migrationpolicy.org. Retrieved May 30, 2023 from https:\/\/www.migrationpolicy.org\/article\/digital-divide-hits-us-immigrant-households-during-covid-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199899616.003.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcom.12067"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"0","article-title":"The Power of Youth: How the Bottom-up Technology Transmission from Children to Parents is Related to Digital (In)equality","volume":"9","author":"Correa Teresa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teresa Correa. 2015. The Power of Youth: How the Bottom-up Technology Transmission from Children to Parents is Related to Digital (In)equality. Int. J. Commun. 9, 0 (April 2015), 24.","journal-title":"Int. J. Commun."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-016--1539--3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536504212436479"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010--9452(08)70878--5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/lapo.12152"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.12832"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741--3737.2004.00023.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753388"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2063576.2063638"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000875"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21700"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22809"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","article-title":"(Re)shaping Practices in Translation: How Moroccan Immigrant Children and Families Navigate Continuity and Change","author":"Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez Inmaculada","year":"2010","unstructured":"Inmaculada Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez. 2010. (Re)shaping Practices in Translation: How Moroccan Immigrant Children and Families Navigate Continuity and Change. MediAzioni J. Interdiscip. Stud. Lang. Cult. 10, (January 2010), 182--214.","journal-title":"MediAzioni J. Interdiscip. Stud. Lang. Cult. 10"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2020.1847445"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34293\/education.v8i4.3232"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3173731"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Part 1. Broadband Adoption in the United States","author":"Horrigan John B.","year":"2022","unstructured":"John B. Horrigan. 2006. Part 1. Broadband Adoption in the United States. Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2006\/05\/28\/part-1-broadband-adoption-in-the-united-states\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Kids Living and Learning with New Media","author":"Ito Mizuko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mizuko Ito. 2013. Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out: Kids Living and Learning with New Media. The MIT Press. Retrieved September 13, 2022 from https:\/\/library.oapen.org\/handle\/20.500.12657\/26060"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Becky Herr Stephenson, Patricia G Lange, C. J. Pascoe, and Laura Robinson.","author":"Ito Mizuko","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mizuko Ito, Heather A Horst, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Becky Herr Stephenson, Patricia G Lange, C. J. Pascoe, and Laura Robinson. 2009. Living and Learning with New Media. Cambridge."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Internet Web-Searching Instruction in the Elementary Classroom: Building a Foundation for Information Literacy","volume":"25","author":"Kafai Yasmin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yasmin Kafai and Marcia J. Bates. 1997. Internet Web-Searching Instruction in the Elementary Classroom: Building a Foundation for Information Literacy. Sch. Libr. Media Q. 25, 2 (1997), 103--11.","journal-title":"Sch. Libr. Media Q."},{"volume-title":"Kids in the Middle: How Children of Immigrants Negotiate Community Interactions for Their Families","author":"Katz Vikki S.","key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","unstructured":"Vikki S. Katz. 2014. Kids in the Middle: How Children of Immigrants Negotiate Community Interactions for Their Families. Rutgers University Press."},{"volume-title":"How Children of Immigrants Use Media to Connect Their Families to the Community: The case of Latinos in South","author":"Katz Vikki S.","key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","unstructured":"Vikki S. Katz. How Children of Immigrants Use Media to Connect Their Families to the Community: The case of Latinos in South Los Angeles: Journal of Children and Media: Vol 4, No 3. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/17482798.2010.486136"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764215601712"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016--1758R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Washington, D.C. Retrieved","author":"Kennedy Tracy L. M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tracy L. M. Kennedy. 2008. Networked families: parents and spouses are using the internet and cell phones to create a new connectedness\" that builds on remote connections and shared internet experiences. Pew Internet & American Life Project, Washington, D.C. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from http:\/\/pewinternet.org\/pdfs\/PIP_Networked_Family.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327051HCI1504_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025572"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-018-0851--4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14742\/ajet.986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/RRQ.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jcfs.45.4.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yvonna Lincoln and Egon Guba. 1985. Naturalistic Inquiry. SAGE Publications Inc.","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rrq.241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08874417.2013.11645667"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3359174"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1294211.1294215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369183X.2021.1941818"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"Science & Tech. Retrieved","author":"The","year":"2023","unstructured":"The internet as an information and economic appliance in the lives of teens and young adults. Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech. Retrieved June 27, 2023 from https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2010\/02\/03\/part-4-the-internet-as-an-information-and-economic-appliance-in-the-lives-of-teens-and-young-adults\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Patton Michael Quinn","year":"1991","unstructured":"Michael Quinn Patton. 1991. Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Retrieved January 13, 2023 from https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/nur.4770140111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3274409"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"The Role of Funds of Knowledge in Online Search and Brokering","author":"Roldan Wendy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wendy Roldan, Paola Vanegas, Laura Pina, Carmen Gonzalez, and Jason Yip. 2019. The Role of Funds of Knowledge in Online Search and Brokering. International Society of the Learning Sciences (2019). DOI: https:\/\/doi.dx.org\/10.22318\/cscl2019.160"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08874417.2015.11645799"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-07--2018-0111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07399863870094003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","unstructured":"Donald A. Schon. 1991. Educating the Reflective Practitioner: Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions. Jossey-Bass."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/SOCP.147.2.101--118"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1094562.1094569"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192513X13502480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Yeong Kim Su","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim Su Yeong, Wen Wen, Chen Shanting, Yan Jinjin, Zhang Minyu, and Zeiders Katharine. 2022. Mexican-origin youths' language brokering for fathers and mothers: Daily experiences and youths' diurnal cortisol slopes. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from https:\/\/srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cdev.13768"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Tripp Lisa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lisa Tripp and Rebecca Herr-Stephenson. 2009. Making Access Meaningful: Latino Young People Using Digital Media at Home and at School | Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication | Oxford Academic. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcmc\/article\/14\/4\/1190\/4583583"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Valenzuela Angela","year":"1999","unstructured":"Angela Valenzuela. 1999. Subtractive Schooling. Retrieved September 12, 2022 from https:\/\/sunypress.edu\/Books\/S\/Subtractive-Schooling"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050157915601455"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0594--7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3498366.3505820"},{"volume-title":"A Sociolinguistics of the South","author":"Wiley Terrence G.","key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","unstructured":"Terrence G. Wiley. 2021. Outside in: The Relevance of Epistemologies of the Global South for North America and the United States Amidst the Immigration Debate. In A Sociolinguistics of the South. Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691830701708742"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20563051211012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1356389013497081"},{"volume-title":"Children and Families in the Digital Age","author":"Yip Jason C.","key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","unstructured":"Jason C. Yip, Carmen Gonzalez, and Vikki Katz. 2017. Children of Immigrants' Experiences in Online Information Brokering. In Children and Families in the Digital Age. Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22318\/icls2016.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ILS-01--2022-0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","volume-title":"PRB. Retrieved","author":"Economic Divides Digital","year":"2023","unstructured":"Digital and Economic Divides Put U.S. Children at Greater Educational Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic. PRB. Retrieved June 27, 2023 from https:\/\/www.prb.org\/resources\/economic-and-digital-divide\/"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3637345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3637345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T17:32:54Z","timestamp":1755883974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3637345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"CSCW1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3637345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3637345","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2573-0142"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}