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We manually curate and annotate a corpus of acts and recalls fromin-the-wild social media discussions, and verify labels with Black workshop participants. We leverage Natural Language Processing (NLP) and qualitative analysis on this data to classify (RQ1), interpret (RQ2), and characterize (RQ3) the language underlying acts and recalls of racial microaggressions in the context of racism in the U.S. Our findings show that neural language models (LMs) can classify acts and recalls with high accuracy (RQ1) with contextual words revealing themes that associate Blacks with objects that reify negative stereotypes (RQ2). Furthermore, overlapping linguistic signatures between acts and recalls serve functionally different purposes (RQ3), providing broader implications to the current challenges in content moderation systems on social media.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3637366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T10:05:31Z","timestamp":1714385131000},"page":"1-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Linguistically Differentiating Acts and Recalls of Racial Microaggressions on Social Media"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-0792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uma Sushmitha","family":"Gunturi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1159-2553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anisha","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2679-3344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0961-4397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenia H.","family":"Rho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203876527--8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/acm.0000000000003077"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447535.3462637"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Bobby Allyn. 2020. 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