{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T19:15:32Z","timestamp":1772910932918,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":20,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3638550.3641133","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T21:53:43Z","timestamp":1708466023000},"page":"79-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Crowdotic: A Privacy-Preserving Hospital Waiting Room Crowd Density Estimation with Non-speech Audio"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9862-2255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Forsad","family":"Al Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manning College of Information &amp; Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6305-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M Tanjid Hasan","family":"Tonmoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hal\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2181-3559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Lover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9733-2347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Corey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Health Services, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2240-0916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Arif Ul","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miner School of Computer &amp; Information Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1981-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tauhidur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hal\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":". [n. d.]. Netflix Movie review contest. ([n. d.]). https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2010\/03\/netflix-cancels-contest\/?utm_source=WIR_REG_GATE.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-3723(10)70017-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3381014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Min Wu, and Xiaoli Li.","author":"Chen Zhenghua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhenghua Chen, Chaoyang Jiang, Mustafa K Masood, Yeng Chai Soh, Min Wu, and Xiaoli Li. 2020. Deep learning for building occupancy estimation using environmental sensors. Deep Learning: Algorithms and Applications (2020), 335--357."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/0400000042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.02.103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Modernized crowd counting strategies for mass gatherings---a review","volume":"13","author":"Fiandeiro Miguel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miguel Fiandeiro, Thanh Thi Nguyen, Hanting Wong, and Edbert B Hsu. 2023. Modernized crowd counting strategies for mass gatherings---a review. Journal of Acute Medicine 13, 1 (2023), 4.","journal-title":"Journal of Acute Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"He Kaiming","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaiming He, X. Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, and Jian Sun. 2016. Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2016), 770--778."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"CNN Architectures for Large-Scale Audio Classification. In International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1609","author":"Hershey Shawn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shawn Hershey, Sourish Chaudhuri, Daniel P. W. Ellis, Jort F. Gemmeke, Aren Jansen, Channing Moore, Manoj Plakal, Devin Platt, Rif A. Saurous, Bryan Seybold, Malcolm Slaney, Ron Weiss, and Kevin Wilson. 2017. CNN Architectures for Large-Scale Audio Classification. In International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1609.09430"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1976.1162830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"System Design for Epidemics Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning","author":"Muthunagai SU","unstructured":"SU Muthunagai, MS Girija, R Iyswarya, S Poorani, and R Anitha. 2023. Crowd Density Estimation Using Neural Network for COVID-19 and Future Pandemics. In System Design for Epidemics Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning. Springer, 257--270."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hidayah Rahmalan Mark S Nixon and John N Carter. 2006. On crowd density estimation for surveillance. (2006).","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20060360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Garnett (Eds.)","volume":"28","author":"Ren Shaoqing","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shaoqing Ren, Kaiming He, Ross Girshick, and Jian Sun. 2015. Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, C. Cortes, N. Lawrence, D. Lee, M. Sugiyama, and R. Garnett (Eds.), Vol. 28. Curran Associates, Inc."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2015.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3269843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Oran Lang, Omry Tuval, F\u00e9lix de Chaumont Quitry, Marco Tagliasacchi, Ira Shavitt, and Dotan Emanuel.","author":"Shor Joel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joel Shor, Aren Jansen, Ronnie Zvi Maor, Oran Lang, Omry Tuval, F\u00e9lix de Chaumont Quitry, Marco Tagliasacchi, Ira Shavitt, and Dotan Emanuel. 2020. Towards Learning a Universal Non-Semantic Representation of Speech. https:\/\/www.isca-speech.org\/archive\/Interspeech_2020\/abstracts\/1242.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"http:\/\/wiki.seeedstudio.com\/ReSpeaker_Mic_Array_v2.0\/. [n. d.]. ([n. d.]). ReSpeaker: Microphone Array V2."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Attention is All you Need. ArXiv abs\/1706.03762","author":"Vaswani Ashish","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ashish Vaswani, Noam M. Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N. Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin. 2017. Attention is All you Need. ArXiv abs\/1706.03762 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EuCAP.2014.6902229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Privacy-Preserving Occupancy Estimation. In ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). 1--5.","author":"Williams Jennifer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jennifer Williams, Vahid Yazdanpanah, and Sebastian Stein. 2023. Privacy-Preserving Occupancy Estimation. In ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). 1--5."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2493432.2493435"}],"event":{"name":"HotMobile '24: 25th International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications","location":"San Diego CA USA","acronym":"HotMobile '24","sponsor":["SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 25th International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3638550.3641133","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3638550.3641133","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:06:13Z","timestamp":1750291573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3638550.3641133"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3638550.3641133","10.1145\/3638550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3638550.3641133","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}