{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:31:21Z","timestamp":1787758281420,"version":"build-2784847793"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":51,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3640794.3665560","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T06:24:56Z","timestamp":1720333496000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Beyond Words: Infusing Conversational Agents with Human-like Typing Behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0393-6195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jijie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8946-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49186-4_31"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peter Andrews Oda\u00a0Elise Nordberg Stephanie\u00a0Zubicueta Portales Nj\u00e5l Borch Frode Guribye Kazuyuki Fujita and Morten Fjeld. 2024. AiCommentator: A Multimodal Conversational Agent for Embedded Visualization in Football Viewing. In International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:268981915","DOI":"10.1145\/3640543.3645197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jana Appel Astrid M.\u00a0Rosenthal von\u00a0der P\u00fctten Nicole\u00a0C. Kr\u00e4mer and J. Gratch. 2012. Does Humanity Matter? Analyzing the Importance of Social Cues and Perceived Agency of a Computer System for the Emergence of Social Reactions during Human-Computer Interaction. Adv. Hum. Comput. Interact. 2012 (2012) 324694:1\u2013324694:10. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:5868627","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/324694"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","unstructured":"Apple. 2011. Siri. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/siri"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Potentials of Chatbots for Spell Check among","volume":"1","author":"Arifi Jeton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jeton Arifi, Markus Ebner, and Martin Ebner. 2019. Potentials of Chatbots for Spell Check among Youngsters. Int. J. Learn. Anal. Artif. Intell. Educ. 1 (2019), 77\u201388. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:201137744","journal-title":"Youngsters. Int. J. Learn. Anal. Artif. Intell. Educ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Does the Design of a Robot Influence Its Animacy and Perceived Intelligence?International Journal of Social Robotics 1","author":"Bartneck Christoph","year":"2009","unstructured":"Christoph Bartneck, Takayuki Kanda, Omar Mubin, and Abdullah\u00a0Al Mahmud. 2009. Does the Design of a Robot Influence Its Animacy and Perceived Intelligence?International Journal of Social Robotics 1 (2009), 195\u2013204. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:16182898"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236669"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2023.2229127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johannes B\u00fchrke Alfred\u00a0Benedikt Brendel Sascha Lichtenberg Stephan Diederich and Stefan Morana. 2021. Do you Feel a Connection? How Human-like Design of Conversational Agents Influences Donation Behavior. In Wirtschaftsinformatik. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:249149702","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86797-3_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","volume-title":"On the Perception of Typing Errors in Chatbot Communication. In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:232414057","author":"B\u00fchrke Johannes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Johannes B\u00fchrke, Alfred\u00a0Benedikt Brendel, Sascha Lichtenberg, Maike Greve, and Milad Mirbabaie. 2021. Is Making Mistakes Human? On the Perception of Typing Errors in Chatbot Communication. In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:232414057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2022.2061672"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","volume-title":"Does ChatGPT resemble humans in language use?arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.08014","author":"Cai G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhenguang\u00a0G Cai, David\u00a0A Haslett, Xufeng Duan, Shuqi Wang, and Martin\u00a0J Pickering. 2023. Does ChatGPT resemble humans in language use?arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.08014 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","volume-title":"How Robust is GPT-3.5 to Predecessors? A Comprehensive Study on Language Understanding Tasks. ArXiv abs\/2303.00293","author":"Chen Xuanting","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xuanting Chen, Junjie Ye, Can Zu, Nuo Xu, Rui Zheng, Minlong Peng, Jie Zhou, Tao Gui, Qi Zhang, and Xuanjing Huang. 2023. How Robust is GPT-3.5 to Predecessors? A Comprehensive Study on Language Understanding Tasks. ArXiv abs\/2303.00293 (2023). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:257255121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Behavioral momentum of typing behavior in college students","volume":"1","author":"Cohen L","year":"1996","unstructured":"Steven\u00a0L Cohen. 1996. Behavioral momentum of typing behavior in college students. Journal of Behavior Analysis and Therapy 1 (1996), 36\u201351.","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Analysis and Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence MArkup Language: A Brief Tutorial. ArXiv abs\/1307.3091","author":"Gra\u00e7as Bruno\u00a0Marietto Maria","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maria das Gra\u00e7as Bruno\u00a0Marietto, Rafael\u00a0Varago de Aguiar, Gislene de Oliveira\u00a0Barbosa, Wagner\u00a0Tanaka Botelho, Edson\u00a0Pinheiro Pimentel, Robson dos Santos\u00a0Fran\u00e7a, and Vera\u00a0L\u00facia da Silva. 2013. Artificial Intelligence MArkup Language: A Brief Tutorial. ArXiv abs\/1307.3091 (2013). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:16559756"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2023.2175158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","volume-title":"Context and Sentiment Aware Chatbot for Tourism Applications. 2023 31st Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)","author":"Ergen Harun\u00a0Re\u015fit","year":"2023","unstructured":"Harun\u00a0Re\u015fit Ergen, Yekta\u00a0Said Can, Efe\u00a0Batur Giritli, Canan Demir, and Fatih Alag\u00f6z. 2023. Context and Sentiment Aware Chatbot for Tourism Applications. 2023 31st Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU) (2023), 1\u20134. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:261315196"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-020-09548-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-022-00376-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","volume-title":"European Conference on Information Systems. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:56147085","author":"Gnewuch Ulrich","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ulrich Gnewuch, Stefan Morana, Marc Thomas\u00a0Philipp Adam, and Alexander Maedche. 2018. Faster is Not Always Better: Understanding the Effect of Dynamic Response Delays in Human-Chatbot Interaction. In European Conference on Information Systems. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:56147085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","volume-title":"Marc Thomas\u00a0Philipp Adam, and Alexander Maedche","author":"Gnewuch Ulrich","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ulrich Gnewuch, Stefan Morana, Marc Thomas\u00a0Philipp Adam, and Alexander Maedche. 2018. \u201cThe Chatbot is typing \u2026\u201d \u2013 The Role of Typing Indicators in Human-Chatbot Interaction. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:85548001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-022-00755-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","unstructured":"Google. 2017. Flutter. https:\/\/github.com\/flutter\/flutter"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"How Close is ChatGPT to Human Experts? Comparison Corpus, Evaluation, and Detection. ArXiv abs\/2301.07597","author":"Guo Biyang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Biyang Guo, Xin Zhang, Ziyuan Wang, Minqi Jiang, Jinran Nie, Yuxuan Ding, Jianwei Yue, and Yupeng Wu. 2023. How Close is ChatGPT to Human Experts? Comparison Corpus, Evaluation, and Detection. ArXiv abs\/2301.07597 (2023). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:255998637"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1387\/1\/012020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","unstructured":"IBM. 2010. Watson. https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/watson"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.emnlp-main.401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3472307.3484686"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","volume-title":"1233\u20131239. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:257803472","author":"Lee Peter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peter Lee, S\u00e9bastien Bubeck, and Joseph Petro. 2023. Benefits, Limits, and Risks of GPT-4 as an AI Chatbot for Medicine.The New England journal of medicine 388 13 (2023), 1233\u20131239. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:257803472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","volume-title":"The influence of emotion on keyboard typing: an experimental study using visual stimuli. Biomedical engineering online 13, 1","author":"Lee Po-Ming","year":"2014","unstructured":"Po-Ming Lee, Wei-Hsuan Tsui, and Tzu-Chien Hsiao. 2014. The influence of emotion on keyboard typing: an experimental study using visual stimuli. Biomedical engineering online 13, 1 (2014), 1\u201312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3571884.3597132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","volume-title":"Acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)-led chatbot services in healthcare: A mixed-methods study. Digital Health 5","author":"Nadarzynski Tom","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tom Nadarzynski, Oliver Miles, Aimee Cowie, and Damien\u00a0T. Ridge. 2019. Acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)-led chatbot services in healthcare: A mixed-methods study. Digital Health 5 (2019). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:201665120"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0022-4537.00153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-11458-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3176349.3176872"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2022. GPT3.5. https:\/\/platform.openai.com\/docs\/models\/gpt-3-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2023. ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https:\/\/chat.openai.com\/chatgpt"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","volume-title":"Harold Jan\u00a0Redonda Terano, and Md.\u00a0Mizanur Rahman","author":"Rahaman Saidur","year":"2023","unstructured":"Md.\u00a0Saidur Rahaman, M.\u00a0M.\u00a0Tahmid Ahsan, Nishath Anjum, Harold Jan\u00a0Redonda Terano, and Md.\u00a0Mizanur Rahman. 2023. From ChatGPT-3 to GPT-4: A Significant Advancement in AI-Driven NLP Tools. Journal of Engineering and Emerging Technologies (2023). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:258650483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","volume-title":"User experience questionnaire handbook. All you need to know to apply the UEQ successfully in your project","author":"Schrepp Martin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martin Schrepp. 2015. User experience questionnaire handbook. All you need to know to apply the UEQ successfully in your project (2015), 50\u201352."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NSysS.2017.7885808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-020-00667-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","unstructured":"Laury ten Donkelaar. 2018. How human should a chatbot be? : The influence of avatar appearance and anthropomorphic characteristics in the conversational tone regarding chatbots in customer service field.https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:150010697"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lisa\u00a0M Vizer. 2009. Detecting cognitive and physical stress through typing behavior. In CHI\u201909 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 3113\u20133116.","DOI":"10.1145\/1520340.1520440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","volume-title":"Innovation Through Information Systems","author":"Wambsganss Thiemo","unstructured":"Thiemo Wambsganss, Anne H\u00f6ch, Naim Zierau, and Matthias S\u00f6llner. 2021. Ethical design of conversational agents: towards principles for a value-sensitive design. In Innovation Through Information Systems: Volume I: A Collection of Latest Research on Domain Issues. Springer, 539\u2013557."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/365153.365168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10510974.2018.1557233"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","unstructured":"wordsAPI. 2020. An API for the English Language.https:\/\/www.wordsapi.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","volume-title":"A Comprehensive Capability Analysis of GPT-3 and GPT-3.5 Series Models. ArXiv abs\/2303.10420","author":"Ye Junjie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Junjie Ye, Xuanting Chen, Nuo Xu, Can Zu, Zekai Shao, Shichun Liu, Yuhan Cui, Zeyang Zhou, Chao Gong, Yang Shen, Jie Zhou, Siming Chen, Tao Gui, Qi Zhang, and Xuanjing Huang. 2023. A Comprehensive Capability Analysis of GPT-3 and GPT-3.5 Series Models. ArXiv abs\/2303.10420 (2023). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:257632113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SOSE52839.2021.00014"}],"event":{"name":"CUI '24: ACM Conversational User Interfaces 2024","location":"Luxembourg Luxembourg","acronym":"CUI '24","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["ACM Conversational User Interfaces 2024"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3640794.3665560","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3640794.3665560","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T18:02:58Z","timestamp":1755885778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3640794.3665560"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3640794.3665560","10.1145\/3640794"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3640794.3665560","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}