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This article details design and ethical recommendations based on a qualitative analysis drawing on a grounded theory approach, which was conducted with a three-step iterative design process which included user-centered design studies involving robotic well-being coaches, namely: (1) a user-centred design study conducted with 11 participants consisting of both prospective users who had participated in a Brief Solution-Focused Practice study with a human coach, as well as coaches of different disciplines, (2)\u00a0semi-structured individual interview data gathered from 20 participants attending a Positive Psychology intervention study with the robotic well-being coach Pepper, and (3) a user-centred design study conducted with 3 participants of the Positive Psychology study as well as 2 relevant well-being coaches. After conducting a thematic analysis and a qualitative analysis, we collated the data gathered into convergent and divergent themes, and we distilled from those results a set of design guidelines and ethical considerations. Our findings can inform researchers and roboticists on the key aspects to take into account when designing robotic mental well-being coaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3643457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T05:17:24Z","timestamp":1707974244000},"page":"1-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Robots as Mental Well-being Coaches: Design and Ethical Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Minja","family":"Axelsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AFAR Lab (Affective Intelligence and Robotics Laboratory); Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Micol","family":"Spitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"}]},{"given":"Hatice","family":"Gunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AFAR Lab (Affective Intelligence and Robotics Laboratory); Department of Computer Science and Technology; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nida Abbasi Micol Spitale Joanna Anderson Tamsin Ford Peter Jones and Hatice Gunes. 2022. 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