{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:57:25Z","timestamp":1778306245212,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":75,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3643832.3661868","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T17:14:23Z","timestamp":1717521263000},"page":"196-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["SoilCares: Towards Low-cost Soil Macronutrients and Moisture Monitoring Using RF-VNIR Sensing"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4330-7098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juexing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2004-7191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuda","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7390-5616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gouree","family":"Kumbhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D group, The Dow Chemical Company, Deer Park, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9353-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6272-7668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiben","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4825-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingxu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5123-7433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert C.","family":"Ferrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5396-4554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0808-2285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianxing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Crop responses to nitrogen overfertilization: A review. Scientia horticulturae 205","author":"Albornoz Francisco","year":"2016","unstructured":"Francisco Albornoz. 2016. Crop responses to nitrogen overfertilization: A review. Scientia horticulturae 205 (2016), 79--83."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Arm. 2012. BCM2835 ARM Peripherals. https:\/\/datasheets.raspberrypi.com\/bcm2835\/bcm2835-peripherals.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Aroya 2023. SUBSTRATE SENSOR. https:\/\/aroya.io\/en\/aroya-sensors\/products\/substrate-sensor"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2018RG000618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","first-page":"3953","article-title":"Near Infrared spectroscopy based a portable soil nitrogen detector design","volume":"5","author":"Bansod Sneha J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sneha J Bansod and Shubhada S Thakare. 2014. Near Infrared spectroscopy based a portable soil nitrogen detector design. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol 5, 3 (2014), 3953--3956.","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"R Scalenghe, A Lammers, U Schwertmann, AC Edwards, R Maguire, MJ Wilson, A Delgado, and J Torrent.","author":"Barberis Elisabetta","year":"1995","unstructured":"Elisabetta Barberis, Franco Ajmone Marsan, R Scalenghe, A Lammers, U Schwertmann, AC Edwards, R Maguire, MJ Wilson, A Delgado, and J Torrent. 1995. European soils overfertilized with phosphorus: Part 1. Basic properties. Fertilizer research 45 (1995), 199--207."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Reflectance properties of soils. Advances in agronomy 38","author":"Baumgardner Marion F","year":"1986","unstructured":"Marion F Baumgardner, LeRoy F Silva, Larry L Biehl, and Eric R Stoner. 1986. Reflectance properties of soils. Advances in agronomy 38 (1986), 1--44."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Bimedis.com [n. d.]. Spectrometer. https:\/\/bimedis.com\/a-item\/spectroscopy-equipment-bfrl-wqf-510-1946874"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"bngesp. [n. d.]. MQTTSN-over-LoRA. https:\/\/github.com\/bngesp\/MQTTSN-over-LoRA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy for soil water determination in small soil volumes. Canadian journal of soil science 84, 3","author":"Bullock PR","year":"2004","unstructured":"PR Bullock, X Li, and L Leonardi. 2004. Near-infrared spectroscopy for soil water determination in small soil volumes. Canadian journal of soil science 84, 3 (2004), 333--338."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(02)00583-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Microwave filters for communication systems: fundamentals, design, and applications","author":"Cameron Richard J","unstructured":"Richard J Cameron, Chandra M Kudsia, and Raafat R Mansour. 2018. Microwave filters for communication systems: fundamentals, design, and applications. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2021.105214"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Nitrogen fertilizer losses from rice soils and control of environmental pollution problems. Communications in soil science and plant analysis 36, 11-12","author":"Choudhury ATMA","year":"2005","unstructured":"ATMA Choudhury and IR Kennedy. 2005. Nitrogen fertilizer losses from rice soils and control of environmental pollution problems. Communications in soil science and plant analysis 36, 11-12 (2005), 1625--1639."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1064229320080049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Analog DevicesDevices. [n. d.]. HMC849A Datasheet and Product Info | Analog Devices. https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/products\/hmc849a.html#product-overview"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Predicting extractable soil phosphorus using visible\/near-infrared hyperspectral soil reflectance measurements. Paper No. 13 47","author":"Dhawale Nandkishor M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nandkishor M Dhawale, Viacheslav I Adamchuk, R Viscarra, S Prasher, Joann K Whalen, and A Ismail. 2013. Predicting extractable soil phosphorus using visible\/near-infrared hyperspectral soil reflectance measurements. Paper No. 13 47 (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Digikey. 2023. 915MHz Bandpass Filter. https:\/\/www.digikey.com\/en\/products\/filter\/rf-filters\/844?s=N4IgjCBcoEwdIDGUBmBDANgZwKYBoQB7KAbRAGYwB2ATgFYAOEAXQIAcAXKEAZQ4CcAlgDsA5iAC%2BBMORpRQySOmz4ipCgAYN5GFRbsukXgJHiJ5oA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"The 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 1--16","author":"Ding Jian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jian Ding and Ranveer Chandra. 2019. Towards low cost soil sensing using Wi-Fi. In The 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 1--16."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Dragino [n. d.]. Arduino Shield featuring LoRa\u00ae technology. https:\/\/www.dragino.com\/products\/lora\/item\/102-lora-shield.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3560905.3568525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2013.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Is there a need for a more sustainable agriculture? Critical reviews in plant sciences 30, 1-2","author":"Gomiero Tiziano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tiziano Gomiero, David Pimentel, and Maurizio G Paoletti. 2011. Is there a need for a more sustainable agriculture? Critical reviews in plant sciences 30, 1-2 (2011), 6--23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.31547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Spectrophotometry and the BeerLambert Law: An important analytical technique in chemistry","author":"Hardesty Jon H","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jon H Hardesty and Bassam Attili. 2010. Spectrophotometry and the BeerLambert Law: An important analytical technique in chemistry. Collin College, Department of Chemistry (2010)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Sustainable agricultural systems","author":"Harwood Richard R","unstructured":"Richard R Harwood. 2020. A history of sustainable agriculture. In Sustainable agricultural systems. CRC Press, 3--19."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17092045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpln.201200483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Measurement of nutrients in green house soil with laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Environmental monitoring and assessment 124","author":"Hussain T","year":"2007","unstructured":"T Hussain, MA Gondal, ZH Yamani, and MA Baig. 2007. Measurement of nutrients in green house soil with laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Environmental monitoring and assessment 124 (2007), 131--139."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2019.113900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aac.2022.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2018.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/vzj2004.0140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2009.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3495243.3517025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/vzj2018.03.0052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(86)90097-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.106038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage","author":"Lim Tuti Mariana","unstructured":"Tuti Mariana Lim, M Ulaganathan, and Q Yan. 2015. Advances in membrane and stack design of redox flow batteries (RFBs) for medium-and large-scale energy storage. In Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage. Elsevier, 477--507."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160210163155"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2002.7220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s110404188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2002.1677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-1987(96)01086-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.202000464"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Chemical principles of near-infrared technology. Near-infrared technology in the agricultural and food industries 2","author":"Miller Charles E","year":"2001","unstructured":"Charles E Miller. 2001. Chemical principles of near-infrared technology. Near-infrared technology in the agricultural and food industries 2 (2001)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2004.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12596-019-00517-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2020.105469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/CJSS08076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaojun Qiu Jiagui Xie Shicheng Zhao Xinpeng Xu Yunpeng Hou Xiufang Wang Wei Zhou Ping He Adrian M Johnston Peter Christie et al. 2014. Long-term effects of potassium fertilization on yield efficiency and soil fertility status in a rain-fed maize system in northeast China. Field crops research 163 (2014) 1--9.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2014.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice","author":"Rappaport T.S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"T.S. Rappaport. 2002. Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR. https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=TbgQAQAAMAAJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","unstructured":"Source Code Raspberry Pi. 2021. Clock Driver. https:\/\/github.com\/raspberrypi\/linux\/tree\/rpi-6.1.y\/drivers\/clk"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2005.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","unstructured":"RTL-SDR.com [n. d.]. rtl-sdr. https:\/\/gitea.osmocom.org\/sdr\/rtl-sdr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","first-page":"215","article-title":"Fertilizer recommendations for maize production in the South Sudan and Sudano-Guinean zones of Benin","volume":"2","author":"Sa\u00efdou Aliou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aliou Sa\u00efdou, I Balogoun, EL Ahoton, AM Igu\u00e9, S Youl, G Ezui, and A Mando. 2018. Fertilizer recommendations for maize production in the South Sudan and Sudano-Guinean zones of Benin. Improving the Profitability, Sustainability and Efficiency of Nutrients Through Site Specific Fertilizer Recommendations in West Africa Agro-Ecosystems: Volume 2 (2018), 215--234.","journal-title":"Improving the Profitability, Sustainability and Efficiency of Nutrients Through Site Specific Fertilizer Recommendations in West Africa Agro-Ecosystems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-2743.2007.00114.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SR10098"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2018.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","volume-title":"A long-term consistent artificial intelligence and remote sensing-based soil moisture dataset. Scientific data 10, 1","author":"Skulovich Olya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Olya Skulovich and Pierre Gentine. 2023. A long-term consistent artificial intelligence and remote sensing-based soil moisture dataset. Scientific data 10, 1 (2023), 154."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2000.643867x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","unstructured":"M Stehl\u00edk A Czako M Mayerov\u00e1 and M Madaras. 2019. Influence of organic and inorganic fertilization on soil properties and water infiltration. (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Abdul Mounem Mouazen, and Johanna Wetterlind.","author":"Stenberg Bo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bo Stenberg, Raphael A Viscarra Rossel, Abdul Mounem Mouazen, and Johanna Wetterlind. 2010. Visible and near infrared spectroscopy in soil science. Advances in agronomy 107 (2010), 163--215."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy: Basic Aspects and Practical Applications, 6 Springer Science & Business Media","author":"Svanberg S","year":"2012","unstructured":"S Svanberg. 2012. Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy: Basic Aspects and Practical Applications, 6 Springer Science & Business Media. Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","volume-title":"West Africa, using a logarithmic spiral trench. Forest ecology and management 107, 1-3","author":"Tomlinson H","year":"1998","unstructured":"H Tomlinson, A Traore, and ZJFE Teklehaimanot. 1998. An investigation of the root distribution of Parkia biglobosa in Burkina Faso, West Africa, using a logarithmic spiral trench. Forest ecology and management 107, 1-3 (1998), 173--182."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water resources research 16, 3","author":"Topp G Clarke","year":"1980","unstructured":"G Clarke Topp, JL Davis, and Aa P Annan. 1980. Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water resources research 16, 3 (1980), 574--582."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM53939.2023.10228985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PCCC.2018.8710834"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3610885","article-title":"PATCH: A Plug-in Framework of Non-blocking Inference for Distributed Multimodal System","volume":"7","author":"Wang Juexing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Juexing Wang, Guangjing Wang, Xiao Zhang, Li Liu, Huacheng Zeng, Li Xiao, Zhichao Cao, Lin Gu, and Tianxing Li. 2023. PATCH: A Plug-in Framework of Non-blocking Inference for Distributed Multimodal System. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 7, 3 (2023), 1--24.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/network3040021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_73_1","volume-title":"The Free Encyclopedia","unstructured":"Wikipedia. 2023. Snell's law --- Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Snell's%20law&oldid=1158093539. [Online; accessed 13-June-2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_75_1","volume-title":"Nor Hafizah Ngajikin, and Nurfatihah Che Abd Rashid","author":"Mohd Khairunnisa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khairunnisa Mohd. Yusof, Suhaila Isaak, Nor Hafizah Ngajikin, and Nurfatihah Che Abd Rashid. 2016. LED based soil spectroscopy."}],"event":{"name":"MOBISYS '24: 22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services","location":"Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan","acronym":"MOBISYS '24","sponsor":["SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing","SIGOPS ACM Special Interest Group on Operating Systems"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3643832.3661868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3643832.3661868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:03:07Z","timestamp":1750291387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3643832.3661868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3643832.3661868","10.1145\/3643832"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3643832.3661868","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}