{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:26:38Z","timestamp":1780496798149,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":70,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB3105600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB3105600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CCF-Tencent Rhino-Bird Young Faculty Open Research Fund","award":["RAGR20230116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RAGR20230116"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62102218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62102218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","award":["2047476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2047476"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3646547.3689023","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T09:40:26Z","timestamp":1730454026000},"page":"230-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Yesterday Once More: Global Measurement of Internet Traffic Shadowing Behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8677-7629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunpeng","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3512-7612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9032-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baojun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0083-733X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haixin","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University & Quancheng Laboratory, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8058-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junzhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9401-1012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2021. Speedchecker - Global Internet Testing. https:\/\/www.speedchecker.com\/probeapi\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2023. Postmaster. https:\/\/sendersupport.olc.protection.outlook.com\/pm\/troubles hooting.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2023. SMTP Error Codes. https:\/\/senders.yahooinc.com\/smtp-error-codes\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2023. Tor Metrics. https:\/\/metrics.torproject.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"2024. Bright data: Fast Residential Proxies. https:\/\/brightdata.com\/proxytypes\/ residential-proxies."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"2024. exploit-db. https:\/\/www.exploit-db.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"2024. Proxyrack: Premium Residential Proxies. https:\/\/www.proxyrack.com\/premium-geo-residential\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"2024. Spamhaus. https:\/\/www.spamhaus.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"HowChina Detects and Blocks Shadowsocks. In IMC '20: ACM Internet Measurement Conference","author":"Beznazwy Jan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alice, Bob, Carol, Jan Beznazwy, and Amir Houmansadr. 2020. HowChina Detects and Blocks Shadowsocks. In IMC '20: ACM Internet Measurement Conference, Virtual Event, USA, October 27-29, 2020. ACM, 111--124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/ 3419394.3423644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"DeResistor: Toward Detection-Resistant Probing for Evasion of Internet Censorship. In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2023","author":"Amich Abderrahmen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abderrahmen Amich, Birhanu Eshete, Vinod Yegneswaran, and Nguyen Phong Hoang. 2023. DeResistor: Toward Detection-Resistant Probing for Evasion of Internet Censorship. In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2023, Anaheim, CA, USA, August 9-11, 2023, Joseph A. Calandrino and Carmela Troncoso (Eds.). USENIX Association, 2617--2633. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/us enixsecurity23\/presentation\/amich"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"IP Geolocation API. 2024. IP API. https:\/\/ip-api.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"IP Information API. 2024. IP Info. https:\/\/ipinfo.io."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"APNIC Labs. 2024. Use of DNS Resolvers for World. https:\/\/stats.labs.apnic.net\/rvrs."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2012.52"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Many Roads Lead To Rome: How Packet Headers Influence DNS Censorship Measurement. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022","author":"Bhaskar Abhishek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abhishek Bhaskar and Paul Pearce. 2022. Many Roads Lead To Rome: How Packet Headers Influence DNS Censorship Measurement. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022, Boston, MA, USA, August 10-12, 2022, Kevin R. B. Butler and Kurt Thomas (Eds.). USENIX Association, 449--464. https: \/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity22\/presentation\/bhaskar"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM52122.2024.10621441"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3363189"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"CAIDA. 2024. Archipelago (Ark) Measurement Infrastructure. https:\/\/www.caida.org\/projects\/ark\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10207-014-0256-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EUROSP53844.2022.00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2987443.2987455"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS 2007","author":"Crandall Jedidiah R.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jedidiah R. Crandall, Daniel Zinn, Michael Byrd, Earl T. Barr, and Rich East. 2007. ConceptDoppler: a weather tracker for internet censorship. In Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS 2007, Alexandria, Virginia, USA, October 28-31, 2007, Peng Ning, Sabrina De Capitani di Vimercati, and Paul F. Syverson (Eds.). ACM, 352--365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/ 1315245.1315290"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2619239.2626321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2504730.2504757"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"ZMap: Fast Internet-wide Scanning and Its Security Applications. In Proceedings of the 22th USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Durumeric Zakir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zakir Durumeric, Eric Wustrow, and J. Alex Halderman. 2013. ZMap: Fast Internet-wide Scanning and Its Security Applications. In Proceedings of the 22th USENIX Security Symposium, Washington, DC, USA, August 14-16, 2013, Samuel T. King (Ed.). USENIX Association, 605--620. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/ usenixsecurity13\/technical-sessions\/paper\/durumeric"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ITC.2017.8064352"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC7258"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"OONI: Open Observatory of Network Interference. In 2nd USENIX Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet, FOCI '12","author":"Filast\u00f2 Arturo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arturo Filast\u00f2 and Jacob Appelbaum. 2012. OONI: Open Observatory of Network Interference. In 2nd USENIX Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet, FOCI '12, Bellevue, WA, USA, August 6, 2012, Roger Dingledine and Joss Wright (Eds.). USENIX Association. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/foci12\/ workshop-program\/presentation\/filast%C3%B2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Google. 2024. Google Ads. https:\/\/ads.google.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022","author":"Harrity Michael","year":"2022","unstructured":"Michael Harrity, Kevin Bock, Frederick Sell, and Dave Levin. 2022. GET \/out: Automated Discovery of Application-Layer Censorship Evasion Strategies. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022, Boston, MA, USA, August 10-12, 2022, Kevin R. B. Butler and Kurt Thomas (Eds.). USENIX Association, 465--483. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity22\/presentation\/harrity"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2535828.2535830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3595290"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"30th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2021","author":"Hoang Nguyen Phong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nguyen Phong Hoang, Arian Akhavan Niaki, Jakub Dalek, Jeffrey Knockel, Pellaeon Lin, Bill Marczak, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, Phillipa Gill, and Michalis Polychronakis. 2021. How Great is the Great Firewall? Measuring China's DNS Censorship. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2021, August 11-13, 2021, Michael D. Bailey and Rachel Greenstadt (Eds.). USENIX Association, 3381--3398. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity21\/presentation \/hoang"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2068816.2068834"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Geoff Huston. 2016. DNS Zombies. https:\/\/blog.apnic.net\/2016\/04\/04\/dnszombies\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"ICANN. 2024. ITHI Metric M5 Recursive Resolver Integrity. https:\/\/ithi.research.icann.org\/graph-m5.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eric Kinnear Patrick McManus Tommy Pauly Tanya Verma and Christopher A Wood. 2022. RFC 9230: Oblivious DNS over HTTPS.","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC9230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Ethical Frameworks and Computer Security Trolley Problems: Foundations for Conversations. In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2023","author":"Kohno Tadayoshi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tadayoshi Kohno, Yasemin Acar, and Wulf Loh. 2023. Ethical Frameworks and Computer Security Trolley Problems: Foundations for Conversations. In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2023, Anaheim, CA, USA, August 9-11, 2023, Joseph A. Calandrino and Carmela Troncoso (Eds.). USENIX Association, 5145--5162. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity23\/presentation \/kohno"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Uninvited Guests: Analyzing the Identity and Behavior of Certificate Transparency Bots. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022","author":"Kondracki Brian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brian Kondracki, Johnny So, and Nick Nikiforakis. 2022. Uninvited Guests: Analyzing the Identity and Behavior of Certificate Transparency Bots. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022, Boston, MA, USA, August 10-12, 2022, Kevin R. B. Butler and Kurt Thomas (Eds.). USENIX Association, 53--70. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity22\/presentation\/kondracki"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Who Is Answering My Queries: Understanding and Characterizing Interception of the DNS Resolution Path. In 27th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2018","author":"Liu Baojun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baojun Liu, Chaoyi Lu, Haixin Duan, Ying Liu, Zhou Li, Shuang Hao, and Min Yang. 2018. Who Is Answering My Queries: Understanding and Characterizing Interception of the DNS Resolution Path. In 27th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2018, Baltimore, MD, USA, August 15-17, 2018, William Enck and Adrienne Porter Felt (Eds.). USENIX Association, 1113--1128. https:\/\/www.usen ix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity18\/presentation\/liu-baojun"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1028788.1028835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2019.00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3607505.3607526"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Internet Measurement Conference. 730--737","author":"Oliver Leo","unstructured":"Leo Oliver, Gautam Akiwate, Matthew Luckie, Ben Du, and kc claffy. 2022. Stop, DROP, and ROA: Effectiveness of Defenses through the lens of DROP. In Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Internet Measurement Conference. 730--737."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","unstructured":"OpenDNS. 2024. OpenDNS Cache Check. http:\/\/cachecheck.opendns.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Nmap in the enterprise: your guide to network scanning","author":"Orebaugh Angela","unstructured":"Angela Orebaugh and Becky Pinkard. 2011. Nmap in the enterprise: your guide to network scanning. Elsevier."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Global Measurement of DNS Manipulation. In 26th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2017","author":"Pearce Paul","year":"2017","unstructured":"Paul Pearce, Ben Jones, Frank Li, Roya Ensafi, Nick Feamster, Nicholas Weaver, and Vern Paxson. 2017. Global Measurement of DNS Manipulation. In 26th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2017, Vancouver, BC, Canada, August 16-18, 2017, Engin Kirda and Thomas Ristenpart (Eds.). USENIX Association, 307--323. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity17\/technicalsessions\/ presentation\/pearce"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Tranco: A Research-Oriented Top Sites Ranking Hardened Against Manipulation. In 26th Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium, NDSS 2019","author":"Pochat Victor Le","year":"2019","unstructured":"Victor Le Pochat, Tom van Goethem, Samaneh Tajalizadehkhoob, Maciej Korczynski, and Wouter Joosen. 2019. Tranco: A Research-Oriented Top Sites Ranking Hardened Against Manipulation. In 26th Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium, NDSS 2019, San Diego, California, USA, February 24-27, 2019. The Internet Society. https:\/\/www.ndss-symposium.org\/ndss-paper\/tranco-aresearch-oriented-top-sites-ranking-hardened-against-manipulation\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"Mattew Prince. 2024. Introducing WARP: fixing mobile Internet performance and security. https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/1111-warp-better-vpn\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555050.3569133"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3487552.3487817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"Wood","author":"Rescorla Eric","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eric Rescorla, Kazuho Oku, Nick Sullivan, and Christopher A.Wood. 2024. TLS Encrypted Client Hello draft-ietf-tls-esni-18. Technical Report. Internet draft.[Online]. Available:https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/draft-ietf-tls-esni\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"Satellite: Joint Analysis of CDNs and Network-Level Interference. In 2016 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIX ATC 2016","author":"Scott Will","year":"2016","unstructured":"Will Scott, Thomas E. Anderson, Tadayoshi Kohno, and Arvind Krishnamurthy. 2016. Satellite: Joint Analysis of CDNs and Network-Level Interference. In 2016 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIX ATC 2016, Denver, CO, USA, June 22-24, 2016, Ajay Gulati and Hakim Weatherspoon (Eds.). USENIX Association, 195--208. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/atc16\/technical-sessions\/presentat ion\/scott"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Ripe atlas: A global internet measurement network","volume":"18","author":"Staff RIPE NCC","year":"2015","unstructured":"RIPE NCC Staff. 2015. Ripe atlas: A global internet measurement network. Internet Protocol Journal 18, 3 (2015), 2--26.","journal-title":"Internet Protocol Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-17172-2_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","volume-title":"Wood","author":"Thomson Martin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martin Thomson and Christopher A. Wood. 2022. Oblivious HTTP draft-thomson-http-oblivious-02. Technical Report. Internet draft.[Online]. Available:https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/draft-thomson-http-oblivious\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2018.23244"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2018436.2018479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","volume-title":"Domain Shadowing: Leveraging Content Delivery Networks for Robust Blocking-Resistant Communications. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2021","author":"Wei Mingkui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mingkui Wei. 2021. Domain Shadowing: Leveraging Content Delivery Networks for Robust Blocking-Resistant Communications. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2021, August 11-13, 2021, Michael D. Bailey and Rachel Greenstadt (Eds.). USENIX Association, 3327--3343. https: \/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity21\/presentation\/wei"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tim Wicinski. 2021. DNS Privacy Considerations. RFC 9076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10. 17487\/RFC9076","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC9076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"How the Great Firewall of China Detects and Blocks Fully Encrypted Traffic. In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2023","author":"Wu Mingshi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mingshi Wu, Jackson Sippe, Danesh Sivakumar, Jack Burg, Peter Anderson, Xiaokang Wang, Kevin Bock, Amir Houmansadr, Dave Levin, and Eric Wustrow. 2023. How the Great Firewall of China Detects and Blocks Fully Encrypted Traffic. In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2023, Anaheim, CA, USA, August 9-11, 2023, Joseph A. Calandrino and Carmela Troncoso (Eds.). USENIX Association, 2653--2670. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity23\/ presentation\/wu-mingshi"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19260-9_14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Fingerprinting Obfuscated Proxy Traffic with Encapsulated TLS Handshakes. In 33st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2024","author":"Xue Diwen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Diwen Xue, Michalis Kallitsis, Amir Houmansadr, and Roya Ensafi. 2024. Fingerprinting Obfuscated Proxy Traffic with Encapsulated TLS Handshakes. In 33st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2024, PHILADELPHIA, PA, USA, AUGUST 14-16, 2024. USENIX Association. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/ usenixsecurity24\/presentation\/xue"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517745.3561461"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022","author":"Xue Diwen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diwen Xue, Reethika Ramesh, Arham Jain, Michalis Kallitsis, J. Alex Halderman, Jedidiah R. Crandall, and Roya Ensafi. 2022. OpenVPN is Open to VPN Fingerprinting. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2022, Boston, MA, USA, August 10-12, 2022, Kevin R. B. Butler and Kurt Thomas (Eds.). USENIX Association, 483--500. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/usenixsecurity22\/pr esentation\/xue-diwen"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3487552.3487858"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559377"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"Measuring Privacy Threats in China-Wide Mobile Networks. In 8th USENIX Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet, FOCI 2018","author":"Zhang Mingming","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mingming Zhang, Baojun Liu, Chaoyi Lu, Jia Zhang, Shuang Hao, and Hai-Xin Duan. 2018. Measuring Privacy Threats in China-Wide Mobile Networks. In 8th USENIX Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet, FOCI 2018, Baltimore, MD, USA, August 14, 2018, Lex Gill and Rob Jansen (Eds.). USENIX Association. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/foci18\/presentation\/zhang"}],"event":{"name":"IMC '24: ACM Internet Measurement Conference","location":"Madrid Spain","acronym":"IMC '24","sponsor":["SIGMETRICS ACM Special Interest Group on Measurement and Evaluation","SIGCOMM ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2024 ACM on Internet Measurement Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3646547.3689023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3646547.3689023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T11:52:52Z","timestamp":1755863572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3646547.3689023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3646547.3689023","10.1145\/3646547"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3646547.3689023","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}