{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T06:25:46Z","timestamp":1766298346281,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We present\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            , a runtime monitoring tool for the Flash-friendly File System (F2FS) on Zoned Namespace (ZNS) Solid-state Drives (SSDs). ZNS SSD organizes its storage into zones of sequential write access. Due to ZNS SSD\u2019s sequential write nature, F2FS is a log-structured file system that has recently been adopted to support ZNS SSDs. To present the space management with the zone concept between F2FS and the underlying ZNS SSD, we developed\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            , a tool that enables users to visualize and analyze the space management of F2FS on ZNS SSDs.\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            utilizes the extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF) to trace the updated segment bitmap in F2FS and visualize each zone space usage accordingly. Furthermore,\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            is able to analyze on file fragmentation in F2FS and provides users with informative fragmentation histogram to serve as an indicator of file fragmentation. Using\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            \u2019s visualization, we are able to identify the current F2FS space management scheme\u2019s inability to fully optimize space for streaming data recording in autonomous systems, which leads to serious file fragmentation on ZNS SSDs. Our evaluations show that\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            is lightweight and assists users in getting useful insights for effortless monitoring on F2FS with ZNS SSD with both synthetic and realistic workloads. We believe\n            <jats:monospace>ZoneTrace<\/jats:monospace>\n            can help users analyze F2FS with ease and open up space management research topics with F2FS on ZNS SSDs.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3656172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T11:59:46Z","timestamp":1712318386000},"page":"1-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["ZoneTrace: Zone Monitoring Tool for F2FS on ZNS SSDs"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7928-7776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping-Xiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6282-8709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongjoo","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7559-6826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changhoon","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2563-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jongheum","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kookmin University, Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1294-0079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minchul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kookmin University, Seoul Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3155-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaicheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1657-4052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matias","family":"Bj\u00f8rling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Digital Corporation Irvine, Irvine, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3060-8119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikil","family":"Dutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"Jens Axboe. 2005. 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