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Such a rate lifting is useful for model reverse engineering and model repair. Technically, the algorithm works by solving systems of nonlinear equations and\u2014if necessary\u2014adjusting the model\u2019s synchronisation structure, without changing its transition system. The adjustments cause an augmentation of a transition\u2019s context and thus enable additional control over the transition rate. The complete pseudo-code of the rate lifting algorithm is included and discussed in the article, and its practical usefulness is demonstrated by two case studies. The approach taken by the algorithm exploits some structural and behavioural properties of SPA systems, which are formulated here for the first time and could be very beneficial also in other contexts, such as compositional system verification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3656582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T12:10:48Z","timestamp":1712578248000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rate Lifting for Stochastic Process Algebra by Transition Context Augmentation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2075-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin","family":"Soltanieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Informatik, Neubiberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7639-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Siegle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Informatik, Neubiberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2003.1205180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19835-9_30"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/895274"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3536430"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2013.20"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-63390-9_31"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","volume-title":"Stochastische Prozessalgebren: Integration von funktionalem Entwurf und Leistungsbewertung Verteilter Systeme","author":"G\u00f6tz N.","year":"1994","unstructured":"N. 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