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Manage. Inf. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapidly evolving field of Large Language Models (LLMs) holds immense promise for healthcare, particularly in medication guidance and adverse drug reaction prediction. Despite their potential, existing LLMs face challenges in dealing with complex polypharmacy scenarios and often grapple with data lag issues. To address these limitations, we introduce an LLM-based Chinese medication guidance system, called ShennongMGS, specifically tailored for robust medication guidance and adverse drug reaction predictions. Our system transforms multi-source heterogeneous medication information into a knowledge graph and employs a two-stage training strategy to construct a specialized LLM (ShennongGPT). This method enables the simulation of professional pharmacists\u2019 decision-making processes and incorporates the capability for knowledge self-updating, thereby significantly enhancing drug safety and the overall quality of medical services. Rigorously evaluated by medical professionals and artificial intelligence experts, our method demonstrates superiority, outperforming existing general and specialized LLMs in performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3658451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T12:14:10Z","timestamp":1713356050000},"page":"1-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["ShennongMGS: An LLM-based Chinese Medication Guidance System"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9990-690X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutao","family":"Dou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9878-5090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuwei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1315-1396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiongjun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6967-5434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haitao","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7673-2641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiandong","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8253-0695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Military and Political Basic Education, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7897-7503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Finance and Statistics, Hunan University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4039-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4647-2615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaoliang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","article-title":"RDF\/XML syntax specification (revised)","volume":"10","author":"Beckett Dave","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dave Beckett and Brian McBride. 2004. 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