{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T07:19:20Z","timestamp":1771658360756,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":42,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3663548.3675634","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,20]],"date-time":"2024-10-20T18:37:25Z","timestamp":1729449445000},"page":"1-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Uncovering the New Accessibility Crisis in Scholarly PDFs: Publishing Model and Platform Changes Contribute to Declining Scholarly Document Accessibility in the Last Decade"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2930-9525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anukriti","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, United States"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8752-6635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, United States"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[n. d.]. European accessibility act. https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/social\/main.jsp?catId=1202&langId=en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Hello GPT-4o. https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/hello-gpt-4o\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3502133"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Bigham P.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jeffrey\u00a0P. Bigham, E. Brady, Cole Gleason, Anhong Guo, and D. Shamma. 2016. An Uninteresting Tour Through Why Our Research Papers Aren\u2019t Accessible. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2745555.2746665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Brinn C. Cameron D. Fielding C. Frankston A. Fromme P. Huang M. Nazzaro S. Orphan S. Sigurdsson R. Tay M. Yang and Q. Zhou. 2022. A framework for improving the accessibility of research papers on arxiv.org. (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2212.07286","DOI":"10.48550\/arxiv.2212.07286"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"B. Caldwell M. Cooper Loretta\u00a0Guarino Reid and G. Vanderheiden. 2008. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517428.3544796"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/379537.379550"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/leap.1581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31522-0_89"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O. Drummer and M. Erle. 2012. pdf\/ua \u2013 a new era for document accessibility: understanding managing and implementing the iso standard pdf\/ua (universal accessibility): introduction to the special thematic session. (2012) 585\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-31522-0_88","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31522-0_88"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"HTML papers on arXiv - why it is important, and how we made it happen. ArXiv abs\/2402.08954","author":"Frankston Charles","year":"2024","unstructured":"Charles Frankston, Jonathan Godfrey, Shamsi Brinn, Alison Hofer, and Mark Nazzaro. 2024. HTML papers on arXiv - why it is important, and how we made it happen. ArXiv abs\/2402.08954 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","first-page":"552","article-title":"Estudio de la accesibilidad de los documentos cient\u00edficos en soporte digital","volume":"31","author":"Graells Miquel\u00a0T\u00e9rmens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Miquel\u00a0T\u00e9rmens i Graells, M.\u00a0B. Cerrej\u00f3n, M.\u00a0D. Boladeras, D. Murillo, P. Asensio, and Mireia\u00a0Ribera Turr\u00f3. 2007. Estudio de la accesibilidad de los documentos cient\u00edficos en soporte digital. Revista Espanola De Documentacion Cientifica 31 (2007), 552\u2013572.","journal-title":"Revista Espanola De Documentacion Cientifica"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1061811.1061820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483441"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2993420"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2021.3114770"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3441852.3471207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Designing Tools for High-Quality Alt Text Authoring. The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","author":"Mack M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kelly\u00a0M. Mack, Edward Cutrell, Bongshin Lee, and Meredith\u00a0Ringel Morris. 2021. Designing Tools for High-Quality Alt Text Authoring. The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. Menzies G. Tigwell and M. Crabb. 2022. author reflections on creating accessible academic papers. Acm Transactions on accessible Computing 15 (2022) 1\u201336. Issue 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3546195","DOI":"10.1145\/3546195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2015.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/leap.1197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"PDF: Still Unfit for Human Consumption, 20 Years Later. https:\/\/www.nngroup.com\/articles\/pdf-unfit-for-human-consumption\/. Accessed: 2021-01-31.","author":"Nielsen Jakob","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jakob Nielsen and Anna Kaley. 2020. PDF: Still Unfit for Human Consumption, 20 Years Later. https:\/\/www.nngroup.com\/articles\/pdf-unfit-for-human-consumption\/. Accessed: 2021-01-31."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3507661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"Jason Priem Heather Piwowar and Richard Orr. 2022. OpenAlex: A fully-open index of scholarly works authors venues institutions and concepts. arxiv:2205.01833\u00a0[cs.DL] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2205.01833"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.\u00a0J. Rajkumar J. Lazar J.\u00a0B. Jordan Alireza Darvishy and H. Hutter. 2020. PDF Accessibility of Research Papers: What Tools are Needed for Assessment and Remediation?. In HICSS.","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2020.512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6017\/ital.v27i3.3246"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Ribera R. Pozzobon and S. Sayago. 2019. Publishing accessible proceedings: the DSAI 2016 case study. Universal Access in the Information Society (2019) 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-019-00660-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517428.3550407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"VILA: Improving Structured Content Extraction from Scientific PDFs Using Visual Layout Groups. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)","author":"Shen Zejiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zejiang Shen, Kyle Lo, Lucy\u00a0Lu Wang, Bailey Kuehl, Daniel\u00a0S. Weld, and Doug Downey. 2022. VILA: Improving Structured Content Extraction from Scientific PDFs Using Visual Layout Groups. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL) (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3640543.3645212"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Shari Trewin. 2014. Accessible PDF Author Guide. https:\/\/www.sigaccess.org\/welcome-to-sigaccess\/resources\/accessible-pdf-author-guide\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"A Review of Microsoft Academic Services for Science of Science Studies. Frontiers in Big Data 2","author":"Wang Kuansan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuansan Wang, Zhihong Shen, Chiyuan Huang, Chieh-Han Wu, Darrin Eide, Yuxiao Dong, Junjie Qian, Anshul Kanakia, Alvin Chen, and Richard Rogahn. 2019. A Review of Microsoft Academic Services for Science of Science Studies. Frontiers in Big Data 2 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3582298.3582299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"User Needs, and a System Solution to Enhance Scientific PDF Accessibility for Blind and Low Vision Users. ArXiv abs\/2105.00076","author":"Wang Lucy\u00a0Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lucy\u00a0Lu Wang, Isabel Cachola, Jonathan Bragg, Evie (Yu-Yen) Cheng, Chelsea\u00a0Hess Haupt, Matt Latzke, Bailey Kuehl, Madeleine van Zuylen, Linda\u00a0M. Wagner, and Daniel\u00a0S. Weld. 2021. Improving the Accessibility of Scientific Documents: Current State, User Needs, and a System Solution to Enhance Scientific PDF Accessibility for Blind and Low Vision Users. ArXiv abs\/2105.00076 (2021). https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:233481964"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2048-7940.1990.tb01505.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3493612.3520449"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing abs\/2012","author":"Xu Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Xu, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Furu Wei, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei A.\u00a0F. Flor\u00eancio, Cha Zhang, Wanxiang Che, Min Zhang, and Lidong Zhou. 2021. LayoutLMv2: Multi-modal Pre-training for Visually-Rich Document Understanding. Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing abs\/2012.14740 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/ese.2023.e98101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3373625.3418045"}],"event":{"name":"ASSETS '24: The 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","location":"St. John's NL Canada","acronym":"ASSETS '24","sponsor":["SIGACCESS ACM Special Interest Group on Accessible Computing"]},"container-title":["The 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3663548.3675634","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T23:57:17Z","timestamp":1750291037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3663548.3675634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3663548.3675634","10.1145\/3663548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3663548.3675634","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}