{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T15:58:25Z","timestamp":1782316705069,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":57,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1901048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1901048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1925767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1925767"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-2128588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2128588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-2312715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2312715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-2408393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2408393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3666025.3699334","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T18:48:26Z","timestamp":1730746106000},"page":"225-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["MetaSoil: Passive mmWave Metamaterial Multi-layer Soil Moisture Sensing"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8329-9295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baicheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego, La Jolla, US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8504-6324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego, La Jolla, US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9688-8056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego, La Jolla, US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2732-6954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Merced, Merced, US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Powdered water the cure for drought? (July","year":"2013","unstructured":"2013. Powdered water the cure for drought? (July 2013). https:\/\/www.iol.co.za\/news\/powdered-water-the-cure-for-drought-1549671 Accessed: 2024-06-25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2023. Safety Data Sheet: S25502. https:\/\/www.fishersci.com\/content\/dam\/fishersci\/en_US\/documents\/programs\/education\/regulatory-documents\/sds\/chemicals\/chemicals-p\/S25502.pdf Accessed: 2024-06-25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2024. Hydrogel Skin-On-Skin Squares Blister Relief. https:\/\/www.elitegymnastics.co.uk\/products\/hydrogel-skin-on-skin-squares-blister-relief Accessed: 2024-06-25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2024. Inland 1.75mm Natural PLA 3D Printer Filament. https:\/\/inlandelectronics.com\/product\/inland-1-75mm-natural-pla-3d-printer-filament\/ Accessed: 2024-06-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Share","year":"2032","unstructured":"2024. Smart Agriculture Market Size, Share, Growth Drivers, Industry Report, 2032. https:\/\/www.marketsandmarkets.com\/Market-Reports\/smart-agriculture-market-239736790.html Accessed: 2024-06-25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"AcuRite. 2024. Soil Moisture Guide for Plants and Vegetables. https:\/\/www.acurite.com\/blog\/soil-moisture-guide-for-plants-and-vegetables.html. Accessed: 2024-09-19."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14214721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Infineon Technologies AG. 2024. BGT60TR13C XENSIVTM 60GHz radar sensor for advanced sensing. https:\/\/www.infineon.com\/cms\/en\/product\/sensor\/radar-sensors\/radar-sensors-for-iot\/60ghz-radar\/bgt60tr13c\/. Accessed: 2024-06-24."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1759078717001337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/eng4010051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3140156"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Amazon. 2024. Product Page for B0CNVPM3FW. https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0CNVPM3FW\/. https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0CNVPM3FW\/ Accessed: 2024-06-30."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bambu Lab. 2024. Bambu Lab A1 3D Printer. https:\/\/bambulab.com\/en-us\/a1 Accessed: 2024-09-19.","DOI":"10.2512\/jspm.19.A1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"The Influence of Overwatering, Underwatering, and Waterlogging on the Growth of Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)","author":"Brazel Skyler R","unstructured":"Skyler R Brazel. 2023. The Influence of Overwatering, Underwatering, and Waterlogging on the Growth of Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala). Mississippi State University."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"yet tender: Scientists firm up research on durable hydrogels. (March","author":"Chin Matthew","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matthew Chin and Andre Salles. 2021. Tough, yet tender: Scientists firm up research on durable hydrogels. (March 2021). https:\/\/www.anl.gov\/article\/tough-yet-tender-scientists-firm-up-research-on-durable-hydrogels Accessed: 2024-06-25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"20th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 23)","author":"Cho Kun Woo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kun Woo Cho, Mohammad H Mazaheri, Jeremy Gummeson, Omid Abari, and Kyle Jamieson. 2023. {mmWall}: ASteerable, Transflective Metamaterial Surface for { NextG } { mmWave } Networks. In 20th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 23). 1647--1665."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5023324"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"The 25th annual international conference on mobile computing and networking. 1--16.","author":"Ding Jian","unstructured":"Jian Ding and Ranveer Chandra. 2019. Towards low cost soil sensing using Wi-Fi. In The 25th annual international conference on mobile computing and networking. 1--16."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3580867"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMM.2020.3023310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Cornell Cooperative Extension. 2024. Soil Organic Matter Fact Sheet. https:\/\/franklin.cce.cornell.edu\/resources\/soil-organic-matter-fact-sheet Accessed: 2024-06-26."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9020319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECom.2016.7843900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3560905.3568525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Characterization and effects of cross-linked potassium polyacrylate as soil amendment","author":"G\u00f3mez J Sanz","year":"2015","unstructured":"J Sanz G\u00f3mez. 2015. Characterization and effects of cross-linked potassium polyacrylate as soil amendment. University of Seville, Seville, Spain (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10762-020-00677-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Remote material characterization using mmWave FMCW radar with complex baseband. Master's thesis","author":"Hegazy Ahmed Metwally","unstructured":"Ahmed Metwally Hegazy. 2021. Remote material characterization using mmWave FMCW radar with complex baseband. Master's thesis. University of Waterloo."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2017.2783541"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"SoilTAG: Fine-Grained Soil Moisture Sensing Through Chipless Tags","author":"Jiao Wenli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wenli Jiao, Ju Wang, Yelu He, Xiangdong Xi, and Fuwei Wang. 2023. SoilTAG: Fine-Grained Soil Moisture Sensing Through Chipless Tags. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0171705jes"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6075680"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3495243.3517025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10948-022-06408-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3430531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"Scikit learn developers. 2024. sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestRegressor. https:\/\/scikit-learn.org\/stable\/modules\/generated\/sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestRegressor.html Accessed: 2024-07-01."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2024.109289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2004.831888"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3452296.3472896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","unstructured":"Almond Board of California. [n. d.]. ALMOND IRRIGATION IMPROVEMENT CONTINUUM. https:\/\/www.almonds.com\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-02\/Almond-Irrigation-Improvement-Continuum.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1997.03615995006100060006x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00289-022-04203-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3495243.3517024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.11.054066"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandeep Rao. 2017. Introduction to mmWave sensing: FMCW radars. Texas Instruments (TI) mmWave Training Series (2017) 1--11.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804418-6.00001-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3636534.3649358"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s8010561"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Dielectric properties of porous silicon for use as a substrate for the on-chip integration of millimeter-wave devices in the frequency range 140 to 210 GHz. Nanoscale research letters 9","author":"Sarafis Panagiotis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Panagiotis Sarafis and Androula Galiouna Nassiopoulou. 2014. Dielectric properties of porous silicon for use as a substrate for the on-chip integration of millimeter-wave devices in the frequency range 140 to 210 GHz. Nanoscale research letters 9 (2014), 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","unstructured":"Soils4Teachers. 2024. Physical Properties of Soil. https:\/\/www.soils4teachers.org\/physical-properties\/ Accessed: 2024-06-26."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","volume-title":"First European Radar Conference","author":"Stove AG","year":"2004","unstructured":"AG Stove. 2004. Modern FMCW radar-techniques and applications. In First European Radar Conference, 2004. EURAD. IEEE, 149--152."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"A multifunctional hydrogel with high conductivity, pH-responsive, thermo-responsive and release properties from polyacrylate\/polyaniline hybrid. Carbohydrate polymers 73, 2","author":"Tang Qunwei","year":"2008","unstructured":"Qunwei Tang, Jihuai Wu, and Jianming Lin. 2008. A multifunctional hydrogel with high conductivity, pH-responsive, thermo-responsive and release properties from polyacrylate\/polyaniline hybrid. Carbohydrate polymers 73, 2 (2008), 315--321."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toaa183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","unstructured":"University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2023. Growing Grapes in the California Garden. https:\/\/cagardenweb.ucanr.edu\/Growing_Grapes_in_the_California_Garden\/ Accessed: 2024-06-21."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643832.3661868"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.1980.350304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","unstructured":"Limin Yu Wanlin Gao Redmond R Shamshiri Sha Tao Yanzhao Ren Yanjun Zhang and Guilian Su. 2021. Review of research progress on soil moisture sensor technology. (2021)."}],"event":{"name":"SenSys '24: 22nd ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","location":"Hangzhou China","acronym":"SenSys '24","sponsor":["SIGARCH ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Architecture","SIGBED ACM Special Interest Group on Embedded Systems","SIGMETRICS ACM Special Interest Group on Measurement and Evaluation","SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing","SIGOPS ACM Special Interest Group on Operating Systems"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3666025.3699334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3666025.3699334","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3666025.3699334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T22:53:47Z","timestamp":1750287227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3666025.3699334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3666025.3699334","10.1145\/3666025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3666025.3699334","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}