{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T20:25:36Z","timestamp":1759177536736,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008914","name":"Advance Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AQPTP01216-17RD1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AQPTP01216-17RD1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society","award":["CE200100005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE200100005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Household energy use data may contain sensitive inferences into family life, yet its potential for surveillance is imperfectly understood. To explore this space, we developed Household Wattch, a speculative eco-feedback \u2018provotype\u2019 that profiles households according to their energy use data. Evaluated by 16 participants from Australian households engaged in an 18-month energy use monitoring trial, Household Wattch elicited users\u2019 perceptions and expectations about a near future where energy use data is a useful yet potentially sensitive commodity when analysed. We highlight challenges and opportunities for energy use data across three scales: (1) Within the household, (2) Beyond the household (e.g., sharing energy data with third parties) and (3) Post-household (e.g., what happens to energy data when a household re-configures or disbands). Findings suggest users may require support in understanding the sensitivities of their energy use data, particularly when deciding whether to share it with third parties. Opportunities exist for accidental or deliberate surveillance via energy use data, and these need to be identified and managed. Provotypes represent a useful tool for navigating this space, and we provide considerations for how they can support users in speculating over possible energy futures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3673228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T08:46:37Z","timestamp":1718700397000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Household Wattch: Exploring Opportunities for Surveillance and Consent through Families\u2019 Household Energy Use Data"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8408-0153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Snow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland &amp; CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-8445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Awais Hameed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2595-7920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaleb","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1128-729X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2005.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","unstructured":"AEM. 2017. Five Minute Settlement. Australian Energy Market Operator. Retrieved April 13 2021 from https:\/\/www.aemc.gov.au\/rule-changes\/five-minute-settlement"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03085147.2019.1690275"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2943770"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","unstructured":"Jillian Ambrose. 2019. Smart Energy Meter Rollout Deadline Pushed Back to 2024. The Guardian. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2019\/sep\/16\/smart-energy-meter-rollout-uk-deadline-pushed-back-2024"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2022.111951"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3539737"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2022. Household income and wealth Australia: Key information from the survey of income and housing 2019\u201320 including distribution of income and wealth by various household characteristics. Retrieved September 10 2022 from https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/economy\/finance\/household-income-and-wealth-australia\/latest-release"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","unstructured":"Australian Energy Regulator. 2020. My Energy Bill. Consumers. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.aer.gov.au\/consumers\/my-energy-bill"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","unstructured":"Australian Government. 2022. What Happens When Your Child Turns 15. Retrieved September 22 2022 from https:\/\/www.servicesaustralia.gov.au\/what-happens-when-your-child-turns-15?context=60007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2499149.2499164"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3360322.3360999"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","unstructured":"Bidgely. 2019. Generate New Revenue. Technology. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.bidgely.com\/solutions\/customer-experience\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2020.111807"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","unstructured":"Julian Bleeker. 2020. Near Future Lab: Imagining a Possible Future. Retrieved from http:\/\/digicult.it\/design\/near-future-lab-imagining-a-possible-future\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2317956.2318014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15710882.2013.788193"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","unstructured":"Nellie Bowles. 2018. Thermostats Locks and Lights: Digital Tools of Domestic Abuse. New York Times. Retrieved March 22 2023 from https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/06\/23\/technology\/smart-home-devices-domestic-abuse.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2856493"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2019.101256"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74853-3_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2014.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-021-01182-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2022.112447"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2020.101535"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoforum.2020.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2020.110187"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2017.8258032"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557167"},{"issue":"2006","key":"e_1_3_6_32_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"The effectiveness of feedback on energy consumption","volume":"486","author":"Darby Sarah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sarah Darby. 2006. The effectiveness of feedback on energy consumption. Rev. DEFRA Lit. Metering Billing Direct Disp. 486, 2006 (2006), 26\u201326.","journal-title":"Rev. DEFRA Lit. Metering Billing Direct Disp"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_2","unstructured":"Department for Climate Change Energy the Environment and Water. 2022. Consumer Data Right for Energy. Retrieved May 10 2022 from https:\/\/www.energy.gov.au\/government-priorities\/energy-markets\/consumer-data-right-energy"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445241"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcci.2017.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_2","volume-title":"Speculative Everything: Design, Fiction, and Social Dreaming","author":"Dunne Anthony","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby. 2013. Speculative Everything: Design, Fiction, and Social Dreaming. MIT Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2014.2376613"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244016664954"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Corinna Fischer. 2008. Feedback on household electricity consumption: A tool for saving energy? Energy Efficiency 1 (2008) 79\u2013104. DOI: 10.1007\/s12053-008-9009-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s12053-008-9009-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2449396.2449446"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_41_2","volume-title":"Good Data","author":"Flintham Martin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martin Flintham, Murray Goulden, M. Price, and D. Urquhart. 2019. Domesticating data: Socio-legal perspectives on smart homes and good data design. In Good Data. Angela Daly, S. Kate Devitt, and Monique Mann (Eds.), Institute of Network Cultures."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_2","unstructured":"Claire Forster. 2021. New Consumer Data Right Update for the Energy Sector. Norton Rose Fulbright Thought Leadership. Retrieved December 1 2021 from https:\/\/www.nortonrosefulbright.com\/en\/knowledge\/publications\/96eada3a\/new-consumer-data-right-update-for-the-energy-sector"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753629"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10811680.2017.1331637"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300498"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444817700154"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1470-6431.2010.00967.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3517617"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_49_2","first-page":"40","article-title":"The internet of children: Protecting children\u2019s privacy in a hyper-connected world","volume":"1209","author":"Haber E.","year":"2020","unstructured":"E. Haber. 2020. The internet of children: Protecting children\u2019s privacy in a hyper-connected world. Univ. Ill. Law Rev. 1209 (2020), 40.","journal-title":"Univ. Ill. Law Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09613218.2017.1356140"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2010.05.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2012.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_53_2","unstructured":"Sue Hogan Andrew Pascale Audrey Cetois and Peta Ashworth. 2018. Building Australia\u2019s Energy Literacy. National Energy Resources Australia (NERA). Retrieved June 13 2021 from https:\/\/www.nera.org.au\/Featured-energy-literacy"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcci.2015.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/642611.642616"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102009005000007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-58640-3_33"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21606\/drs.2020.246"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445598"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287054"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2019.1685883"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481371"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2016.1615"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_65_2","unstructured":"LW. 2022. Amber Heard\u2019s Photos Were Edited According to Metadata Expert. Marca. Retrieved October 10 2022 from https:\/\/www.marca.com\/en\/lifestyle\/celebrities\/2022\/05\/26\/628ed0f7e2704e899e8b45f5.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/15718182-30010008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clsr.2015.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_68_2","unstructured":"MarketWatch. 2021. Home Energy Monitor Market Size: How Much Is the Home Energy Monitor Industry worth? Retrieved January 11 2021 from https:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/press-release\/home-energy-monitor-market-size-in-2021-92-cagr-with-top-countries-data-how-much-is-the-home-energy-monitor-industry-worth-latest-120-pages-report-2021-10-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/L8BU-ECLK-PEC5-KKTW"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376167"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_71_2","unstructured":"NOLO. 2022. Could Your \u201cSmart House\u201d be Called as a Trial Witness? Criminal Defense Attorneys. Retrieved October 22 2022 from https:\/\/www.criminaldefenselawyer.com\/resources\/could-your-smart-house-be-called-trial-witness.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_72_2","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IIE Annual Conference","author":"OlufemiOmitaomu","year":"2013","unstructured":"OlufemiOmitaomu. 2013. Profiling real-time electricity consumption data for process monitoring and control. In Proceedings of the IIE Annual Conference, 59\u201366."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1265"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_74_2","unstructured":"Phisaver. Phisaver Energy Monitoring. Retrieved from www.phisaver.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300275"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675281"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300617"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376889"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2019.1647643"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466154"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2020.110359"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.62.4.363"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445095"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3369457.3369501"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-015-0839-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-55860-092-8.50006-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UPEC.2018.8542016"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9781137267054"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2621931"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01296612.2023.2254936"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_91_2","unstructured":"Christopher Thompson. 2021. Five Minute Settlement Explained. Retrieved May 14 2022 from https:\/\/help.amber.com.au\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/4411273786637-Five-minute-settlement-explained-"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3354212"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_93_2","unstructured":"Erica Vowles and Jeremy Story-Carter. 2022. Your Google Home or Fitbit Could Be Used Against You in Court. ABC News. Retrieved September 11 2022 from https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2018-03-09\/your-google-home-or-fit-bit-could-be-used-against-you-in-court\/9510368"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376135"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2019.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3274469"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jit.2015.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_98_2","volume-title":"The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power","author":"Zuboff Shoshana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shoshana Zuboff. 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power (1st ed.). PublicAffairs.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1095796018819461"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3673228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3673228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:58:25Z","timestamp":1750294705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3673228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3673228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3673228","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-0516","1557-7325"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1073-0516"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1557-7325"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}